Fulbert Youlou

Fulbert Youlou
Fulbert Youlou
	Fulbert Youlou pada 1963
Presiden Republik Kongo ke-1
	Masa jabatan; 15 Agustus 1960 – 15 Agustus 1963
	Pendahulu; Tidak ada Pengganti; Alphonse Massemba-Débat
Perdana Menteri Republik Kongo ke-2
	Masa jabatan; 8 Desember 1958 – 21 November 1959
	Pendahulu; Jacques Opangault Pengganti; Pasca pelengseran, 1959–1963; Alphonse Massemba-Débat
Informasi pribadi
Lahir	19 Juli 1917; Madibou, Moyen-Congo
Meninggal	6 Mei 1972 (umur 54); Madrid, Spanyol
Kebangsaan	Kongo
Partai politik	Uni Demokratik untuk Pertahanan Kepentingan Afrika
	Sunting kotak info • L • B

Abbé Fulbert Youlou (9 Juni,^[1] 17 Juni^[2] atai 9 Juli 1917^[3] – 6 Mei 1972) adalah seorang politikus, pemimpin nasionalis dan pendeta Katolik Roma Brazzaville-Kongo yang dilaisasikan, yang menjadi Presiden Congo-Brazzaville pertama pada masa kemerdekaannya.

Abbé Fulbert Youlou adalah salah satu tokoh paling kontroversial di Congo-Brazzaville, selama berdekade-dekade ia menjadi subyek anathema di negaranya.

Referensi

^ ^a ^b In African Powder Keg: Revolt and Dissent in Six Emergent Nations, author Ronald Matthews lists Youlou's date of birth as 9 June 1917. This date is also listed in Annuaire parlementaire des États d'Afrique noire, Députés et conseillers économiques des républiques d'expression française (1962). Matthews (1966), hlm. 169; Annuaire parlementaire des États d'Afrique noire: Députés et conseillers économiques des républiques d'expression française, Paris: Annuaire Afrique, 1962, OCLC 11833110
^ ^a ^b In Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African-American Experience, Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and K. Anthony Appiah list Youlou's date of birth as 17 June 1917. Appiah & Gates (1999), hlm. 2036
^ ^a ^b The Encyclopedia of World Biography by Gale Research Company lists Youlou's date of birth as 19 July 1917. Gale Research Company (1999), hlm. 466

Daftar pustaka

Amin, Samir; Coquery-Vidrovitch, Catherine (1969). Histoire économique du Congo 1881–1968. Éditions Anthropos. ASIN B000WID61A.
Boutet, Rémy (1990). Les trois glorieuses ou la chute de Fulbert Youlou. Collection Afrique contemporaine. Éditions Chaka. ISBN 2907768050.
Bernault, Florence (1996). Démocraties ambiguës en Afrique centrale: Congo-Brazzaville, Gabon, 1940-1965 (dalam bahasa Prancis). Paris: Karthala. ISBN 2-86537-636-2. OCLC 36142247.
Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy (1997). Les voies du politique au Congo : essai de sociologie historique. Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-86537-739-8.
Clark, John F. (1997). "Congo: Transition and the Struggle to Consolidate". Dalam Clark, John F.; Gardinier, David E. Political Reform in Francophone Africa. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. ISBN 0-8133-2785-7. OCLC 35318507.
Daggs, Elisa (1970). All Africa: All Its Political Entities of Independent Or Other Status. New York: Hastings House. ISBN 0-8038-0336-2. OCLC 82503.
Decraene, Philippe (1973). "Congo-Brazzaville". Éncyclopédie Universalis. 4. hlm. 891–892.
Gale Research Company (1999). Encyclopedia of World Biography. 16. Detroit, MI: Gale Research Company. ISBN 0-7876-2221-4. OCLC 37813530.
Italiaander, Rolf (1961). The New Leaders of Africa. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. OCLC 565528.
Kouvibidila, Gaston-Jonas (2001). La marche à rebours 1940-1991. Histoire du multipartisme au Congo-Brazzaville. 1. Éditions L'Harmattan.
Lentz, Harris M. (1994). Heads of States and Governments: A Worldwide Encyclopedia of Over 2,300 Leaders, 1945 through 1992. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company. ISBN 0-89950-926-6. OCLC 30075961.
Matthews, Ronald (1966). African Powder Keg: Revolt and Dissent in Six Emergent Nations. London: The Bodley Head. OCLC 246401461.
Mbandza, Joseph (2004). Pauvreté et modèles de croissance en Afrique subsaharienne: le cas du Congo-Brazzaville (1945–2000). Éditions Publibook.
Mengisteab, Kidane; Daddieh, Cyril, ed. (1999). State Building and Democratization in Africa. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-275-96353-5. OCLC 39013781.
Terray, Emmanuel (1964). "Les révolutions congolaise et dahoméenne de 1963". Revue française de science politique. 14 (5): 918–925. doi:10.3406/rfsp.1964.403464.
Young, Eric (1999). "Youlou, Fulbert". Dalam Appiah, Kwame Anthony; Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience. New York, NY: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-00071-1. OCLC 41649745.

Pranala luar

Media tentang Fulbert Youlou di Wikimedia Commons

Jabatan politik
Didahului oleh: Jacques Opangault	Perdana Menteri Republik Kongo 1958–1959	Diteruskan oleh: Alphonse Massemba-Débat pasca pelengseran, 1959–1963
Didahului oleh: (tidak ada)	Presiden Republik Kongo 1960–1963	Diteruskan oleh: Alphonse Massemba-Débat

[birth1-1] In African Powder Keg: Revolt and Dissent in Six Emergent Nations, author Ronald Matthews lists Youlou's date of birth as 9 June 1917. This date is also listed in Annuaire parlementaire des États d'Afrique noire, Députés et conseillers économiques des républiques d'expression française (1962). Matthews (1966), hlm. 169; Annuaire parlementaire des États d'Afrique noire: Députés et conseillers économiques des républiques d'expression française, Paris: Annuaire Afrique, 1962, OCLC 11833110

[birth2-2] In Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African-American Experience, Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and K. Anthony Appiah list Youlou's date of birth as 17 June 1917. Appiah & Gates (1999), hlm. 2036

[birth3-3] The Encyclopedia of World Biography by Gale Research Company lists Youlou's date of birth as 19 July 1917. Gale Research Company (1999), hlm. 466

[1]

[2]

[3]

Fulbert Youlou

Referensi

Daftar pustaka

Pranala luar

A PHP Error was encountered

A PHP Error was encountered

A PHP Error was encountered