Jalur Amsterdam–Haarlem–Rotterdam

Jalur Amsterdam–Haarlem–Rotterdam Oude Lijn
Jalur Amsterdam–Haarlem–Rotterdam Oude Lijn Wikipedia | Kode sumber | Tata penggunaan <mapframe>: Isi JSON bukan GeoJSON+simplestyle yang sah. Daftar ini menunjukkan semua upaya untuk menafsirkannya menurut Skema JSON. 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enumeration ["Point"] /4/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["MultiPoint"] /4/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["LineString"] /4/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["MultiLineString"] /4/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["Polygon"] /4/coordinates: The property coordinates is required /4: Failed to match exactly one schema /4/geometry: The property geometry is required /4/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["Feature"] /4/features: The property features is required /4/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["FeatureCollection"] /5/properties/stroke: Does not match the regex pattern ^#?([0-9a-fA-F]{3}){1,2}$ /5/geometries: The property geometries is required /5/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["GeometryCollection"] /5/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["MultiPolygon"] /5/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["Point"] /5/type: Does not have a value in the enumeration ["MultiPoint"] 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Ikhtisar
Nama asli	Oude Lijn
Status	Operasional
Lokasi	Belanda
Terminus	Stasiun Amsterdam Centraal Stasiun Rotterdam Centraal
Stasiun	6
Operasi
Dibuka	1839–1847
Operator	Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Data teknis
Panjang lintas	86 km (53 mi)
Jenis rel	Jalur ganda
Lebar sepur	1.435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Elektrifikasi	1,5 kV DC

Jalur kereta api Amsterdam–Haarlem–Rotterdam, atau dikenal juga sebagai Oude Lijn ("jalur lama") membentang dari Amsterdam Centraal ke Rotterdam Centraal melalui Haarlem (dan Den Haag).

Mulai Desember 2011, jalur kereta ini digunakan oleh semua kereta langsung dari Amsterdam ke Den Haag, dan semua kereta langsung yang bebas dari biaya tambahan dari Amsterdam ke Rotterdam, kecuali yang melalui Woerden.

Jalur ini adalah jalur kereta api tertua di Belanda yang mengikuti rute kanal perahu tua (trekschuit) dari Leiden melalui Haarlem ke Amsterdam-Sloterdijk. Jalur ini dibuka antara tahun 1839 dan 1847 oleh Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij. Penamaan Oude Lijn selain karena jalur ini adalah jalur kereta tertua di Belanda, namun juga untuk membedakannya dari Nieuwe Lijn, yang merupakan jalur alternatif dari stasiun Amsterdam Weesperpoort melalui Woerden dan Gouda ke stasiun Rotterdam Maas, yang dibuka pada tahun 1869. Bagian tertua dari jalur ini dibuka pada tahun 1839, dimulai dari Amsterdam ke Haarlem. Rute ke Leiden dan Den Haag dicapai pada tahun 1843, dan bagian terakhir dari Den Haag ke Rotterdam dibuka pada bulan Juni 1847.^[1]

Jalur ini dibangun dengan sepur lebar (1.945 mm). Konversi ke sepur standar (1.435 mm) dilakukan pada periode 1865–1866 agar dapat terhubung ke jalur lain yang sudah ada dengan sepur standar. Pertama, jalur baru dibangun (dengan sepur standar), di mana setelah jalur baru mulai digunakan, jalur lama dapat diubah menjadi sepur standar. Oleh karena itu, Oude Lijn juga menjadi jalur ganda.^[2][3]

Pembukaan jalur kereta Weesp–Leiden (1978) dan jalur kereta Amsterdam–Schiphol (1986) menyediakan koneksi yang lebih pendek dari Leiden ke Amsterdam, melalui Bandara Schiphol. Meskipun demikian, jalur lama melalui Haarlem tetap menjadi jalur kereta api yang penting.

Pada bulan Maret 2015, sebuah terowongan dan stasiun baru dibuka di Delft, melewati bekas stasiun kereta api dan jembatan. Saat ini pembangunan jalur kereta menjadi empat jalur sedang berlangsung setelah tertunda cukup lama.^[4]

1. ^ De Bosch Kemper, M.J. (1865). Handleiding tot de kennis van de wetenschap der zamenleving en van het Nederlandsche staatsregt. Amsterdam: Johannes Müller. hlm. 883.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
2. ^ "Nederlandsche staatscourant". Nederlandsche staatscourant. 1866-04-13. Diakses tanggal 2024-03-08. 
3. ^ "Nieuwe Rotterdamsche courant : staats-, handels-, nieuws- en advertentieblad". Nieuwe Rotterdamsche courant : staats-, handels-, nieuws- en advertentieblad. 1867-03-15. Diakses tanggal 2024-03-08. 
4. ^ "English summary". Spoorzone Delft.