14th century in philosophy

This is a timeline of philosophy-related events in the 14th century.

Events

• 1324 - William of Ockham was ordered to Avignon to defend his interpretation of Peter Lombard's Sentences (1150) before the papal court.[1]
• 1365 - The University of Vienna was founded by Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria.
• 1370 - A Vietnamese Confucian mandarin, Lê Quát, unsuccessfully attempted to have Buddhism, the favoured religion of the Trần dynasty, declared heretical.[2]
• 1384 - Ibn Khaldun became Professor of the Qamhiyyah Madrasah in Egypt.[3]

Publications

• 1323 - The Summa Logicae, William of Ockham.
• 1377 - The Muqaddimah, Ibn Khaldun.
• 1390 - Iphak doseol, Kwŏn Kŭn.
• 1397 - Sambong chip, Chŏng Tojŏn.

Births

• 1320 - Albert of Saxony (d.1390), German philosopher and mathematician.
• 1328 - Yi Saek (d.1396), Korean writer, poet and philosopher at Sungkyunkwan academy.[4]
• 1332 - Ibn Khaldun (d.1406), Arab Islamic scholar, philosopher, historian and sociologist.[3]
• 1337 - Chŏng Mong-ju (d.1392), Korean statesman, diplomat, philosopher, poet, calligrapher and reformist of the Goryeo period.[5]
• 1342 - Chŏng Tojŏn (d.1398), Korean scholar-official during the late Goryeo to the early Joseon periods.
• 1352 - Kwŏn Kŭn (d.1409), one of the first Neo-Confucian scholars of the Joseon dynasty.
• 1353 - Kil Chae (d.1419), Korean scholar-official near the end of the Goryeo dynasty.[6]
• 1380 - Nguyễn Trãi (d. 1442), Vietnamese Confucian scholar, poet and politician.
• 1396 - Chŏng Inji (d.1478), Korean historian and Neo-Confucian scholar.

Deaths

• 1306 - An Hyang (b.1243), Korean Confucian scholar.
• 1308 - John Duns Scotus (b.1255/6), Scottish Catholic priest and Franciscan friar, university professor, philosopher and theologian.[7]
• 1316 - Pietro d'Abano (b.1357[Note 1]), Italian philosopher, astrologer, physician and professor of medicine in Padua.[8]
• 1316 - Ramon Llull, philosopher, theologian and poet from Parma.
• 1317[Note 2] - Purna Prajna (b.1278[Note 3]), Indian philosopher, theologian and proponent of the Dvaita school of Vedanta.[9]
• 1322 - Petrus Aureoli (b.1280), scholastic philosopher and theologian.[10]
• 1328 - Meister Eckhart (b.1260), German Catholic priest, theologian, philosopher and mystic.
• 1333 - Wú Chéng (b.1249), Neo-Confucian thinker in the late Song dynasty and Yuan dynasty.
• 1342 - U T'ak, (b.1262), Korean Neo-Confucian scholar and philosopher during the Goryeo dynasty.
• 1345 - Cheng Duanli (b.1271), Neo-Confucian scholar of the Yuan Dynasty.
• 1347 - Abner of Burgos (b.1270), Castilian polemical writer and Jewish philosopher who converted to Christianity.[11]
• 1347 - William of Ockham (b.1287), Franciscan friar, scholastic philosopher, apologist, and theologian from Surrey.[12]
• 1358 - Adam of Wodeham (b.1298), English philosopher and theologian.[13]
• 1370 - Chu Văn An (b.1292), Confucian, teacher, physician, and high-ranking mandarin of the Trần dynasty in Đại Việt.
• 1390 - Albert of Saxony (b.1320), German philosopher and mathematician.
• 1391 - Mādhavācārya (b.1296), Indian scholar usually identified with Vidyaranya, the jagadguru of the Sringeri Sharada Peetham from 1374-1380 until 1386.[14]
• 1392 - Chŏng Mong-ju (b.1337), Korean statesman, diplomat, philosopher, poet, calligrapher and reformist of the Goryeo period.
• 1396 - Yi Saek (b.1328), Korean, writer, poet and philosopher at Sungkyunkwan academy.[4]
• 1398 - Chŏng Tojŏn (b.1342), Korean scholar-official during the late Goryeo to the early Joseon periods.

See also

• List of centuries in philosophy

Further reading

• Frederick Denison Maurice. Moral and Metaphysical Philosophy. New Edition. Macmillan and Co. London. 1872. Volume 2 ("Fourteenth century to the French Revolution with A Glimpse into the Nineteenth Century"). Chapter 1 ("The Fourteenth Century"). Pages 1 to 33.
• William J Courtenay. Changing Approaches to Fourteenth-Century Thought. Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. 2007. (Etienne Gilson series, volume 29). Google Books.
• Stephen F Brown, Thomas Dewender and Theo Kobusch (eds). Philosophical Debates at Paris in the Early Fourteenth Century. Brill. Leiden and Boston. 2009. Google Books

Notes

1. Date of birth also given as 1246 and 1250.
2. Date of death also given as 1278.
3. Date of birth also given as 1199.

References

1. Olson, Roger E. (1999). The story of Christian theology: twenty centuries of tradition & reform. Downers Grove, Ill: InterVarsity Press. ISBN 978-0-8308-1505-0.
2. Ly, Hieu Tung (2021-09-01). "Impacts of Confucianism on Vietnamese culture". International Communication of Chinese Culture. 8 (3): 347–361. doi:10.1007/s40636-021-00228-y. ISSN 2197-4241.
3. Syed Farid Alatas (2014). Applying Ibn Khaldun: the recovery of a lost tradition in sociology. Routledge advances in sociology. London New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 978-1-138-12596-4.
4. Herald, Korea (2022-05-06). "[Scholars and their Spaces] Sowing the seeds of Korean Neo-Confucianism, Yi Saek and Munheonsewon". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2025-05-04.
5. dayhist.com. "Chŏng Mong-ju: The Iconic Korean Scholar and Diplomat". dayhist.com. Retrieved 2025-05-05.
6. Yi, Ki-baek (1984). A new history of Korea (in English and Korean). Cambridge, Mass: Published for the Harvard-Yenching Institute by Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-61575-5.
7. Williams, Thomas (2019), Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.), "John Duns Scotus", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2019 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2025-05-04
8. Premuda, Loris. "Abano, Pietro D'." in Dictionary of Scientific Biography. (1970). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. Vol. 1: p.4-5.
9. "Madhva | Vedanta, Dvaita & Bhagavata | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2025-05-04.
10. "On Auriol – The Peter Auriol Homepage". Retrieved 2025-05-04.
11. Szpiech, Ryan (2006). From Testimonia to Testimony: Thirteenth-Century Anti-Jewish Polemic and the Mostrador de justicia of Abner of Burgos/Alfonso of Valladolid. Dissertation, Yale University. hdl:2027.42/64011.
12. Spade, Paul Vincent; Panaccio, Claude; Pelletier, Jenny (2025), Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.), "William of Ockham", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2025 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2025-05-04
13. Slotemaker, John T.; Witt, Jeffrey C. (2025), Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.), "Adam de Wodeham", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2025 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2025-05-04
14. "Biography of Sri Vidyaranya". www.sringeri.net. Retrieved 2025-05-04.