1848 Dutch general election

General elections were held in the Netherlands on 30 November and 4 December 1848.[1] Held immediately after the Constitutional Reform of 1848, they were the first direct elections to the House of Representatives, and were the first to elect a States General to which government ministers would be responsible.[2] Voting was restricted to men over the age of 23, and who paid a certain level of taxation.[3] This limited the franchise to 55,728 people,[4] roughly 11% of the male population over 23, or 2.5% of the total population of the country.[3] Candidates were elected in districts in a two-round system; if no candidate received over 50% of the vote in the first round, the top two candidates would face a run-off.[3] The districts had one MP for every 45,000 inhabitants.[3]

As there were no official political parties until 1879,[5] all candidates were nominally independents.

Results

Party		Votes	%	Seats
	Independents			68
Total				68
Total votes		44,805	–
Registered voters/turnout		55,728	80.40
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

By district

Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, whose constitutional reform triggered the election, was elected in Leiden, but gave up his seat in 1849 to lead his first cabinet.

District	Member elected	Province	Group	Ref.
Alkmaar	Samuel Antony de Moraaz	North Holland	Thorbeckian liberal	[6]
Almelo	Dirk Donker Curtius	Overijssel	Pragmatic liberal	[7]
Amersfoort	Simon van Walchren	Utrecht	Pragmatic liberal	[8]
Amsterdam I	Michel Henry Godefroi	North Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[9]
Amsterdam II	Cornelis Backer	North Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[10]
Amsterdam III	Floris Adriaan van Hall	North Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[11]
Amsterdam IV	Johannes Sebastiaan van Naamen	North Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[12]
Amsterdam V	Jan Heemskerk Bzn.	North Holland	Thorbeckian liberal	[13]
Appingedam	Rembertus Westerhoff	Groningen	Thorbeckian liberal	[14]
Arnhem	Johan Nedermeyer van Rosenthal	Gelderland	Pragmatic liberal	[15]
Assen	Louis van Heiden Reinestein	Drenthe	Conservative	[16]
Bergen op Zoom	Karel Adrianus Meeussen	North Brabant	Thorbeckian liberal	[17]
Breda	Lambertus Dominicus Storm	North Brabant	Thorbeckian liberal	[18]
Brielle	Sebastiaan Hendrik Anemaet	South Holland	Thorbeckian liberal	[19]
Delft	Willem Wintgens	South Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[20]
Den Bosch	Johannes Luyben	North Brabant	Conservative liberal	[21]
Den Haag I	Willem Boreel van Hogelanden	South Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[22]
Den Haag II	Pieter Carel Schooneveld	South Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[23]
Deventer	Carel Storm van 's Gravesande	Overijssel	Pragmatic liberal	[24]
Doetinchem	Joannes van Nispen van Sevenaer	Gelderland	Pragmatic liberal	[25]
Dokkum	Isaäc ter Bruggen Hugenholtz	Friesland	Thorbeckian liberal	[26]
Dordrecht	Johannes Servaas Lotsy	South Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[27]
Edam	Willem Jan Cornelis van Hasselt	North Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[28]
Eindhoven	Johannes Franciscus van der Heijde	North Brabant	Pragmatic liberal	[29]
Elst	Adriaan Walraven Engelen	Utrecht	Pragmatic liberal	[30]
Enschede	Maximiliaan Jacob de Man	Overijssel	Pragmatic liberal	[31]
Franeker	Jacob Dirks	Friesland	Conservative	[32]
Goes	Philip Johannes Bachiene	Zeeland	Thorbeckian liberal	[33]
Gorinchem	Abraham Boxman	South Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[34]
Gouda	Gijsbertus Martinus van der Linden	South Holland	Thorbeckian liberal	[35]
Grave	Johannes Hengst	North Brabant	Pragmatic liberal	[36]
Groningen	Berend Wichers	Groningen	Thorbeckian liberal	[37]
Haarlem	Willem Hendrik van Voorst	North Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[38]
Harderwijk	Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer	Gelderland	Anti-revolutionary	[39]
Heerenveen	Nicolaas van Heloma	Friesland	Pragmatic liberal	[40]
Heerlen	Louis de Villers de Pité	Limburg	Pragmatic liberal	[41]
Helmond	Johannes Baptista Bots	North Brabant	Thorbeckian liberal	[42]
Heusden	Cornelis Schiffer	North Brabant	Conservative	[43]
Hoogeveen	Lodewijk Napoleon van Randwijck	Drenthe	Ultraconservative	[44]
Hoorn	Eko Theodorus Scheltinga Winterberg	North Holland	Conservative	[45]
Kampen	Albertus Jacobus Duymaer van Twist	Overijssel	Pragmatic liberal	[46]
Leeuwarden	Binse Albarda	Friesland	Pragmatic liberal	[47]
Leiden	Johan Rudolph Thorbecke	South Holland	Thorbeckian liberal	[48]
Leiderdorp	Gerardus Wouter Verweij Mejan	South Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[49]
Maastricht	Eduardus Josephus Hubertus Borret	Limburg	Conservative (Catholic)	[50]
Middelburg	Jan Jacob Slicher van Domburg	Zeeland	Pragmatic liberal	[51]
Nijmegen	Gustaaf Dommer van Poldersveldt	Gelderland	Conservative (Catholic)	[52]
Onderdendam	Geert Reinders	Groningen	Pragmatic liberal	[53]
Ridderkerk	Willem Wijnaendts	South Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[54]
Roermond	Johan Lodewijk Matthias Leclercq	Limburg	Pragmatic liberal	[55]
Rotterdam I	Engel Pieter de Monchy	South Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[56]
Rotterdam II	Abram van Rijckevorsel	South Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[57]
Ruurlo	Jacob van Zuylen van Nijevelt	Gelderland	Pragmatic liberal	[58]
Schiedam	Karel Arnoldus Poortman	South Holland	Thorbeckian liberal	[59]
Sittard	Johannes Jacobus Lambrechts	Limburg	Pragmatic liberal	[60]
Sluis	Daniël van Eck	Zeeland	Thorbeckian liberal	[61]
Sneek	Pieter Jacob Costerus	Friesland	Pragmatic liberal	[62]
Tilburg	Jacobus Arnoldus Mutsaers	North Brabant	Conservative (Catholic)	[63]
Utrecht	Jan Karel van Goltstein	Utrecht	Pragmatic liberal	[64]
Venlo	Pieter Lodewijk de Lom de Berg	Limburg	Conservative (Catholic)	[65]
Winschoten	Jan Freerks Zijlker	Groningen	Thorbeckian liberal	[66]
IJsselstein	Elisa Cornelis Unico van Doorn	Utrecht	Conservative	[67]
Zaandam	Hendrik Jan Smit	North Holland	Pragmatic liberal	[68]
Zaltbommel	Edmond Willem van Dam van Isselt	Gelderland	Pragmatic liberal	[69]
Zevenbergen	Franciscus Johannes Jespers	North Brabant	Thorbeckian liberal	[70]
Zierikzee	Gerrit Adriaan Fokker	Zeeland	Thorbeckian liberal	[71]
Zutphen	Willem Hendrik Dullert	Gelderland	Thorbeckian liberal	[72]
Zwolle	Bartholomeus Sloet tot Oldhuis	Overijssel	Thorbeckian liberal	[73]

References

1. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1395 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
2. Nohlen & Stöver, p1380
3. Nohlen & Stöver, p1384
4. Nohlen & Stöver, p1396
5. Nohlen & Stöver, p1393
6. "S.A. de Moraaz". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
7. "Mr. D. (Dirk) Donker Curtius". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
8. "Mr. S. van Walchren". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
9. "Mr. M.H. Godefroi". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
10. "Jhr.Mr. C. Backer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
11. "Mr. F.A. baron van Hall". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
12. "Mr. J.S. van Naamen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
13. "Mr. J. Heemskerk Bzn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
14. "Dr. R. Westerhoff". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
15. "Mr. J.Th.H. Nedermeijer ridder van Rosenthal". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
16. "Mr. L. graaf van Heiden Reinestein". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
17. "Mr. K.A. Meeussen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
18. "Mr. L.D. Storm". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
19. "Mr. S.H. Anemaet". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
20. "Mr. W. Wintgens". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
21. "Mr. J.L.A. Luyben". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
22. "Jhr.Mr. W. Boreel van Hogelanden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
23. "Mr. P.C. Schooneveld". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
24. "Jhr. C.M. Storm van 's-Gravesande". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
25. "Jhr. J.A.Ch.A. van Nispen van Sevenaer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
26. "I.Th. Ter Bruggen Hugenholtz". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
27. "Mr. J.S. Lotsy". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
28. "J.F. van der Heijde". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
29. "Mr. W.J.C. van Hasselt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
30. "Mr.Dr. A.W. Engelen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
31. "Mr. M.J. de Man". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
32. "Mr. J. Dirks". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
33. "Ph.J. Bachiene". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
34. "Mr. A. Boxman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
35. "Mr. G.M. van der Linden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
36. "Mr. J.B.J. Hengst". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
37. "Mr. B. Wichers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
38. "Mr. W.H. van Voorst". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
39. "Mr.Dr. G. (Willem) Groen van Prinsterer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
40. "Mr. N. van Heloma". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
41. "Jhr. L.L.G.M. Villers de Pité". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
42. "Mr. J.B. Bots". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
43. "C. Schiffer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
44. "Mr. L.N. graaf van Randwijck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
45. "E.Th. Scheltinga Winterberg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
46. "Mr. A.J. Duymaer van Twist". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
47. "Mr. B. Albarda". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
48. "Dr.Mr. J.R. Thorbecke". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
49. "Mr. G.W. Verweij Mejan". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
50. "Mr. E.J.H. Borret". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
51. "Mr. J.J. Slicher van Domburg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
52. "Jhr. G.E.G.C.K. Dommer van Poldersveldt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
53. "G. Reinders". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
54. "Mr. W. Wijnaendts". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
55. "Mr. J.L.M. Leclercq". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
56. "Mr. J.L.M. Leclercq". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
57. "A. (Abram) van Rijckevorsel Hzn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
58. "Mr. J.P.P. baron van Zuylen van Nijevelt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
59. "Mr. K.A. Poortman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
60. "J.J. Lambrechts". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
61. "Mr. D. van Eck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
62. "Dr. P.J. Costerus". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
63. "Mr. J.A. Mutsaers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
64. "Mr. J.K. baron van Goltstein". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
65. "Mr. P.L. de Lom de Berg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
66. "J.F. Zijlker". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
67. "E.C.U. van Doorn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
68. "Mr. H.J. Smit". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
69. "E.W. van Dam van Isselt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
70. "Mr. F.J. Jespers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
71. "Mr. G.A. Fokker". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
72. "Mr. W.H. Dullert". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
73. "Mr. B.W.A.E. baron Sloet tot Oldhuis". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.