1626

1626 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1626; MDCXXVI
Ab urbe condita	2379
Armenian calendar	1075; ԹՎ ՌՀԵ
Assyrian calendar	6376
Balinese saka calendar	1547–1548
Bengali calendar	1033
Berber calendar	2576
English Regnal year	1 Cha. 1 – 2 Cha. 1
Buddhist calendar	2170
Burmese calendar	988
Byzantine calendar	7134–7135
Chinese calendar	乙丑年 (Wood Ox); 4323 or 4116; — to —; 丙寅年 (Fire Tiger); 4324 or 4117
Coptic calendar	1342–1343
Discordian calendar	2792
Ethiopian calendar	1618–1619
Hebrew calendar	5386–5387
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1682–1683
- Shaka Samvat	1547–1548
- Kali Yuga	4726–4727
Holocene calendar	11626
Igbo calendar	626–627
Iranian calendar	1004–1005
Islamic calendar	1035–1036
Japanese calendar	Kan'ei 3; (寛永３年)
Javanese calendar	1547–1548
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar	3959
Minguo calendar	286 before ROC; 民前286年
Nanakshahi calendar	158
Thai solar calendar	2168–2169
Tibetan calendar	阴木牛年; (female Wood-Ox); 1752 or 1371 or 599; — to —; 阳火虎年; (male Fire-Tiger); 1753 or 1372 or 600

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	16th century; 17th century ; 18th century;
Decades:	1600s; 1610s; 1620s ; 1630s; 1640s;
Years:	1623; 1624; 1625; 1626 ; 1627; 1628; 1629;

1626 (MDCXXVI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 1626th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 626th year of the 2nd millennium, the 26th year of the 17th century, and the 7th year of the 1620s decade. As of the start of 1626, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

January 7 – Polish-Swedish War: Battle of Wallhof in Latvia – Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, defeats a Polish army.
January 9 – Peter Minuit sails from Texel Island for America's New Netherland colony, with two ships of Dutch emigrants.
February 2 – King Charles I of England is crowned, but without his wife, Henrietta Maria, who declines to participate in a non-Catholic ceremony.^[1]
February 5 – The Huguenot rebels and the French government sign the Treaty of Paris, ending the second Huguenot rebellion.
February 10 – Battle of Ningyuan: In Xingcheng in China, after an 8-day battle, Ming dynasty commander Yuan Chonghuan defeats the much larger force of Manchu leader Nurhaci, who dies soon after and is succeeded by Huang Taiji.
February 11 – Emperor Susenyos of Ethiopia and Patriarch Afonso Mendes declare the primacy of the Roman See over the Ethiopian Church, and Roman Catholicism the state religion of Ethiopia.
March 5 – The Treaty of Monzón is signed between France and Spain to end the Valtellina War and the First Genoese-Savoyard War.
March 7 – Ambrósio I Nimi a Nkanga becomes the new monarch of Kongo (in what is now Angola) after the overthrow of Garcia I Mvemba a Nkanga, restoring the Kwilu dynasty to power.
March 15 – Portugal declares war on Queen Nzinga of the Kingdom of Ndongo, located in what is now Angola.

April 25 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Dessau Bridge – Albrecht von Wallenstein defeats Ernst von Mansfelds army.
May 4 – Peter Minuit becomes director-general of New Netherland, for the Dutch West India Company.
May 24 – Peter Minuit buys Manhattan from a Native American tribe (Lenape or Shinnecock) for trade goods, valued at 60 guilders ($24.00).
May 30 – Wanggongchang Explosion in Beijing, China: a gunpowder factory explosion destroys part of the city and kills 20,000 people.^[2]
June 15 – King Charles I of England dissolves the English Parliament.^[3]
June 20 – Nine Jesuit Christian missionaries, six of them Japanese and three from Spain, are executed in Japan, followed by eight Japanese converts to Christianity on July 12.
June 28 – A 7.0 magnitude earthquake strikes Lingqiu County, in China, killing 5,200 residents.

July 4 – The Ottoman Army halts its attempt to retake Baghdad from the Persians, after having lost it in 1624.
July 27 – George II becomes the new Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt upon the death of his father, Louis V.
August 1 – Eighty Years' War: Ernst Casimir of Nassau-Dietz retakes Oldenzaal, forcing Spain to withdraw from Overijssel.
August 27 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Lutter – Tilly defeats King Christian IV of Denmark's army.^[4]
September 30 – Nurhaci, chief of the Jurchens and founder of the Qing dynasty, dies and is succeeded by his son Hong Taiji.

November 6 (O.S.) – The ship Arms of Amsterdam arrives in Europe from New Netherland (left September 23) with the news: "They have purchased the Island Manhattes [Manhattan] from the Indians for the value of 60 guilders."^[5]
November 18 – The new St Peter's Basilica in the Vatican is consecrated, on the 1,300th anniversary of the previous church in 326.
December 1 – Pasha Muhammad ibn Farukh, tyrannical Governor of Jerusalem, is forced out.
December 20 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and Transylvanian monarch Bethlen Gabor sign the Peace of Pressburg.

1626 influenza pandemic begins in Asia, then spreads into Europe, Africa, North America,^[6]^[7] and South America.^[6]
The Würzburg and Bamberg witch trials, which will lead to the mass executions of hundreds of people until 1630/31, begin.
Samuel de Champlain decides to build Cap tourmente (Kap toor-mont) Farm to raise livestock to provide food for settlers in Quebec, rather than depending on supplies sent from France.^[8]
Establishment of the coastal settlement of Salem, Massachusetts.^[9]