傑佛瑞·馬西

傑佛瑞·馬西
Geoffrey Marcy
出生 (1954-09-29) 1954年9月29日70歲)
 美国密西根州圣克莱尔肖尔斯
国籍 美国
母校加利福尼亞大學洛杉磯分校 (學士)
加利福尼亞大學聖塔克魯茲分校 (博士)
知名于發現大量太陽系外行星
奖项邵逸夫獎 (2005)
科学生涯
研究领域天文學天文物理學
机构卡内基科学研究所
舊金山州立大學
加利福尼亞大學伯克利分校
博士導師史蒂文·沃格特 [1]

傑佛瑞·威廉·馬西(英語:Geoffrey William Marcy,1954年9月29日)是一名美國天文學家,曾任教於加州大學伯克利分校。他以太陽系外行星發現數量最多者聞名。前100顆太陽系外行星的其中70顆是他和保羅·巴特勒英语R. Paul Butler黛布拉·費希爾英语Debra Fischer共同發現[2]。2015年因性騷擾辭職[3]。2021年被美国科学院从院士名单中除名,成为158年的首次。[4]

生平

馬西在1976年畢業於加利福尼亞大學洛杉磯分校,取得物理和天文雙主修文學士,並獲得「最優等」(Summa Cum Laude)學位榮譽。1982年取得加利福尼亞大學聖塔克魯茲分校天文物理學天文學博士。

馬西的第一個教職是在1982年到1984年之間在卡内基科学研究所擔任Carnegie Fellow。接著在1984年到1996年在舊金山州立大學擔任副教授,1997年成為該校傑出教授(Distinguished University Professor)直到 1999年。現在他仍在舊金山州立大學擔任物理與天文學兼任教授,同時也是加州大學伯克利分校天文教授和綜合行星科學中心(Center for Integrative Planetary Science)的主任。

天文研究

馬西確認了米歇爾·麥耶戴狄爾·魁若茲發現的第一顆環繞類似太陽恆星公轉的行星飛馬座51b。其他成就包含發現第一個類似太陽系的多行星系統(仙女座υ)、第一個以凌日法發現的系外行星(HD 209458b)、第一顆距離母恆星 5 天文單位以上的行星(巨蟹座55d)、和首次發現海王星大小的系外行星(葛利斯436b巨蟹座55e)。

研究成果

  • 首次以塞曼效應量測類似太陽的恆星磁場。
  • 發現大量棕矮星繞行恆星(棕矮星沙漠
  • 發展出精確的視向速度法(精確度達到 3 meter/sec)
  • 發現前100個太陽系外行星中的70個
  • 發現太陽系可能是特例的證據(圓軌道 vs 偏心軌道)
  • 首次發現環繞類太陽恆星的行星(仙女座υ
  • 首次以凌日法發現系外行星(HD 209458b
  • 首次發現質量相當於土星的候選行星(HD 46375b鯨魚座79b
  • 首次發現距離母星超過 5 天文單位的行星(巨蟹座55d
  • 和其他人共同首次發現體積相當於海王星的行星:葛利斯436b巨蟹座55e

榮譽

媒體曝光

他經常在歷史頻道系列節目《宇宙》(The Universe)出現。並曾經接受Planetary Radio播客訪問至少三次。

個人生活

他和妻子Susan Kegley居住在美國加州。

參見

參考資料

  1. ^ Tim Stephens. Major gift supports crucial piece of Automated Planet Finder. University of California, Santa Cruz. September 4, 2007 [6 October 2010]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-18). 
  2. ^ Lemonick, Michael. Super-Earth: Astronomers Find a Watery New Planet. Time Magazine. Dec 16, 2009 [17 December 2009]. (原始内容存档于2013-08-26). 
  3. ^ Overbye, Dennis. Geoffrey Marcy to Resign From Berkeley Astronomy Department. New York Times. October 14, 2015 [October 15, 2015]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-08). 
  4. ^ Elite US science academy expels astronomer Geoff Marcy following harassment complaints. [2021-06-21]. 

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