^Zhang Liang, The Tiananmen Papers. eds Perry Link and Andrew J. Nathan. New York: Public Affairs, 2001. p. 73
^Josephine T. Khu, "Student Organization in the Movement," Chinese Democracy and the Crisis of 1989: Chinese and American Reflections. eds. Roger V. Des Forges, Luo Ning, Wu Yen-bo.Albany: State University of New York. p. 165
^Craig Calhoun, Neither Gods nor Emperors: Students and the Struggle for Democracy in China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994. p. 49
^Chai Ling, A Heart for Freedom: The Remarkable Journey of a Young Dissident, Her Daring Escape, and Her Quest to Free China's Daughters. Tyndale House Publishers, 2011. p. 115