约瑟夫·洛克

约瑟夫·洛克
Joseph Rock
1926年时的洛克
出生(1884-01-13)1884年1月13日
 奥匈帝国维也纳
逝世1962年12月5日(1962歲—12—05)(78歲)
 美国夏威夷州檀香山
国籍 美国
科学生涯
研究领域植物学生物学地理学
机构国家地理学会美国农业部

约瑟夫·查尔斯·弗朗西斯·洛克(Joseph Francis Charles Rock,1884年1月13日—1962年12月5日),美籍奥地利探险家植物学家地理学家语言学家[1]。曾于20世纪初,以美国《國家地理雜誌》、美國農業部哈佛大学植物研究所的探险家,撰稿人、摄影家的身份到云南边境以及西藏考察。

生平

1884年生于奧地利维也纳,1907年移居美国夏威夷檀香山,并在此成为植物群落专家。1911年进入夏威夷大学,主要从事植物学研究工作,建立了当地第一所植物标本馆,并在1911-1920年间担任馆长。1913年获得美国国籍[2]

1920年离开夏威夷大学,启程前往亚洲进行探险考察[3]

洛克的植物探索旅程启航于泰国缅甸印度阿萨姆地区,最初旨在找寻大风子树[4]。从1922年到1949年,“植物猎人”洛克在中国云南四川甘肃东南以及西藏东部度过了漫长的探险考察岁月,对当地植物群落、人文风俗等多个方面进行了深入考察,并将多种植物样本带回西方,今天位于波士顿南部的阿诺德植物园保留了许多这一时期采集的植物样本。

此后,洛克以丽江附近的村落为基地,对当地风土人情和动植物都进行了考察研究。这一时期的许多文章,都刊于国家地理杂志上。也正是这一时期的文章,激发了作家詹姆斯·希爾頓的创作灵感,完成了著名小说消失的地平线》,成就了香格里拉的美丽传说。

1963年,为纪念洛克不畏艰辛长途探险的精神,以其远征者的形象建立户外防水包品牌LONGHIKER。2009年3月,夏威夷大学将其植物标本馆命名为洛克馆,以示纪念。[3]

著作

洛克在《美国国家地理》上发表的文章(发表时间为序):

  • "Banishing the Devil of Disease Among the Nashi: Weird Ceremonies Performed by an Aboriginal Tribe in the Heart of Yunnan Province" (1924) 46:473-499
  • "Land of the Yellow Lama: National Geographic Society Explorer Visits the Strange Kingdom of Muli, Beyond the Likiang Snow Range of Yunnan, China" (1924) 47: 447-491
  • "Experiences of a Lone Geographer: An American Agricultural Explorer Makes His Way through Brigand-Infested Central China En Route to the Amne Machin Range, Tibet" (1925) 48: 331-347
  • "Through the Great River Trenches of Asia: National Geographic Society Explorer Follows the Yangtze, Mekong, and Salwin Through Mighty Gorges" (1926) 50: 133-186
  • "Life among the Lamas of Choni: Describing the Mystery Plays and Butter Festival in the Monastery of an Almost Unknown Tibetan Principality in Kansu Province, China" (1928): 569-619
  • "Seeking the Mountains of Mystery: An Expedition on the China-Tibet Frontier to the Unexplored Amnyi Machen range, One of Whole Peaks Rivals Everest" (1930) 57:131-185
  • "Glories of the Minya Konka: Magnificent Snow Peaks of the China-Tibetan Border are Photographed at Close Range by a National Geographic Society Expedition" (1930) 58:385-437
  • "Konka Risumgongba, Holy Mountain of the Outlaws" (1931) 60:1-65
  • "Sungmas, the Living Oracles of the Tibetan Church" (1935) 68:475-486

注释

  1. ^ Botanical and Cultural Images of Eastern Asia, 1907-1927. 哈佛大学. [2009-04-29]. (原始内容存档于2010-06-29) (英语). 
  2. ^ 云游网. 约瑟夫.洛克(JOSEPH ROCK)在丽江. 人民网. [2009-04-29]. (原始内容存档于2007-08-31) (中文). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Botanist, famed explorer honored at UH Manoa: Herbarium to carry name of Joseph F. Rock. 2009-03-06 [2009-03-16]. 
  4. ^ National Geographic, March 1922年3月国家地理杂志

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