Íñigo López de Mendoza, 4th Duke of the Infantado

Coat of arms of the House of Mendoza.

Íñigo Lopez de Mendoza y Pimentel, 4th Duke of the Infantado (Spanish: IV Duque del Infantado, 9 December 1493 – 17 September 1566) was a Spanish nobleman.[1][2] He was made a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1546, the 193rd to receive that distinction.[1] Duke of the Infantado is a title first granted in 1475 and was inherited upon his father's death in 1531. He was also 5th Count of Saldaña, 4th Marquess of Argüeso, 4th Marquess of Campóo, 5th Marquess of Santillana, 5th Count of Real de Manzanares, Señor de Mendoza, Señor de Hita, and Señor de Buitrago.[3]

Family

He was the eldest son of Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y de Luna, 3rd Duke of the Infantado (1461–1531)[4][5][6][7] and María Pimentel[4][8][9] a daughter of the 4th Count and 1st Duke of Benavente, Rodrigo Alonso Pimentel and María Pacheco Portacarerro, hence also known as María Pimentel y Pacheco.[8] His father the 3rd Duke was, like himself, a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece, knighted in 1519, number 156 of that order.[4]

He had a brother, Rodrigo de Mendoza, 1st Marquess of Montesclaros (or Montes-Claros) and a sister, Ana de Mendoza, who married Luis de La Cerda, 1st Marquess of Cogolludo.[8] Juan Miguel Soler Salcedo in Nobleza Española. Grandeza Inmemorial 1520 lists all of these. He also says that he had an older brother, Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Pimentel, who died no later than 1531, and lists numerous younger siblings: Martín Hurtado de Mendoza y Pimentel, a second Rodrigo (Rodrigo Hurtado de Mendoza y Pimentel), Francisco Hurtado de Mendoza y Pimentel, Brianda Hurtado de Mendoza y Pimentel, Francisca Hurtado de Mendoza y Pimentel, Marina Hurtado de Mendoza y Pimentel, and another Brianda.[7]

Career

He had only a limited influence at Court, because of his initial sympathy for the Revolt of the Comuneros, for which he was imprisoned by his father. At his court in Guadalajara, there circulated Lutheranist and Erasmist ideas, little short of heresy at that time.[citation needed]

He was a cultured man, who expanded significantly the library started by his ancestor Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Santillana.[10]

In 1560, the duke entertained widower King Philip II of Spain, who was traveling to collect one of his wives, the 17-year-old French Princess Elizabeth of Valois, (1543–1568), first promised to one of Philip's sons, Carlos, Prince of Asturias. The wedding took place in his residence and the Mendoza family hosted the court for several weeks.[citation needed]

Marriage and descendants

Palace of the Dukes of the Infantado, Guadalajara, Spain.

On 10 October 1513, the eventual 4th Duke married Isabel de Aragón y Portugal. Her father was Enrique de Aragón y Pimentel, 1st Duke of Segorbe[3][11] (Calatayud, 1445 – Castelló d'Empúries, 1522),[12] also known as "Infante Fortuna".[13] Her mother was a Portuguese woman, Guiomar de Portugal y Noronha[14] (c. 1455 or c. 1468 – 1516).

They had 13 surviving children, ten sons and three daughters.[15] The eldest, Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, 4th Count of Saldaña, also known as Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Aragón, named after his grandfather, died in 1566, earlier in the year than Íñigo López de Mendoza himself.[3][16] His marriage to María de Mendoza, 3rd Marquise of Cenete united the Marquisate of Cenete with the Duchy of Infantado.[17]

Therefore, the 5th Duke of the Infantado was the 4th Duke's grandson, namely, Íñigo Lopez de Mendoza y de Mendoza or Iñigo Lopez de Mendoza, 5th Duke of the Infantado (15 March 1536 – 20 August 1601),[18] who, in 1552, married Luisa Enríquez de Cabrera (? – 18 February 1603).

The 5th Duke had only one male child, named Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Enriquez de Cabrera, who was Count of Saldaña, but he must have died before 1601 or perhaps ran into political problems, because one of his four sisters inherited the ducal title.[citation needed] The 6th Duchess of the Infantado was Ana de Mendoza, (1554 – 11 August 1633).[19] The 7th Duke was Gomez de Sandoval y Mendoza, grandson of the 6th Duchess.[citation needed] The 7th Duke's mother Luisa was a daughter of the 6th Duchess's first marriage, with another Mendoza—Rodrigo de Mendoza—from this complicated family.[17]

It was not unusual for the Mendoza family, prominent since the last third of the 14th century, to retain the name Mendoza, even with natural brothers and sisters and even where the most common patterns of the time would have dropped that surname, in such a way that one named Hurtado de Mendoza (as is the case here) names his son as Lopez de Mendoza, while the brother was only a Mendoza and the daughters chose to be known as Mendoza; any other kind of name was added to Mendoza, using the names of mothers—Pimentel for example—or even grandmothers. (This was distinct from the present-day Spanish naming customs under which a person takes two surnames, the first from his or her father and the second from his or her mother.) This makes it very difficult to track the lineage of the Mendoza family.[citation needed]

An example of carrying a maternal name can be found when the name of the 3rd Duke is given in forms including de Luna or de la Luna.[6] His mother (the 4th Duke's paternal grandmother), was a María de Luna,[4] the daughter of Álvaro de Luna,[20] Constable of the Kingdom of Castile, beheaded in 1453.[21]

Notes

  1. ^ a b Inigo Lopez de Mendoza, 4. duque de Infantado (sic for 'Inigo'), geneall.net. Accessed online 11 February 2010. Gives a birthdate of 1493 and a death date of 1566.
  2. ^ Both Soler Salcedo (p. 244) and Carrasco give a birth date of 9 December 1493 and a death date of 17 September 1566, and (unlike the other cited sources) gives the form of his name including "y Pimentel".
  3. ^ a b c Soler Salcedo, p. 244.
  4. ^ a b c d Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, 3. duque de Infantado, geneall.net. Accessed online 11 February 2010. Cites specifically for eldest son.
  5. ^ Soler Salcedo, p. 243 cites specifically for eldest son.
  6. ^ a b For an example of his name being given with the form y de Luna, see Crónica de D. Alvaro de la Luna, Condestable de los Reinos de Castilla y León..., Volume 5 of Colección de las crónicas y memórias de los Reyes de Castilla; Madrid: A. de Sancha, 1784. p. 438. Available online on Google Books. Similarly, the form "Don Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Luna" is used in Helena Sánchez Ortega, Los gitanos españoles desde su salida de la India hasta los primeros conflictos en la península, Espacio, Tiempo y Forma, Serie IV, H/ Moderna, t. 7, 1994, 319:353; p. 333 (p. 14 of PDF) and in Soler Salcedo, p. 243.
  7. ^ a b Soler Salcedo, p. 244 says he had an elder brother, Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Pimentel, who died before their father (meaning before 1531) and that this brother was the 4th Count of Saldaña. He also lists several other siblings not mentioned in other sources.
  8. ^ a b c Maria Pimentel (sic for 'Maria'), geneall.net. Accessed online 11 February 2010.
  9. ^ Soler Salcedo, p. 243.
  10. ^ Los Mendoza:El Cuarto Duque del Infantado.
  11. ^ Isabel de Aragón, geneall.net. Accessed online 11 February 2010.
  12. ^ Enrique de Aragón, 1. duque de Segorbe, geneall.net. Accessed online 12 February 2010.
  13. ^ Enrique de Aragón "Infante Fortuna", Fundación Medinaceli. Accessed online 12 February 2010.
  14. ^ Bragança (English: Braganza) is a city and district in Portugal and the name of a ducal and later royal house.
  15. ^ Soler Salcedo, p. 244–246 lists the thirteen children and many of their descendants. The thirteen children are also listed at Isabel de Aragón and Inigo Lopez de Mendoza, 4. duque de Infantado, both on geneall.net, accessed online 11 February 2010. Other sources listed above for the 4th Duke and for Isabel de Aragón give partial lists.
  16. ^ Soler Salcedo refers to this son as the 6th Count of Saldaña; Diego Mendoza y Aragón, Fundación Medinaceli, accessed online 2010-02-12, says he is the 4th Count of Saldaña, and gives a death date of 23 March 1566.
  17. ^ a b Cenete, Grandes de España. Accessed online 12 February 2010.
  18. ^ Soler Salcedo, p. 245, 247.
  19. ^ Ana de Mendoza, Fundación Medinaceli. Accessed online 12 February 2010.
  20. ^ María de Luna, geneall.net. Accessed online 11 February 2010.
  21. ^ Meyer Kayserling, Álvaro de Luna, Jewish Encyclopedia, Funk and Wagnalls (1901–1906); accessed online at jewishencyclopedia.com, 11 February 2010.

References

  • Ana Belen Sánchez Prieto, La Casa de Mendoza: hasta el tercer Duque del Infantado, 1350–1531 : el ejercicio y alcance del poder señorial en la Castilla bajomedieval . Colección Nueva Historia Política. Madrid : Ed. Palafox y Pezuela, (2001). ISBN 84-930310-7-0
  • Helen Nader: The Mendoza Family in the Spanish Renaissance, 1350 to 1550. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, (1979). 275 pages. ISBN 0-8135-0876-2. Translated into Spanish by Jesús Valiente Malla with the title of Los Mendoza y el Renacimiento Español. Guadalajara, (1985) and consulted in Spanish. Available at http://libro.uca.edu/mendoza/mendoza.htm.
  • Helen Nader: (Editor), Power and Gender in Renaissance Spain: Eight Women of the Mendoza Family, 1450–1650. (Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2003). 224 pages. ISBN 0-252-07145-X.
  • Juan Miguel Soler Salcedo, Nobleza Española. Grandeza Inmemorial 1520, Editorial Visión Libros, ISBN 84-9886-179-9. A partial version is available online at Google Books.
  • Carrasco Martínez, Adolfo. "Íñigo López de Mendoza y Pimentel". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.
Preceded by
Duke of the Infantado
1531–1566 		Succeeded by