1175

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	11th century 12th century 13th century
Decades:	1150s 1160s 1170s 1180s 1190s
Years:	1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178

1175 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1175 MCLXXV
Ab urbe condita	1928
Armenian calendar	624 ԹՎ ՈԻԴ
Assyrian calendar	5925
Balinese saka calendar	1096–1097
Bengali calendar	582
Berber calendar	2125
English Regnal year	21 Hen. 2 – 22 Hen. 2
Buddhist calendar	1719
Burmese calendar	537
Byzantine calendar	6683–6684
Chinese calendar	甲午年 (Wood Horse) 3872 or 3665     — to — 乙未年 (Wood Goat) 3873 or 3666
Coptic calendar	891–892
Discordian calendar	2341
Ethiopian calendar	1167–1168
Hebrew calendar	4935–4936
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1231–1232
- Shaka Samvat	1096–1097
- Kali Yuga	4275–4276
Holocene calendar	11175
Igbo calendar	175–176
Iranian calendar	553–554
Islamic calendar	570–571
Japanese calendar	Jōan 5 / Angen 1 (安元元年)
Javanese calendar	1082–1083
Julian calendar	1175 MCLXXV
Korean calendar	3508
Minguo calendar	737 before ROC 民前737年
Nanakshahi calendar	−293
Seleucid era	1486/1487 AG
Thai solar calendar	1717–1718
Tibetan calendar	阳木马年 (male Wood-Horse) 1301 or 920 or 148     — to — 阴木羊年 (female Wood-Goat) 1302 or 921 or 149

William of Tyre (c. 1130–1186)

Year 1175 (MCLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Britain

• King Henry II begins living openly with his mistress Rosamund Clifford, raising suspicions about their relationship and alienating Henry's wife, Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine.[1]
• Eleanor of Aquitaine is held under house arrest at Old Sarum Castle in Wiltshire. She is kept in comfort there – fine clothes for her are dispatched regularly from London.[2]
• Treaty of Windsor: High King Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair (or Roderic O'Conner) relinquishes his title and agrees to submit to Henry II as vassal of Connacht in Ireland.
• Winter – The Massacre of Abergavenny ends with several Welsh noblemen dead, at the orders of Lord William de Braose.

Europe

• Under the admirals of the clan Banu Mardanish, an Almohad fleet suffers a large defeat at the hand of the Portuguese, as they are trying to re-conquer Lisbon.[3]
• Vordingborg Castle is completed by King Valdemar I (the Great) of Denmark as a defensive fortress.
• The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in Italy is founded.

Levant

• May 22 – A group of Isma'ili Assassins gains access into Saladin's camp and attempts to kill him during the siege of Aleppo. But his bodyguard saves his life, the others are slain while trying to escape.[4]

Asia

• The Chinese court establishes several government-paper money factories in the cities of Chengdu, Hangzhou and Huizhou. In Hangzhou alone a daily workforce of more than 1,000 men is employed.[5]
• The Namayan Kingdom formed by a confederation of barangays, reaches its peak on Luzon (modern Philippines).[6]

By topic

Religion

• The High Academy of the Bosnian Church in Moštre (modern-day Visoko), is first mentioned in the Vatican archives.
• Count Raymond of Tripoli appoints William II as chancellor of Jerusalem and is elected as archbishop of Tyre.

Births

• February 4 – Nadaungmya, king of Burma (d. 1235)
• Al-Zahir, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (d. 1226)
• Emo of Friesland, Frisian scholar and abbot (d. 1237)
• Frederick I (the Catholic), duke of Austria (d. 1198)
• Henry Audley (or Aldithel), English nobleman (d. 1246)
• Herman II, German nobleman (House of Lippe) (d. 1229)
• Hōjō Tokifusa, Japanese nobleman and monk (d. 1240)
• Margaret of Hungary, Byzantine empress (d. 1223)
• Michael Scot, Scottish mathematician and scholar (d. 1232)
• Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (House of Welf) (d. 1218)
• Philip I (the Noble), margrave of Namur (d. 1212)
• Raymond of Penyafort, Spanish Dominican friar (d. 1275)
• Robert Grosseteste, English statesman (d. 1253)
• Roger III, king of Sicily (House of Hauteville) (d. 1193)
• Śārṅgadeva, Indian musicologist and writer (d. 1247)
• Subutai, Mongol general and strategist (d. 1248)
• Theodore I (Laskaris), emperor of Nicaea (d. 1221)
• Yolanda, empress of the Latin Empire (d. 1219)

Deaths

• January 12 – Yi Ui-bang, Korean military leader (b. 1121)
• January 24 – Ibn Asakir, Syrian historian and mystic (b. 1105)
• March 5 – Frederick of Hallum, Frisian priest and abbot
• May 15 – Mleh I, prince of Armenia ("Lord of the Mountains")
• May 25 – Ishoyahb V, patriarch of the Church of the East
• July 1 – Reginald de Dunstanville, English nobleman (b. 1110)
• July 27 – Ponce de Minerva, French nobleman and general
• October 19 – Andrew of Saint Victor, English abbot and scholar
• November 13 – Henry of France, archbishop of Reims (b. 1121)
• Ibn Saad al-Khair al-Balancy, Arab Andalusian linguist and poet (b. 1116)
• Clementia of Zähringen, duchess of Bavaria and Saxony
• Maria Torribia (or la Cabeza), Spanish laywoman and hermit
• Nicholas Hagiotheodorites, Byzantine scholar and official

References

1. King John by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 26.
2. Weir, Alison (2008). Eleanor of Aquitaine: By the Wrath of God, Queen of England, pp. 154–155. ISBN 978-0-09-952355-0.
3. Picard C. (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, p.77.
4. David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Command - Saladin, pp.20–21. ISBN 978-1-84908-317-1.
5. Needham, Joseph (1986). Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5: Part 1, p. 48. Cambridge University Press.
6. "About Pasay  - History: Kingdom of Namayan". Pasay city government. City Government of Pasay. Archived from the original on September 21, 2010. Retrieved February 5, 2008.