Sebuah diagram yang menunjukkan bagaimana lubang gerusan terbentuk
Gerusan jembatan adalah proses terbawanya sedimen, seperti pasir dan kerikil, dari sekitar jembatan, abutmen, atau pilar. Gerusan hidrodinamik disebabkan oleh aliran air yang cepat hingga membentuk lubang gerusan di dasar sungai, mengurangi integritas struktur.[1]
Di Amerika Serikat, gerusan merupakan satu dari tiga penyebab utama keruntuhan jembatan (selain tabrakan dan kelebihan muatan). Diperkirakan sekitar 60% kegagalan struktur jembatan di Amerika Serikat disebabkan oleh penggerusan dan penyebab hidrolis lainnya.[2] Penggerusan menjadi penyebab utama kegagalan jembatan di jalan bebas hambatan di Amerika Serikat,[3] dengan 46 dari 86 kegagalan struktur jembatan diakibatkan oleh gerusan dekat pilar antara tahun 1961 hingga 1976.[4]
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