左乙拉西坦

左乙拉西坦
臨床資料
读音/lɛvɪtɪˈræsɪtæm/
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureKeppra, Elepsia, Spritam, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa699059
核准狀況
懷孕分級
给药途径口服给药靜脈注射
藥物類別英语Drug class消旋坦英语Racetam 抗癲癎藥物英语anticonvulsant
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度≈100%
血漿蛋白結合率<10%
药物代谢乙醯胺基團的酵素水解
生物半衰期6–8小時
排泄途徑
识别信息
  • (S)-2-(2-Oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butanamide
CAS号102767-28-2  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.121.571 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C8H14N2O2
摩尔质量170.21 g·mol−1
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • O=C1N([C@H](C(=O)N)CC)CCC1
  • InChI=1S/C8H14N2O2/c1-2-6(8(9)12)10-5-3-4-7(10)11/h6H,2-5H2,1H3,(H2,9,12)/t6-/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:HPHUVLMMVZITSG-LURJTMIESA-N checkY

左乙拉西坦(Levetiracetam)是一种治疗癫痫的药物[7]。適用的治疗包括:部分性發作、肌陣攣性發作或強直-陣攣性發作[7]。有口服(即時釋放或緩慢釋放的修飾釋放劑型英语Modified-release dosage),或靜脈注射[7]

常見的副作用包括嗜睡、頭暈、疲倦和攻擊性[7]。嚴重的副作用可能包括精神病自殺过敏,如史蒂芬斯-強森症候群过敏性休克[7]怀孕期使用的安全性仍不清楚,但哺乳期使用似乎安全[8]。它是乙拉西坦的左旋-對映異構體[9]。詳細的作用機制尚不清楚[7]

此藥於1999年在美國取得醫療使用許可,[7]並名列世界衛生組織的基本藥物清單[10]。已有學名药流通於市[11]。 2020年,它在美國最常用的處方藥中名列第92位,處方量超過700萬張[12] [13]

参考文獻

  1. ^ Levetiracetam Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. [5 March 2019]. (原始内容存档于6 March 2019). 
  2. ^ Keppra 100 mg/ml concentrate for solution for infusion - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). (emc). [9 September 2020]. (原始内容存档于24 October 2021). 
  3. ^ Keppra- levetiracetam tablet, film coated Keppra- levetiracetam solution. DailyMed. 5 November 2019 [9 September 2020]. (原始内容存档于7 August 2020). 
  4. ^ Keppra XR- levetiracetam tablet, film coated, extended release. DailyMed. 4 November 2019 [9 September 2020]. (原始内容存档于29 July 2021). 
  5. ^ Keppra- levetiracetam injection, solution, concentrate. DailyMed. 4 November 2019 [9 September 2020]. (原始内容存档于21 January 2016). 
  6. ^ Anvisa. RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control]. Diário Oficial da União英语Diário Oficial da União. 31 March 2023 (4 April 2023) [16 August 2023]. (原始内容存档于3 August 2023) (巴西葡萄牙语). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Levetiracetam Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. AHFS. [14 January 2019]. (原始内容存档于24 March 2019) (英语). 
  8. ^ Levetiracetam Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. [5 March 2019]. (原始内容存档于6 March 2019) (英语). 
  9. ^ Cavanna, Andrea E. Behavioural Neurology of Anti-Epileptic Drugs: A Practical Guide. Oxford University Press. 2018: 17 [5 March 2019]. ISBN 9780198791577. (原始内容存档于6 March 2019) (英语). 
  10. ^ World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2023. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02. 
  11. ^ British national formulary: BNF 76 76. Pharmaceutical Press. 2018: 319. ISBN 9780857113382. 
  12. ^ The Top 300 of 2020. ClinCalc. [7 October 2022]. (原始内容存档于12 February 2021). 
  13. ^ Levetiracetam - Drug Usage Statistics. ClinCalc. [7 October 2022]. (原始内容存档于28 February 2020).