Filira

Filira
Philyra e Saturno oleh Parmigianino Lukisan minyak pada panel dari abad ke-16.
Dewi minyak wangi, pengobatan, keindahan, tulisan, dan kertas
Orang tua	Okeanos dan Tethis
Anak	Kheiron
Nama lain	Philyra
l b s

Dalam mitologi Yunani, Filira (bahasa Yunani: Φιλύρα) atau Philyra (/ˈfɪlərə/) adalah seorang Okeanid, putri dari Okeanos dan Tethis.[1][2] Kheiron adalah putra Filira dari hubungannya dengan Kronos.[3][4] Filira merupakan dewi minyak wangi, tulisan, pengobatan, keindahan, dan kertas. Dia yang mengajari manusia membuat kertas.

Dalam mitologi

Ketika Kronos dan Filira sedang bercinta di Gunung Pelion[5], Rhea istri Kronos mendatangi mereka. Karena tidak ingin ketahuan, Kronos berubah menjadi kuda jantan dan kabur. Karena itu, keturunan mereka berbentuk setengah manusia, setengah kuda.[6][7]

Ketika melahirkan Kheiron, Filira merasa jijik dengan wujud putranya dan langsung membuangnya. Dia memohon kepada para dewa untuk mengubah dirinya menjadi apa pun selain antropomorfik karena dia malu memiliki anak yang mengerikan. Para dewa, khususnya Zeus, mengubahnya menjadi pohon limau.[8]

Dalam beberapa versi, Filira dan Khariklo, istri Kheiron, merawat Akhilles muda.[9] Tempat tinggal Kheiron di Pelion (tempat murid-muridnya dibesarkan) dikenal sebagai "gua Philyra".[10] Kheiron sering disebut dengan Philyrides matronim atau sejenisnya.[11] Kronos dan Filira kemungkinan memiliki dua putra lain yakni Dolops dan Aphrus, nenek moyang dan eponim dari Aphroi, yaitu penduduk asli Afrika.[12][13]

Referensi

1. Scholia on Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 2.1235 citing Pherecydes; Hyginus, Fabulae 138 Diarsipkan 2018-06-15 di Wayback Machine.. Compare with Callimachus, Hymn 1 to Zeus 33–36
2. Bane, Theresa (2013). Encyclopedia of Fairies in World Folklore and Mythology. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. hlm. 273. ISBN 9780786471119. 
3. Atsma, Aaron J. (200-2008). "Philyra". Theoi Project. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-03-09. Diakses tanggal 6-3-2011.  Periksa nilai tanggal di: |accessdate= (bantuan)
4. Apollodorus 1.2.4 Diarsipkan 2021-10-29 di Wayback Machine.; Hyginus, De Astronomica 2.38.1 Diarsipkan 2021-08-15 di Wayback Machine.; Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 7.56.3 Diarsipkan 2021-02-06 di Wayback Machine.; Tzetzes on Lycophron, Alexandra 1200.
5. Callimachus, Hymn 4 to Delos 104 ff. Diarsipkan 2021-10-29 di Wayback Machine.
6. Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 2.1231-1237, with scholia on 2.1235 citing Pherecydes & 1.554
7. Virgil, Georgics 3.92-94 Diarsipkan 2021-10-26 di Wayback Machine.
8. Hyginus, Fabulae 138 Diarsipkan 2018-06-15 di Wayback Machine.
9. Pindar, Pythian Odes 4.102 ff Diarsipkan 2021-10-29 di Wayback Machine.; scholia on Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4.813
10. Pindar, Nemean Odes 3.43 Diarsipkan 2021-10-29 di Wayback Machine.; Callimachus, Hymn 4 to Delos 118 Diarsipkan 2021-10-29 di Wayback Machine.; Nonnus, Dionysiaca 48.40 Diarsipkan 2021-08-22 di Wayback Machine.
11. Hesiod, Theogony 1002 Diarsipkan 2021-10-29 di Wayback Machine.; Pindar, Pythian Odes 3.1 Diarsipkan 2021-10-29 di Wayback Machine.; Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 1.554; Argonautica Orphica 450 Diarsipkan 2021-10-28 di Wayback Machine.; Virgil, Georgics 3.549 Diarsipkan 2021-10-29 di Wayback Machine.
12. Suida, Suda Encyclopedia s.v. Aphroi
13. Hyginus, Fabulae Preface Diarsipkan 2019-03-29 di Wayback Machine.

Bacaan tambahan

• Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica translated by Robert Cooper Seaton (1853-1915), R. C. Loeb Classical Library Volume 001. London, William Heinemann Ltd, 1912. Online version at the Topos Text Project. Diarsipkan 2021-02-25 di Wayback Machine.
• Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica. George W. Mooney. London. Longmans, Green. 1912. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library Diarsipkan 2021-06-18 di Wayback Machine..
• Callimachus, Callimachus and Lycophron with an English translation by A. W. Mair ; Aratus, with an English translation by G. R. Mair, London: W. Heinemann, New York: G. P. Putnam 1921. Internet Archive.
• Callimachus, Works. A.W. Mair. London: William Heinemann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1921. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library Diarsipkan 2021-08-24 di Wayback Machine..
• Hesiod, Theogony from The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, MA.,Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Diarsipkan 2015-08-23 di Wayback Machine. Greek text available from the same website Diarsipkan 2021-08-12 di Wayback Machine..
• Hyginus, Gaius Julius, Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project Diarsipkan 2019-03-29 di Wayback Machine..
• Hyginus, Gaius Julius, Astronomica from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project Diarsipkan 2021-08-15 di Wayback Machine..
• Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca translated by William Henry Denham Rouse (1863-1950), from the Loeb Classical Library, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1940. Online version at the Topos Text Project. Diarsipkan 2021-08-22 di Wayback Machine.
• Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca. 3 Vols. W.H.D. Rouse. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1940-1942. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library Diarsipkan 2021-02-25 di Wayback Machine..
• Pindar, Odes translated by Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Diarsipkan 2021-03-06 di Wayback Machine.
• Pindar, The Odes of Pindar including the Principal Fragments with an Introduction and an English Translation by Sir John Sandys, Litt.D., FBA. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1937. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library Diarsipkan 2021-09-29 di Wayback Machine..
• Pliny the Elder, The Natural History. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S. H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A. London. Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street. 1855. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Diarsipkan 2019-07-09 di Wayback Machine.
• Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia. Karl Friedrich Theodor Mayhoff. Lipsiae. Teubner. 1906. Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library. Diarsipkan 2021-10-30 di Wayback Machine.
• Publius Vergilius Maro, Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Vergil. J. B. Greenough. Boston. Ginn & Co. 1900. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Diarsipkan 2021-08-12 di Wayback Machine..
• Suida, Suda Encyclopedia translated by Ross Scaife, David Whitehead, William Hutton, Catharine Roth, Jennifer Benedict, Gregory Hays, Malcolm Heath Sean M. Redmond, Nicholas Fincher, Patrick Rourke, Elizabeth Vandiver, Raphael Finkel, Frederick Williams, Carl Widstrand, Robert Dyer, Joseph L. Rife, Oliver Phillips and many others. Online version at the Topos Text Project. Diarsipkan 2021-02-25 di Wayback Machine.
• The Orphic Argonautica, translated by Jason Colavito. Copyright 2011. Online version at the Topos Text Project. Diarsipkan 2021-10-28 di Wayback Machine.
• Apollodorus, Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Diarsipkan 2021-10-29 di Wayback Machine..

Pranala luar

• PHILYRA from the Theoi Project Diarsipkan 2023-06-03 di Wayback Machine.