Papar paksa

Papar paksa, sehari-hari "pemaksaan" atau "kelompok pemaksaan", adalah membawa manusia menjadi seorang militer atau angkatan laut dengan paksaan, dengan atau tanpa pemberitahuan. Angkatan laut dari beberapa negara menggunakan perekrutan paksa dengan berbagai cara.

Referensi

Catatan informasi

Kutipan

Daftar pustaka

Brunsman, Denver, "The Evil Necessity: British Naval Impressment in the Eighteenth-Century Atlantic World" (Univ. of Virginia Press: 2013) ISBN 978-0-8139-3351-1
Cray, Robert E., "Remembering the USS Chesapeake: The Politics of Maritime. Death and Impressment," Journal of the Early Republic (Fall 2005) vol 25 pp 445–74.
Curtis, Edward, The Organization of the British Army in the American Revolution. 1972, ISBN 0-85409-906-9
Dancy, J. Ross. The Myth of the Press Gang: Volunteers, Impressment and the Naval Manpower (2015)
Ennis, Daniel James. Enter the Press-Gang: Naval Impressment in Eighteenth-Century British Literature (University of Delaware Press, 2002).
Lewis, Michael. A Social History of the Navy 1793-1815 (1960).
Mercer, Keith. "North Atlantic Press Gangs: Impressment and Naval-civilian Relations in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, 1749--1815" (PhD Dissertation, Dalhousie U, 2008) online free^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
Miller, Nathan. Sea of Glory, 1974, ISBN 0-679-50392-7
Nash, Gary, The Urban Crucible, The Northern Seaports and the Origins of the American Revolution, 1986, ISBN 0-674-93058-4
Rodger, N. A. M. The Wooden World: An Anatomy of the Georgian Navy. W. W. Norton and Company, 1986.
Rodger, N. A. M. The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, 1649–1815. W. W. Norton and Company, 2004.
Rogers, Nicholas "The Press Gang: Naval Impressment and its Opponents in Georgian Britain" (2007) ISBN 978-1-8528-5568-0
Sawtell, Clement Cleveland, "Impressment of American Seamen by the British," Essex Institute Historical Collections 76#4 (October 1940): pp. 314–44.
Selement, George. "Impressment and the American Merchant Marine 1782–1812: an American View." The Mariner's Mirror 59#4 (1973): 409-418.
Smith, Page, A new age now begins, 1976, ISBN 0-07-059097-4
Steel, Anthony (1952). "Impressment in the Monroe-Pinkney Negotiation, 1806-1807". The American Historical Review. American Historical Association. 57 (2): 352–69. doi:10.2307/1849880. ISSN 1937-5239. JSTOR 1849880.
Usher, Roland G., Jr. (1951). "Royal Navy Impressment During the American Revolution". The Mississippi Valley Historical Review. Organization of American Historians. 37 (4): 673–88. doi:10.2307/1889363. ISSN 0161-391X. JSTOR 1889363.

Pranala luar

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Impressment". Encyclopædia Britannica (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press.
The Impress Service, basic article on "press gangs" in British ports, charged with impressing sailors into the Navy.
example of impressment of HMS Pandora crew in 1790.
PBS documentary on War of 1812 with chapter on impressment Diarsipkan 2011-10-02 di Wayback Machine.

Papar paksa

Referensi

Daftar pustaka

Pranala luar

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