此條目介紹的是星艦上級飛行測試列表。关于星艦任務列表,请见「 星艦發射任務列表」。
SpaceX 在2019至2021年期間共進行8次亞軌道飛行測試。這些測試只是用星艦(上級)而不是完整星艦發射系統。這些測試包括靜態點火測試或繫留點火測試[1]及10至12.5公里亞軌道飛行測試[2]
SpaceX於2019年開始使用星蟲進行多項測試,包括兩次低空繫留飛行測試[1]。隨後星蟲及原型艦SN5和SN6均進行了一次150m低空飛行測試[3][4][5]。另外五艘原型艦(SN8、SN9、SN10、SN11、SN15)分別進行了一次10至12.5公里高的亞軌道飛行測試。[6][7] 在下降過程中,星艦將進行迎風面翻轉機動(Belly Flop),並以水平姿態下降,通過四個機身襟翼進行氣動控制,以模擬在軌任務中大氣層再入後的下降過程。[8]當下降至約500米的高度時,猛禽發動機將重新點火並將飛船翻轉為垂直姿態,以便在混凝土降落區著陸。[9]
飛行記錄
發射結果
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降落結果
- 降落前摧毀
- 降落過程中摧毀
- 降落後摧毀
- 成功 (繫留)
- 成功 (非繫留)
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See also
Notes
- ^ 所有測試都是來自星港
- ^ 儘管成功著陸並開始卸載燃料,但數分鐘後箭體發生爆炸並摧毀。SpaceX稱此次為一次成功的著陸,但後來承認發動機提供的推力低於預期而導致硬著陸[41],並超過著陸腿的最大承載力而爆炸。[42][38]
- ^ 遙測數據中斷時間
References
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Gebhardt, Chris. Starhopper conducts Raptor Static Fire tests. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2019-04-04 [2024-09-03] (美国英语).
- ^ Bergin, Chris. From hops to hopes - Starship SN8 advances test program into the next phase. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-12-09 [2024-09-03] (美国英语).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Berger, Eric. SpaceX's Starship prototype has taken flight for the first time. Ars Technica. 2019-07-26 [2024-09-03] (美国英语).
- ^ Baylor, Michael. SpaceX's Starhopper completes 150 meter test hop. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2019-08-27 [2024-09-03] (美国英语).
- ^ Bergin, Chris. SN6 begins test campaign as future Starships hatch plans for SpaceX's next leap. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-08-17 [2024-09-03] (美国英语).
- ^ Cotton, Ethan. Starship SN8 | 12.5-kilometer hop. Everyday Astronaut. 2020-11-10 [2024-09-03] (美国英语).
- ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Cotton, Ethan. Starship SN9: 10 kilometer flight. Everyday Astronaut. 24 January 2021 [1 February 2021]. (原始内容存档于21 March 2021).
- ^ Mike Wall. SpaceX's Starship SN8 prototype soars on epic test launch, with explosive landing. Space.com. 2020-12-09 [2024-09-03] (英语).
- ^ DeSisto, Austin. Starship and its Belly Flop Maneuver. Everyday Astronaut. 2021-04-23 [2024-09-03] (美国英语).
- ^ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk]. Starhopper completed tethered hop. All systems green. t.co/0m5Bm5slD2 (推文). 4 April 2019 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于22 August 2022) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ 11.0 11.1 Gebhardt, Chris. Starhopper conducts Raptor Static Fire test. NASASpaceFlight.com. 3 April 2019 [4 April 2019]. (原始内容存档于4 April 2019).
- ^ Grush, Loren. SpaceX just fired up the engine on its test Starship vehicle for the first time. The Verge. 3 April 2019 [4 April 2019]. (原始内容存档于4 April 2019).
- ^ Baylor, Michael. SpaceX readying Starhopper for hops in Texas as Pad 39A plans materialize in Florida. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2 June 2019 [3 June 2019]. (原始内容存档于29 September 2019).
- ^ Burghardt, Thomas. Starhopper successfully conducts debut Boca Chica Hop. NASASpaceFlight.com. 25 July 2019 [26 July 2019]. (原始内容存档于26 July 2019).
- ^ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Baylor, Michael. SpaceX's Starhopper completes 150 meter test hop. NASASpaceFlight.com. 27 August 2019 [27 August 2019]. (原始内容存档于2 December 2019).
- ^ Wall, Mike. SpaceX Starhopper Rocket Prototype Aces Highest (and Final) Test Flight. Space.com. 27 August 2019 [29 August 2019]. (原始内容存档于2 December 2019).
- ^ 150 Meter Starhopper Test. SpaceX. 27 August 2019 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于19 October 2022) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Mosher, Dave. SpaceX may cannibalize its first Mars rocket-ship prototype in Elon Musk's race to launch Starship. Business Insider. 7 August 2019 [27 August 2019]. (原始内容存档于7 February 2020).
- ^ Ralph, Eric. SpaceX scrubs Starhopper's final Raptor-powered flight as Elon Musk talks finicky igniters. Teslarati. 27 August 2019 [27 August 2019]. (原始内容存档于2 December 2019).
- ^ 20.0 20.1 Ralph, Eric. SpaceX Starship leaps towards Mars with picture-perfect hop debut. Teslarati. 4 August 2020 [4 August 2020]. (原始内容存档于5 August 2020).
- ^ Baylor, Michael. Starship SN5 conducts successful 150-meter flight test. NASASpaceFlight.com. 3 August 2020 [20 March 2021]. (原始内容存档于1 February 2021).
- ^ Starship | SN5 | 150m Flight Test. SpaceX. 5 August 2020 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于22 November 2022) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Clark, Stephen. SpaceX clears big hurdle on next-gen Starship rocket program. Spaceflight Now. 5 August 2020 [5 August 2020]. (原始内容存档于6 August 2020).
- ^ Baylor, Michael. Starship SN5 conducts successful 150-meter flight test. NASASpaceflight. 4 August 2020 [4 August 2020]. (原始内容存档于1 February 2021).
- ^ 25.0 25.1 Wall, Mike. Starship SN6 maiden hop complete - Super Heavy is coming. NASASpaceFlight.com. 3 September 2020 [20 March 2021]. (原始内容存档于4 September 2020).
- ^ Bergin, Chris. SN6 begins test campaign as future Starships hatch plans for SpaceX's next leap. NASASpaceFlight.com. 16 August 2020 [12 February 2021]. (原始内容存档于30 January 2021).
- ^ Starship | SN6 | 150m Flight Test. SpaceX. 4 September 2020 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于13 November 2022) –通过YouTube.
- ^ NOTAM. [5 December 2020]. (原始内容存档于8 December 2020).
- ^ 29.0 29.1 29.2 Bergin, Chris. From hops to hopes - Starship SN8 advances test program into the next phase. NASASpaceFlight.com. 9 December 2020 [8 February 2021]. (原始内容存档于10 December 2020).
- ^ Starship | SN8 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 9 December 2020 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于19 December 2022) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Bergin, Chris. Starship SN8 pressing to Static Fire and nosecone installation firsts. NASASpaceFlight.com. 18 October 2020 [18 October 2020]. (原始内容存档于19 October 2020).
- ^ Berger, Eric. What's really going on with Elon Musk, the FAA, and Starship?. Ars Technica. 2021-01-29 [2024-03-19]. (原始内容存档于2 March 2021) (美国英语).
- ^ 33.0 33.1 33.2 Starship | SN9 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 2 February 2021 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于12 December 2022) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Baylor, Michael. Starship SN9 History. Next Spaceflight. [27 January 2021]. (原始内容存档于1 February 2021).
- ^ Davenport, Christian. What's holding up the next test of SpaceX's Starship? Elon Musk blames the FAA.. The Washington Post. 2021-01-29 [2024-03-19]. ISSN 0190-8286. (原始内容存档于3 February 2021) (美国英语).
- ^ Bergin, Chris. Starship SN9 fails to gain FAA green light for Friday attempt. NASASpaceFlight.com. 28 January 2021 [29 January 2021]. (原始内容存档于4 March 2021).
- ^ Cotton, Ethan. When will SN10 launch? Live Updates. Everyday Astronaut. 22 February 2021 [28 February 2021]. (原始内容存档于21 February 2021).
- ^ 38.0 38.1 Baylor, Michael. Starship SN10 History. Next Spaceflight. [28 February 2021]. (原始内容存档于5 February 2021).
- ^ Wall, Mike. SpaceX's SN10 Starship prototype lands after epic test launch — but then explodes. Space.com. 4 March 2021 [4 March 2021]. (原始内容存档于4 March 2021) (英语).
- ^ Starship | SN10 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 3 March 2021 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于24 November 2022) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk]. @austinbarnard45 SN10 engine was low on thrust due (probably) to partial helium ingestion from fuel header tank. Impact of 10m/s crushed legs & part of skirt. Multiple fixes in work for SN11. (推文). 9 March 2021 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于27 October 2022) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk]. @PPathole @TimSweeneyEpic This was way past leg loads. They got squashed hard. (推文). 6 March 2021 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于30 September 2022) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Etherington, Darrell. SpaceX's Starship prototype flies to 32,000 feet and sticks the landing in third flight test. TechCrunch. 4 March 2021 [3 March 2021]. (原始内容存档于3 March 2021).
- ^ 44.0 44.1 Starship | SN11 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 30 March 2021 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于17 December 2022) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk]. @SpaceX Looks like engine 2 had issues on ascent & didn't reach operating chamber pressure during landing burn, but, in theory, it wasn't needed. Something significant happened shortly after landing burn start. Should know what it was once we can examine the bits later today. (推文). 30 March 2021 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于30 September 2022) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Bergin, Chris [@NASASpaceflight]. Ended in a RUD. Remember, it's a test program and they've gained a lot of wins from the four flights. Stable controlled descent is one, but long-duration Raptor performance deserves a shoutout. This was the last view from SpaceX and sign off from John Insprucker: t.co/4KAnLEWIUG (推文). 30 March 2021 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于23 August 2022) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Sheetz, Michael [@thesheetztweetz]. SpaceX's Starship SN11 captured hurtling back down, with debris seen flying - sound on: t.co/HKyFpJLu9u (推文). 2 April 2021 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于12 February 2022) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Ralph, Eric. Musk blames SpaceX's latest Starship explosion on Raptor engine leak. teslarati.com. 2021-04-05 [2021-04-05]. (原始内容存档于5 April 2021).
- ^ Wall, Mike. SpaceX launches Starship SN15 rocket and sticks the landing in high-altitude test flight. Space.com. 5 May 2021 [6 May 2021]. (原始内容存档于6 May 2021).
- ^ Starship SN15. nextspaceflight.com. [2021-04-22]. (原始内容存档于23 April 2021) (英语).
- ^ Starship | SN15 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 6 May 2021 [21 December 2022]. (原始内容存档于17 December 2022) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Kettley, Sebastian. SpaceX Starship launch: Will Starship SN15 launch this weekend?. Daily Express. 2021-04-09 [2021-04-10]. (原始内容存档于10 April 2021) (英语).
- ^ Timmer, John. SpaceX successfully lands a Starship test flight. Ars Technica. 5 May 2021 [7 May 2021]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-05).
- ^ Template:Cite Tweet
- ^ Beyer, Jack. RIP SN15. X (formerly Twitter). July 27, 2024 [September 11, 2024].
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重要人物 | |
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†表示任务失败、载具损毁或场地废弃 |
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