Pelengkung Konstantinus

Pelengkung Konstantinus
Pelengkung Konstantinus
Lokasi	Forum
Dibangun di	315 Masehi
Dibangun oleh/untuk	Konstantinus I
Jenis struktur	Pelengkung kemenangan
Hal terkait	Daftar monumen kuno di Roma
Pelengkung Konstantinus

Pelengkung Konstantinus (bahasa Italia: Arco di Costantino) adalah sebuah pelengkung kemenangan di Roma, yang terletak di antara Colosseum dan Lembah Palatine. Pelengkung tersebut didirikan oleh Senat Romawi untuk memperingati kemenangan Konstantinus I atas Maxentius di Pertempuran Jembatan Milvian pada 312. Didedikasikan pada 315, pelengkung tersebut merupakan pelengkung kemenangan Romawi terbesar.[1] Pelengkung tersebut berada di sepanjang Via triumphalis, sebuah jalan yang diambil oleh para kaisar saat mereka memasuki kota tersebut dalam kemenangan.

Lihat pula

• Daftar pelengkung kemenangan Romawi

Catatan

Kutipan

1. Watkin, David (2011). A History of Western Architecture: Fifth Edition. London: Laurence King Publishing. hlm. 87. 

Referensi

• Aicher, Peter J. (2004). Rome alive : a source-guide to the ancient city. Wauconda, Ill.: Bolchazy-Carducci. ISBN 9780865164734. Diakses tanggal 19 October 2015. 
• Bandinelli, Ranuccio Bianchi; Torelli, Mario (1992). L'arte dell'antichità classica. Volume 2: Etruria-Roma (dalam bahasa Italian) (edisi ke-2nd). Torino: Utet. ISBN 9788877501950. Diakses tanggal 23 October 2015. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
• Barnes, Timothy D. (1981). Constantine and Eusebius. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-16531-1. 
• Conforto, Maria Letizia (2001). Adriano e Costantino: le due fasi dell'arco nella valle del Colosseo (dalam bahasa Italian). Milan: Electa. Diakses tanggal 21 October 2015. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
• Deane, Sidney N, ed. (January–March 1921). "Archaeological News July December 1920". American Journal of Archaeology. 25 83-109 (1): 83–109. Diakses tanggal 26 October 2015. 
• Elsner, Jaś (2000). "From the culture of spolia to the cult of relics: the Arch of Constantine and the genesis of late antique forms". Papers of the British School at Rome. 68: 149–184. doi:10.1017/S0068246200003901. Diakses tanggal 25 October 2015. 
• Ferris, Iain (2013). The Arch of Constantine: Inspired by the Divine. Stroud: Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 9781445635446. Diakses tanggal 25 October 2015. 
• Follo, Valentina; Harris, Beth; Zucker, Steven (2015). "Arch of Constantine" (video). Art of the Ancient Mediterranean: Roman. Khan Academy. Diakses tanggal 21 October 2015. 
• Frothingham, A. L. (July 1912). "Who Built the Arch of Constantine? Its History from Domitian to Constantine". American Journal of Archaeology. 16 (3): 368. doi:10.2307/497194. 
• Gradara, C (1918). "Restauri settecenteschi fatti all'Arco di Costantino". Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Communale di Roma (dalam bahasa Italian). 46: 161–164. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
• Kitzinger, Ernst (1977). Byzantine art in the making: Main lines of stylistic development in mediterranean art, 3rd-7th century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press. ISBN 9780674089556. Diakses tanggal 21 October 2015. 
  • Review: Art Bulletin 1979
• Pensabene, Patrizio; Panella, Clementina, ed. (2001). Arco di Costantino: tra archeologia e archeometria (dalam bahasa Italian). Rome: "L'Erma" di Bretschneider. ISBN 9788882650360. Diakses tanggal 21 October 2015. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)

Bacaan tambahan

Buku

• Bonamente, Giorgio (ed.) 1992. Costantino il Grande dall'Antichità all'Umanesimo; Atti del 2. colloquio sul Cristianesimo nel mondo antico, Università di Macerata, 18-20 dicembre 1990
• Ewald, Björn C.; Noreña, Carlos F., ed. (2010). The emperor and Rome : space, representation, and ritual. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521519533. 
• Frothingham, Arthur Lincoln (2012). Who Built the Arch of Constantine?: Its History from Domitian to Constantine. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 9781477633144. Diakses tanggal 29 October 2015. 
• Lanciani, Rodolfo Amedeo (1892). Pagan and Christian Rome. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin. Diakses tanggal 25 October 2015. 
• Lenski, Noel, ed. (2012) [2006]. The Cambridge companion to the Age of Constantine (edisi ke-Revised). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107013407. Diakses tanggal 26 October 2015. 
• L'Orange, Hans Peter; Gerkan, Armin von (1939). Der spätantike Bildschmuck des Konstantinsbogens. Berlin: de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110022490. Diakses tanggal 26 October 2015. 
• Middleton, John Henry (1892). The remains of ancient Rome. London: Adam and Charles Black. Diakses tanggal 25 October 2015. 
• Richardson, Lawrence (1992). A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9780801843006. Diakses tanggal 28 October 2015. 
• Ryberg, Inez Scott (1967). Panel Reliefs of Marcus Aurelius (Monographs on archaeology and the fine arts, 14. ASIN: B0006BQ1JW). NY: Archaeological Institute of America. Diakses tanggal 25 October 2015. 
  • Contents
• Varner, Eric R. (2004). Monumenta Graeca et Romana. damnatio memoriae and Roman imperial portraiture. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 90-04-13577-4. 
• Weitzmann, Kurt, ed. (1979). Age of spirituality : late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century : catalogue of the exhibition at the Metropolitan museum of art, November 19, 1977, through February 12, 1978. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 9780870991790. Diakses tanggal 26 October 2015. 

Artikel dan bab

• Bieber, Margarete (1911). "Die Medaillons am Konstantinsbogen". Mitteilungen des Kaiserlich Deutschen Archaeologischen Instituts, Roemische Abtheilung (dalam bahasa german): 214–237. Diakses tanggal 26 October 2015. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
• Jones, H. Stuart (1906). "Notes on Roman historical sculptures: II The Relief-Medallions of the Arch of Constantine". Papers of the British School at Rome. 3: 229–251. Diakses tanggal 26 October 2015. 
• Jones, Mark Wilson (March 2000). "Genesis and Mimesis: The Design of the Arch of Constantine in Rome". The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 59 (1): 50–77. doi:10.2307/991562. 
• Koeppel, Gerhard (1986). "Die historischen Reliefs der römischen Kaiserzeit IV: Stadtrömische Denkmäler unbekannter Bauzugehörigkeit aus hadrianischer bis konstantinischer Zeit". Bonner Jahrbücher. 186: 1–90. 
• Marlowe, Elizabeth (June 2006). "Framing the Sun: The Arch of Constantine and the Roman Cityscape". The Art Bulletin. 88 (2): 223–242. doi:10.1080/00043079.2006.10786288.  (Full text available on line Diarsipkan 2014-01-24 di Wayback Machine.)
• Marlowe, Elizabeth (2010). Liberator Urbis Suae: Constantine and the Ghost of Maxentius.  in (Ewald & Noreña 2010, pp. 199–219)
• Patrizio Pensabene (1992). Il reimpiego nell'età costantiniana a Roma, in Bonamente, Giorgio 1992 Pt. 2 p. 749-768

Pranala luar

• 1960 Summer Olympics official report. Diarsipkan 2012-10-27 di Wayback Machine. Volume 1. p. 80.
• 1960 Summer Olympics official report. Diarsipkan 2008-02-26 di Wayback Machine. Volume 2, Part 1. p. 118.
• The Arch of Constantine Diarsipkan 2010-11-28 di Wayback Machine., a detailed article "for scholars and enthusiasts"
• Inscriptions illustrated and discussed
• Google Maps satellite image
• Guided tour of the Arch of Constantine on Roma Interactive Diarsipkan 2013-06-09 di Wayback Machine.

41°53′23″N 12°29′27″E