火箭助飞鱼雷

反潜导弹(台湾作火箭助飛魚雷[1],是一種靠空中飛行加快速度的魚雷,主要用於攻擊潛航於水下的潛艇

發明

火箭助飞鱼雷的發明基於因為魚雷於水中航行時,水阻力大大減慢了速度,而使魚雷殺傷力減弱。為了增加射程、提高速度、增加殺傷力和加深下潛深度,美國於1960年代研發了第一代火箭助飞鱼雷——RUR-5 ASROC(又常直接音譯為「阿斯洛克」)。

同類武器

下面列出的是世界各國正在使用或曾經開發、操作過的反潛飛彈,或功能類似的武器:

特點

火箭助飞鱼雷最大的特點是魚雷先於艦艇(主要是驅逐艦巡防艦潛艇)上點燃助推火箭發射,由火箭空中飛行從而加快其速度,後再與魚雷分開,使魚雷自行飛行。當魚雷到達預定地點,便會打開降落傘並自動入水,找尋和攻擊目標[2]入水後,降落傘會因沖擊而自然分離。而魚雷則會開啟發動機推進,找尋目標。最後,火箭助飞鱼雷便會與普通魚雷一樣,擊毀目標。

火箭助飞鱼雷主要由火箭飛行器和自導魚雷組成。其優點是先由火箭助推,增加速度和避開了水的阻力。火箭助飞鱼雷具有传统鱼雷没有的优点——包括更遠的射程、飞行状态中不會被潜艇声纳探测、潜艇反制时间短,與可以大范围覆盖使用等。

火箭助飛魚雷的飛行速度最高為跨音速,射程於數公里到六十公里之內,能夠攻擊水下40至1000米深的目標。

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ 存档副本. [2024-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-01). 
  2. ^ 火箭助飛魚雷. 人民網. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04). 

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