Akademiska Sångföreningen

"Akademen" redirects here. For other uses, see Akademen (disambiguation).

The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki Akademiska Sångföreningen
Choir
Logotype
Origin	Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland,  Russian Empire (today Helsinki,  Finland)
Founded	1838; 187 years ago (1838)
Founder	Fredrik (Friedrich) Pacius
Genre	Male-voice choral
Members	Ca 60 active
Chief conductor	Elisa Huovinen
Choir admission	Semiannual auditions
Headquarters	Helsinki,  Finland
Affiliation	University of Helsinki
Associated groups	The Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran The YL Male Voice Choir The Helsinki University Symphony Orchestra
Website	akademen.com

The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki (Swedish: Akademiska Sångföreningen, lit. 'The Academic Song Association', Finland Swedish: [ɑkɑˈdeːmiskɑ ˈsoŋfœrˌeːniŋen]), abbreviated AS, colloquially also known as Akademen[a] (Finland Swedish: [ɑkɑˈdeːmen]), is a Finland-Swedish academic male-voice choir in Helsinki, Finland. The choir was founded in 1838 by Fredrik Pacius and is the oldest extant choir in Finland.[1] It is one of two male-voice choirs affiliated with the University of Helsinki, the other being the oldest extant Finnish-language choir, the YL Male Voice Choir (Finnish: Ylioppilaskunnan Laulajat). Furthermore, it is one of two Swedish-language choirs affiliated with the University of Helsinki, the other being the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran (Swedish: Akademiska Damkören Lyran).

History

Overview

Drawing of the young Pacius by Mazér

Akademiska Sångföreningen was founded no later than during the spring term of 1838 by Fredrik Pacius (né Friedrich Pacius), music lecturer at the Imperial Alexander University of Finland (today the University of Helsinki) and sometimes known as "the father of Finnish music", originally under the name Akademiska Sångsällskapet[b], 'The Academic Song Society'.[2] The choir is thus the oldest extant one in Finland.[1] The name Akademiska Sångföreningen was introduced no later than in 1846.[3]

During the 19th century the choir became a symbol of national awakening in the emerging Finnish nation, at the time part of the Russian Empire as the Grand Duchy of Finland. On 13 May 1848,[4] Pacius' composition Vårt land, 'Our Land', set to the poem by Johan Ludvig Runeberg, was performed for the first time by the choir, conducted by Pacius, during the students' celebration of the Flora Day. The composition was to become the national anthem of the Finnish nation.

In the 1850s and 60s, elite triple quartets from within the choir's ranks (Swedish: "sångartolfvor", lit. 'singer twelves') participated in raising the funds necessary to build what is today known as the Old Student House in Helsinki (Swedish: Gamla studenthuset, Finnish: Vanha ylioppilastalo), by travelling the country performing.[5] The Old Student House was finished in 1870[6] and is still the location for the choir's weekly rehearsals.

During the second half of the 20th century, the choir, directed by modernist Erik Bergman, came to carve out new paths for the male-voice choir tradition in Finland, proving that this genre of music was able to exhibit superior musical qualities as well. After Bergman, jazz musician Henrik Otto Donner carried on this tradition.

At end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 80s the choir was engaged in lighter types of music. The Akademen à la carte concerts in Finlandia Hall were decidedly successful and, when necessary, members of the choir would compose pieces of music themselves.

During the 20th century the choir had several prominent conductors: Bengt Carlson, Nils-Eric Fougstedt, Erik Bergman, Henrik Otto Donner, Markus Westerlund, Eric-Olof Söderström, Tom Eklundh, John Schultz and Henrik Wikström all directed the choir.[7][8] The most recent chief conductor Dr Kari Turunen, Doctor of Music, was appointed 2008 and stepped down in 2019 after the spring term, having been appointed artistic director of the Vancouver Chamber Choir, beginning the autumn term 2019. In June 2019, Elisa Huovinen, Master of Music, was appointed his successor as chief conductor of Akademiska Sångföreningen.[9]

List of chief conductors

Fredrik Pacius (1809–1891), conductor 1838–1846

Martin Wegelius (1846–1906), conductor 1870–1871 and 1873–1876

Nils-Eric Fougstedt (1910–1961), conductor 1946–1950

Erik Bergman (1911–2006), conductor 1950–1969

Henrik Otto Donner (1939–2013), conductor 1969–1976

The chief conductor is the artistic director of the choir.

Chief conductors[7][8][10][11][9][12]

From (semester)	To (semester) incl.	Consecutive tenure	Total tenure	Name	Notes
1838, spring	1846, spring	8+1⁄2 yrs	8+1⁄2 yrs	Fredrik Pacius	Founder
1846, autumn	1850, spring	4 yrs	4 yrs	August Lindelöf
Temporary conductors from the autumn semester of 1850 to the spring semester of 1857
1857, autumn	1860, spring	3 yrs	3 yrs	Gustaf Magnus Cederhvarf
1860, autumn	1864, spring	4 yrs	4 yrs	Henrik Gustaf Borenius
1864, autumn	1865, spring	1 yr	1 yr	Johannes Edvard Pacius
1865, autumn	1866, spring	1 yr	1 yr	Uno Kurtén	Appointed Honorary Member in 1920
1866, autumn	1868, spring	2 yrs	3 yrs	Lorentz Nikolai Achté
1868, autumn	1869, autumn	1+1⁄2 yrs	1+1⁄2 yrs	Nils Peter Paldani
1870, spring	1871, spring	1+1⁄2 yrs	4+1⁄2 yrs	Martin Wegelius
1871, autumn	1872, spring	1 yr	3 yrs	Lorentz Nikolai Achté
1872, autumn	1873, spring	1 yr	1 yr	David Hahl
1873, autumn	1876, spring	3 yrs	4+1⁄2 yrs	Martin Wegelius
1876, autumn	1879, spring	3 yrs	6+1⁄2 yrs	Gösta Sohlström	Appointed Honorary Member in 1915
1879, autumn	1879, autumn	2 yr	2 yr	Oscar Mechelin
1880, spring	1880, spring	2 yr	2 yr	Nils Kiljander
1880, autumn	1880, autumn	2 yr	2 yr	Jarl Werner Holmberg
1881, spring	1881, autumn	1 yr	1 yr	Edvard Rindell
1882, spring	1882, spring	2 yr	2 yr	Oscar W. Moberg
Interregnum from the autumn semester of 1882 to the spring semester of 1884
1884, autumn	1884, autumn	2 yr	2 yr	Artur Relander
1885, spring	1892, autumn	8 yrs	11+1⁄2 yrs	Carl von Knorring	Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1900, Honorary Member in 1910
1893, spring	1894, spring	1+1⁄2 yrs	2+1⁄2 yrs	Emil Leander
1894, autumn	1894, autumn	2 yr	11+1⁄2 yrs	Carl von Knorring	Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1900, Honorary Member in 1910
1895, spring	1895, autumn	1 yr	1 yr	Uno Öller
1896, spring	1899, spring	3+1⁄2 yrs	6+1⁄2 yrs	Gösta Sohlström	Appointed Honorary Member in 1915
1899, autumn	1902, spring	3 yrs	11+1⁄2 yrs	Carl von Knorring	Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1900, Honorary Member in 1910
1902, autumn	1903, spring	1 yr	2 yrs	Lennart Hallman
1903, autumn	1904, spring	1 yr	1 yr	Kurt Ångelin
1902, autumn	1905, spring	1 yr	2 yrs	Lennart Hallman
Vacancy during the autumn semester of 1905
1906, spring	1906, autumn	1 yr	1 yr	Gustaf Mattsson
Vacancy during the spring semester of 1907
1907, autumn	1908, spring	1 yr	1 yr	Alarik Uggla
1908, autumn	1909, spring	1 yr	1 yr	Thure Sandelin
1909, autumn	1911, spring	2 yrs	2 yrs	Gösta Enckell
1911, autumn	1912, spring	1 yr	2+1⁄2 yrs	Emil Leander
1912, autumn	1915, spring	3 yrs	3 yrs	Ragnar Hollmérus
1915, autumn	1920, spring	5 yrs	5 yrs	Olof Wallin
1920, autumn	1946, spring	26 yrs	26 yrs	Bengt Carlson	Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1932, Honorary Member in 1946
1946, autumn	1950, spring	4 yrs	4 yrs	Nils-Eric Fougstedt
1950, autumn	1969, spring	19 yrs	19 yrs	Erik Bergman	Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1961, Honorary Member in 1969
1969, autumn	1976, spring	7 yrs	7 yrs	Henrik Otto Donner
1976, autumn	1983, spring	7 yrs	7 yrs	Markus Westerlund
1983, autumn	1985, spring	2 yrs	2 yrs	Eric-Olof Söderström
1985, autumn	1990, spring	5 yrs	5 yrs	Tom Eklundh
1990, autumn	1997, spring	7 yrs	7 yrs	John Schultz	Joint conductorship with Henrik Wikström
1997, autumn	2008, spring	11 yrs	18 yrs	Henrik Wikström	Total tenure inclusive of joint conductorship with John Schultz
2008, autumn	2019, spring	11 yrs	11 yrs	Kari Turunen	Appointed Honorary Conductor in 2019
2019, autumn	2019, autumn	1⁄2 yr	1⁄2 yr	Riku Laurikka	Acting conductor
2019, autumn				Elisa Huovinen	Incumbent, conductor de facto from 2020, spring

List of presidents

The president is the chairman of the committee.

Presidents[13][14]

From	To	Name	Notes
No presidents proper before 1884
1884	1886	Hjalmar Londén
No presidents proper from 1886 to 1895
1896	1896	Ossian Schauman
No presidents proper from 1896 to 1902
1903	1905	Konstantin Bergman
1905	1907	Verner Hougberg
1908	1908	Guy Topelius
1908	1911	Bruno A. Norén
1911	1912	Gösta Juslén
1912	1912	Axel A. Mörne
1913	1913	Evert Ekroth	Acting
1913	1913	Widar Granholm
1914	1915	Gösta Schybergson
1916	1916	Evert Ekroth
1916	1918	Gunnar Pehrman
1919	1920	Torsten Sievers
1920	1921	Werner von Troil
1922	1923	Gösta Charpentier
1923	1925	Knut von Hertzen
1925	1926	Erik G. Såltin
1926	1926	Erik Vaenerberg
1927	1927	Håkan Lindberg
1927	1928	Randall Nybom
1928	1928	Olof Leineberg
1929	1931	Knut von Hertzen
1931	1932	Runar Hernberg
1932	1934	Öyvind Stadius
1934	1936	Carl-Erik Creutz
1937	1937	Gösta Th. Lindblad
1937	1940	Carl-Erik Creutz
1940	1944	Nils Westerholm
1945	1947	Olof Rosenius
1947	1949	Per Erik Floman
1949	1951	Bengt-Olof Nordman
1951	1952	Tor H. Krause
1952	1955	Eduard Pacius
1955	1957	Johan Lindberg
1957	1959	Carl-Mikael Tengström
1959	1961	Carl-Henrik von Hertzen
1961	1963	Christian Reims
1963	1965	Erik Kihlman
1965	1967	Christer Lindberg
1967	1968	Lars-Axel Lindberg
1968	1969	Bengt Rosenquist
1969	1970	Carl-Johan Lundström
1970	1972	Magnus Bargum
1972	1974	Marcus Borgström
1974	1975	Thomas Thesleff
1975	1976	Håkan Nylund
1976	1978	Ulf Sjöblad
1978	1980	Krister Blomqvist
1980	1982	Staffan Kurtén
1982	1983	Magnus Pousette
1983	1984	Kim Sjöholm
1984	1988	Johan Aalto	Appointed Honorary Member in 2013
1988	1990	Torkel Tallqvist
1990	1991	Björn Nykvist
1991	1992	René Söderman
1992	1993	Dominicus Björkstam
1993	1994	Martin Hartman
1994	1995	Ulf Ginman
1995	1995	Leif Bergström	Acting
1996	1997	Mathias Nylund
1998	2000	Dennis Holmlund	Appointed Honorary Member in 2023
2001	2003	Jonne Sandström
2004	2005	Sebastian Perret
2006	2007	Fredrik Welander
2008	2009	Mathias Westermarck
2010	2011	John Tallqvist
2012	2013	Kasper Sundström
2014	2015	Rasmus Kurtén
2016	2018	Alexander Zilliacus
2019	2019	Arthur Lindstedt
2020	2021	Johan Nyman
2022		Björn Schauman	Incumbent

Present activities

Erik Bergman conducting the choir on May Day 1968 in Helsinki

The Old Student House in Helsinki, where the choir rehearsed from inauguration in 1870 and throughout most of the 20th century, and as of 2016^[update] rehearses every other semester

The Balder House in Helsinki, where the choir as of 2016^[update] rehearses every other semester

Being the oldest extant male voice choir in Finland, Akademiska Sångföreningen has always cared particularly for the classical Finnish male voice repertoire. Among the composers whose compositions form part of the choir's standard repertoire are honorary members[15] Jean Sibelius, Selim Palmgren and Erik Bergman, as well as fellow composers Toivo Kuula and Leevi Madetoja.[16] Furthermore, being a Finland-Swedish organization, the choir has always seen it as a natural and important task to champion the Swedish-speaking minority culture in Finland. Hence, the standard repertoire encompasses not only choral works of Finnish and Finland-Swedish origin, but also many works of Swedish origin, for example by honorary member Hugo Alfvén.[15][16]

As implied by its name, the choir is an academic or students' choir, and like its Helsinki sister choir the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran (Swedish: Akademiska Damkören Lyran) an independent 'music corporation' (Swedish: musikkorporation, Finnish: musiikkikorporaatio) affiliated with the University of Helsinki. The choir presently comprises some 50 active singers, many of whom are university students. Concerts are given regularly in Finland, and the choir travels abroad frequently. In addition to most European countries, the choir has been on tour in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the United States,[17] Hong Kong, the Philippines, and Singapore.

Particularly in recent years, the choir has devoted itself to actively producing records, explicitly in order to document high quality male voice choir repertoire in Swedish. Apart from Swedish, the choir also sings in the parody language Transpiranto on the record Happi kvam pippi, which was released in 2006. A later album, Hymn to Finland, was produced by Swedish label BIS Records and documents works for male voice choir by founder Fredrik Pacius. The record was released on 19 March 2009, the 200th anniversary of Pacius' birth.

The choir maintains contacts with other similar choirs, in Finland in particular with male voice academic choirs Brahe Djäknar in Turku and the YL Male Voice Choir (Finnish: Ylioppilaskunnan Laulajat) in Helsinki, and in Sweden in particular with Orphei Drängar in Uppsala, Stockholm Academic Male Chorus (Swedish: Stockholms Studentsångare) in Stockholm, Linköping University Male Voice Choir (Swedish: Linköpings Studentsångare) in Linköping and Lund University Male Voice Choir (Swedish: Lunds Studentsångförening) in Lund.

Ever since 1954, the choir has collaborated extensively with the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran (Swedish: Akademiska Damkören Lyran),[18][19] the only other Swedish-language University of Helsinki choir. The two choirs give several annually recurring concerts together.[10][12]

Discography

Studio, live and selections albums primarily featuring the choir

Year	Title	Translation	Conductor(s)	Label	Format	Notes
1964	Akademiska Sångföreningen 1838–1963		Erik Bergman	The Finnish Broadcasting Company	LP	125th anniversary concert repertoire
1967	Bellman och serenader	'Carl Michael Bellman and serenades'	Erik Bergman	The Finnish Broadcasting Company	EP
1975	Studentsången i Kajsaniemi	'The students' singing in Kaisaniemi Park'	Henrik Otto Donner	Akademiska Sångföreningen	LP
1980	Etude		Markus Westerlund	Finlandia Records	LP
1983	Magnificat		Markus Westerlund	Finlandia Records	LP
1988	A la carte		Various	Akademiska Sångföreningen	LP	Selected live recordings from the Akademen à la carte concerts 1980–1987
1995	Första maj	'May Day'	John Schultz	Akademiska Sångföreningen	CD
1999	Julstämning	'Christmas spirit'	Henrik Wikström, Kari Turunen	Akademiska Damkören Lyran & Akademiska Sångföreningen	CD	Christmas album; in collaboration with the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran
2002	Skaparegestalter	'Creator figures'	Henrik Wikström	Fuga	CD
2005	För ögonblicket	'At the moment'	Henrik Wikström	Fuga	CD
2006	Happi kvam pippi		Henrik Wikström	Fuga	CD	Translations into the parody language Transpiranto
2009	Hymn to Finland: Fredrik Pacius: Works for Male-Voice Choir		Henrik Wikström	BIS Records	CD
2011	Julen vi minns	'The Christmas we remember'	Kari Turunen, Jutta Seppinen	Akademiska Damkören Lyran & Akademiska Sångföreningen	CD	Christmas album; in collaboration with the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran
2013	Från tidevarv till tidevarv	'From epoch unto epoch'	Various	Fuga	Triple CD	Selections album; released for the 175th anniversary
2013	Solglitter	'The sun's glistening'	Kari Turunen	Fuga	CD
2016	I Dreamt: Beställningsverken 2007–2013	'I Dreamt: Works commissioned 2007–2013'	Kari Turunen	Fuga	CD

Notes

1. Construed Swedish definite form related to akademisk, 'academic', but without lexical meaning.
2. Originally spelt Akademiska Sång-Sälskapet

Citations

1. Korhonen 2007, p. 29.
2. Dahlström 1988, p. 12.
3. Dahlström 1988, p. 13.
4. Theman & Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland n.d.
5. Dahlström 1988, pp. 35, 46.
6. Eerola n.d.
7. Dahlström 1988, p. 283.
8. Federley & Holmlund 2008, p. 217.
9. Akademiska Sångföreningen rf 2019a.
10. Akademiska Sångföreningen n.d.b.
11. Akademiska Sångföreningen n.d.c.
12. Akademiska Sångföreningen rf 2019b.
13. Dahlström 1988, pp. 284–285.
14. Federley & Holmlund 2008, pp. 221–223.
15. Dahlström 1988, p. 284.
16. Dahlström 1988, pp. 221–246.
17. Federley & Holmlund 2008, pp. 64–73, 119–130.
18. Ekström & Duncker 1963.
19. Dahlström 1988, p. 146.

References

• Anon., ed. (1920). Akademiska Sångföreningen 80 år [The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki 80 years] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Holger Schildts.
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• Akademiska Sångföreningen (n.d.b). "English". Akademen (Archived web page). Helsinki. Archived from the original on 14 December 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen (n.d.c). "Dirigenten" [The conductor]. Akademen (Archived web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Archived from the original on 6 February 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen (n.d.d). "Historia" [History]. Akademen (Archived web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Archived from the original on 7 February 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen (n.d.e). "Kören" [The choir]. Akademen (Archived web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Archived from the original on 6 February 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen (n.d.f). "Nyheter" [News]. Akademen (Archived web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Archived from the original on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen (n.d.g). "Sjung in" [Audition]. Akademen (Archived web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Archived from the original on 6 February 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen (n.d.h). "Skivor" [Albums]. Akademen (Archived web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Archived from the original on 7 February 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen (n.d.i). "Styrelsen" [The committee]. Akademen (Archived web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Archived from the original on 7 February 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen rf (2019a). "Dirigent" [Conductor]. Akademiska Sångföreningen (Web page) (in Swedish). n.l. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen rf (2019b). "In English". Akademiska Sångföreningen (Web page). n.l. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
• Akademiska Sångföreningen rf (2019c). "Kontakt" [Contact]. Akademiska Sångföreningen (Web page) (in Swedish). n.l. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
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• Bränn, Michaela, ed. (2013). Manskörssång i tid och rum. Akademiska Sångföreningen 1838–2013. 175-årsjubileumsskrift [Male voice choir singing in time and space. The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki 1838–2013. 175th anniversary publication] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Sångföreningen. ISBN 978-952-93-1792-9.
• Collan-Beaurain, Maria (1921). Fredrik Pacius. Lefnadsteckning [Fredrik Pacius. Biography] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Söderström & C:o.
• Dahlström, Fabian (1988). Paulig, Torsten & Thulé, Gustav (eds.). Akademiska Sångföreningen 1838–1988. 150-årsjubileumsskrift med historik [The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki 1838–1988. 150th anniversary publication with history] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Sångföreningen. ISBN 951-99926-3-4.
• Dahlström, Fabian (2009) [1st printed ed. 1982–1985; 2nd printed ed. 2003–2007]. "studentsång" [student singing]. In Ekberg, Henrik & Svenska folkskolans vänner (eds.). Uppslagsverket Finland (Printed and online encyclopedia) (in Swedish) (Online ed.). Helsinki: Svenska folkskolans vänner (Previous editions Schildts). Retrieved 20 November 2016.
• Duncker, Kaj, ed. (1948). Akademiska Sångföreningen 1938–1948. En krönika [The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki 1938–1948. A chronicle] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Sångföreningen.
• Eerola, Jari (n.d.). "History". Vanha Ylioppilastalo (Web page). Abridged. Helsinki: Royal Ravintolat. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
• Ekberg, Henrik & Svenska folkskolans vänner, eds. (2016) [1st printed ed. 1982–1985; 2nd printed ed. 2003–2007]. "Akademiska Sångföreningen" [The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki]. Uppslagsverket Finland (Printed and online encyclopedia) (in Swedish) (Online ed.). Helsinki: Svenska folkskolans vänner (Previous editions Schildts). Retrieved 20 November 2016.
• Ekström, Ralf & Duncker, Kaj, eds. (1963). Akademiska Sångföreningen 1938–1963 [The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki 1938–1963] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Sångföreningen.
• Federley, Stefan & Holmlund, Dennis, eds. (2008). Akademiska Sångföreningen 170 år. Sångarminnen 1988–2008 [The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki 170 years. Singer memories 1988–2008] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Sångföreningen. ISBN 978-952-92-3539-1.
• Finlands svenska manssångarförbund (n.d.). "Medlemskörer" [Member choirs]. Finlands svenska manssångarförbund (Web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
• Floman, Per Erik (1999). Om sång och spel och gemenskap [Of song and play and fellowship] (in Swedish). Helsinki.
• Helsingfors sång- och musikförbund (n.d.). "Medlemmar" [Members]. Helsingfors sång- och musikförbund (Web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
• Hirn, Julius (1910). Akademiska Sångföreningen 1840–1910. En återblick [The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki 1840–1910. A retrospect] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Sångföreningen.
• Holmqvist, Christian (2011). Sång ur vår själ. FSM 75. En bok om Finlands svenska manssångarförbund och finlandssvensk manssångskultur [Song from our soul. FSM 75. A book about the Finland-Swedish confederation of male voice singers and Finland-Swedish male voice singing culture] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Finlands svenska manssångarförbund. ISBN 978-952-92-9765-8.
• Jansson, Paul, ed. (1986). FSM 50. Finlands svenska manssångarförbund 1936–1986. Festskrift [FSM 50. The Finland-Swedish confederation of male voice singers 1936–1986. Anniversary publication] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Finlands svenska manssångarförbund.
• Korhonen, Kimmo (2007). Toivonen, Aarne (ed.). Inventing Finnish Music. Contemporary Composers from Medieval to Modern (PDF). Translated by Mäntyjärvi, Jaakko (2nd ed.). Helsinki: Finnish Music Information Centre. ISBN 978-952-5076-61-5.
• Kvist Dahlstedt, Barbro (2001). Suomis sång. Kollektiva identiteter i den finländska studentsången 1819–1917 [The song of Suomi. Collective identities in the Finnish student singing 1819–1917]. Studentsången i Norden (in Swedish). Vol. IV. University of Gothenburg. ISBN 91-85974-62-5.
• Lappalainen, Seija (2009) [Article first published online 2007]. "Pacius, Fredrik". In Knif, Henrik; Dahlberg, Julia; Forsén, Jeannette & Hertzberg, Fredrik (eds.). Biografiskt lexikon för Finland (Printed and online encyclopedia) (in Swedish). Vol. II (Online ed.). Helsinki: Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland (published 2014). ISBN 978-951-583-185-9. URN:NBN:fi:sls-4340-1416928956946.
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• Liljeroos, Mats (1 March 2016). "Osviklig känsla för manskör i klingande beställningsverk" [Unfailing feeling for male voice choir in resounding commissioned works]. Hufvudstadsbladet (News article) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
• Mäkelä, Tomi (2009). Fredrik Pacius, kompositör i Finland [Fredrik Pacius, composer in Finland] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland. ISBN 978-951-583-192-7.
• Nymark-Björkstam, Julia; Colliander, Nina & Harms-Aalto, Martina, eds. (1996). Upp att söka framtiden. Akademiska Damkören Lyran 50 [Up to seek the future. The Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran 50] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Damkören Lyran. ISBN 952-90-7310-0.
• Paulig, Torsten; Bergman, Roger; Duncker, Kaj & Thulé, Gustav, eds. (1978). 100 år med MM. 1878–1978 [100 years with the Merry Musicians. 1878–1978] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Sällskapet Muntra Musikanter. ISBN 951-99154-6-X.
• Rosas, John (1949). Fredrik Pacius som tonsättare [Fredrik Pacius as composer] (in Swedish). Turku: Åbo Akademi.
• Runn, Iris, ed. (2004a). Florakören vid Åbo Akademi r.f. 1944–2004. Historik [Florakören vid Åbo Akademi 1944–2004. History] (in Swedish). Vol. I. Turku: Eternellföreningen. ISBN 952-91-7233-8.
• Runn, Iris, ed. (2004b). Florakören vid Åbo Akademi r.f. 1944–2004. Historik [Florakören vid Åbo Akademi 1944–2004. History] (in Swedish). Vol. II. Turku: Eternellföreningen. ISBN 952-91-7283-4.
• Söderholm, Olle (1969). Manskörssången i Finland 1819–1969 [The male voice choir singing in Finland 1819–1969] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Finlands svenska manssångarförbund.
• Sohlström, Gösta (1913). Sångarminnen [Singer memories] (in Swedish). Helsinki.
• Sohlström, Gösta (1915). Några minnesblad ur Akademiska Sångföreningens historia 1840–1915 [Some notes from the history of the Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki 1840–1915] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Sångföreningen.
• Sommerschield, Finn E., ed. (1938). Akademiska Sångföreningen 1838–1938 [The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki 1838–1938] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Sångföreningen.
• Student Union of the University of Helsinki (n.d.a). "Culture organisations". HYY (Web page). Helsinki. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
• Student Union of the University of Helsinki (n.d.b). "HYY's history". HYY (Web page). Helsinki. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
• Student Union of the University of Helsinki (n.d.c). "Student Houses". HYY (Web page). Helsinki. Archived from the original on 7 April 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
• Svenska Nationer och Ämnesföreningar (n.d.). "Medlemmar" [Members]. SNÄf (Web page) (in Swedish). Helsinki. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
• Theman, Petra & Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, eds. (n.d.). "The Finnish National Anthem". thisisFINLAND (Web article). The Finland Promotion Board. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
• Thesleff, Thomas (1978). Akademen 1838–1978. Akademiska Sångföreningen. 140 år levande musik [Akademen 1838–1978. The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki. 140 years of live music] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Sångföreningen.
• Turunen, Kari (2008). A brief outline of Finnish Choral Music. Helsinki: Finnish Music Information Centre. ISBN 978-952-5076-67-7.
• Väresmaa, Livia, ed. (2006). Nya vägar. Akademiska Damkören Lyran 60 år [New roads. The Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran 60 years] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Damkören Lyran. ISBN 952-92-0040-4.

Further reading

• Anderson, Martin (2008). "Choral music as an amateur activity". Finnish Music Quarterly. Vol. 2008, no. 2. Helsinki.
• Andersson, Otto (1922). Johan Josef Pippingsköld och musiklivet i Åbo 1808–1827 [Johan Josef Pippingsköld and the musical life in Turku 1808–1827] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Holger Schildts.
• Bonsdorff, Lena von (2001). Barfota i cylinderhatt. Nils-Eric Fougstedt. En levnadsteckning [Barefoot in top hat. Nils-Eric Fougstedt. A biography] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Söderströms.
• Grandell, Åke (2002). "'Har du visor, min vän?' The Finnish-Swedish songs". Finnish Music Quarterly. Vol. 2002, no. 2. Translated by Gräsbeck, Magnus. Helsinki.
• Kilpiö, Markku (1987). "The story of the Finnish choir. Social institution and human instrument". Finnish Music Quarterly. Vol. 1987, no. 2. Helsinki.
• Länsiö, Tapani (1997). "Choral Singing! For pleasure or for hire?". Finnish Music Quarterly. Vol. 1997, no. 1. Helsinki.
• Nordman, Anna-Maria, ed. (2004). Ekot av vår glada trall. Finlands svenska sång- och musikförbund 75 år [The echo of our happy tune. The Finland-Swedish confederation of singing and music 75 years] (in Swedish). Vaasa: Finlands svenska sång- och musikförbund. ISBN 951-97926-5-1.
• Stadius, Anneli; Bergman, Anne; Enholm, Henrik; Holmlund, Britta & Stenman, Hedvig, eds. (1997). Den sång är oss kär. Helsingfors sång- och musikförbund 80 år 1917–1997 [The song is dear to us. The Helsinki singing and music confederation 80 years 1917–1997] (in Swedish). Helsinki: Helsingfors sång- och musikförbund. ISBN 952-90-9175-3.
• Turunen, Kari (1992). "From pathos to professionalism. 20th century Finnish choral music". Finnish Music Quarterly. Vol. 1992, no. 4. Helsinki.
• Turunen, Kari (1995). "Helsinki, driving force in Finnish choral life". Finnish Music Quarterly. Vol. 1995, no. 1. Helsinki.

External links

• Official website (in Swedish)
• Official English webpage
• University of Helsinki
• Student Union of the University of Helsinki
• Arkivet: "Akademiska sångföreningen är Finlands äldsta kör" (in Swedish)