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叶䗛属
	菲律賓葉䗛(Phyllium philippinicum)
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	节肢动物门 Arthropoda
纲：	昆虫纲 Insecta
目：	竹節蟲目 Phasmatodea
科：	叶竹节虫科 Phylliidae
族：	叶䗛族 Phylliini
属：	叶䗛属 Phyllium; Illiger, 1798
異名
	Compastes Gistl, 1848 ; Phyllopsis Rafinesque, 1815 ; Pteropus Thunberg, 1815;

叶䗛属（学名：Phyllium）也称叶虫，是竹节虫目（䗛目）叶竹节虫科（叶䗛科）的一属。主要分布于东半球的热带和亚热带地区。^[1]本属目前记录约31种^[2]，是叶竹节虫科中种类最多的一属。

形态特征

叶䗛属于一种大型昆虫，体型宽扁，通体多为绿色，但也有其他色型，脉纹清晰，外型拟态模仿树叶。头部呈椭圆形，头顶稍扁平，光滑或距颗粒。眼部为半球形。雄虫触角发达，侧扁，栉状或锯齿形，被长软毛，向后越达腹部中央；雌虫触角短棒状，一般较短。口器为咀嚼式。前胸较短，近于三角形。前翅革质，雄虫较窄短，雌虫发达，几乎盖满腹部；后翅膜质、透明，雄虫发达，雌虫常退化或消失。^[1]

葉䗛屬中本來種類眾多，並且分為四個亞屬，葉䗛亞屬、麗葉䗛亞屬、飾葉䗛亞屬、舞叶䗛亚属，但2021因為分子生物學以及生物地理學上的證據，陸續將這之中的一些物種挪出，像是葉䗛亞屬之中的一些物種移到新屬隱葉䗛屬（Cryptophyllium）之下^[3]，麗葉䗛亞屬、飾葉䗛亞屬、舞叶䗛亚属也各提升為屬級，麗葉䗛屬（Pulchriphyllium）、飾葉䗛屬（Comptaphyllium）、舞叶䗛属（Walaphyllium）^[4]，因此目前葉䗛屬底下已無亞屬之分類單元。

分类

目前葉䗛屬共有31種^[2]：

Phyllium (Phyllium) antonkozlovi Cumming, 2017
Phyllium (Phyllium) arthurchungi Seow-Choen, 2016
Phyllium (Phyllium) bilobatum Gray, 1843
Phyllium (Phyllium) bonifacioi Lit & Eusebio, 2014
Phyllium (Phyllium) bourquei Cumming & Le Tirant, 2017
Phyllium (Phyllium) bradleri Seow-Choen, 2017
Phyllium (Phyllium) brossardi Cumming, Le Tirant & Teemsma, 2017
Phyllium (Phyllium) chenqiae Seow-Choen, 2017
Phyllium conlei Cumming, Valero & Teemsma, 2018
卡氏葉䗛 Phyllium (Phyllium) cummingi Seow-Choen, 2017
優雅葉䗛 Phyllium (Phyllium) elegans Grösser, 1991^[5]
艾瑞克葉䗛 Phyllium (Phyllium) ericoriai Hennemann, Conle, Gottardo & Bresseel, 2009
Phyllium (Phyllium) fallorum Cumming, 2017^[6]
甘通山葉䗛 Phyllium (Phyllium) gantungense Hennemann, Conle, Gottardo & Bresseel, 2009
加爾達葉䗛 Phyllium gardabagusi Cumming, Bank, Le Tirant & Bradler, 2020
Phyllium (Phyllium) hausleithneri Brock, 1999^[5]
雅各氏葉䗛 Phyllium (Phyllium) jacobsoni Rehn & Rehn, 1934
麗緹葉䗛 Phyllium (Phyllium) letiranti Cumming & Teemsma, 2018^[5]
Phyllium longicorne Latreille, 1802
Phyllium (Phyllium) mabantai Bresseel, Hennemann, Conle & Gottardo, 2009
Phyllium (Pulchriphyllium) maethoraniae Delfosse, 2015^[7]
Phyllium (Phyllium) mamasaense Grösser, 2008
Phyllium (Phyllium) mindorense Hennemann, Conle, Gottardo & Bresseel, 2009
Phyllium nisus Cumming, Bank, Le Tirant & Bradler, 2020
巴拉望葉䗛 Phyllium (Phyllium) palawanense Grösser, 2001
菲律賓葉䗛 Phyllium (Phyllium) philippinicum Hennemann, Conle, Gottardo & Bresseel, 2009
Phyllium (Phyllium) rayongii Thanasinchayakul, 2006
Phyllium (Phyllium) rubrum Cumming, Le Tirant & Teemsma, 2018^[5]
Phyllium saltonae Cumming, Baker, Le Tirant & Marshall, 2020
Phyllium (Phyllium) siccifolium (Linnaeus, 1758)
Phyllium (Phyllium) telnovi Brock, 2014
托貝洛葉䗛 Phyllium (Phyllium) tobeloense Grösser, 2007
Phyllium (Phyllium) woodi Rehn & Rehn, 1934

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 刘胜利. 中国叶螩属记述(竹节虫目:叶螩科)[J]. 昆虫分类学报. 1993, 18 (2): 202–210 [2021-04-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-27）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Phasmida Species File. [2021-06-22]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-07）.
^ Royce T. Cumming, Sarah Bank, Joachim Bresseel, Jérôme Constant, Stéphane Le Tirant, Zhiwei Dong, Gontran Sonet, Sven Bradler. Cryptophyllium, the hidden leaf insects – descriptions of a new leaf insect genus and thirteen species from the former celebicum species group (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae). ZooKeys. 2021, (1018): 1-179 [2021-08-17]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-29）.
^ (PDF) A tree of leaves: Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the leaf insects (Phasmatodea: Phylliidae). ResearchGate. [2021-08-17]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-17）（英语）.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Sarah Bank, Royce T. Cumming, Yunchang Li, Katharina Henze, Stéphane Le Tirant and Sven Bradler. 2021. A Tree of Leaves: Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of the Leaf Insects (Phasmatodea: Phylliidae). Communications Biology. 4: 932. DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02436-z
^ Royce T. Cumming. 2017. A New Species of Phyllium (Phyllium) Illiger, 1798 from Mindanao, Philippines (Phasmida, Phylliidae). Zootaxa. 4303(2); 297–300. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4303.2.10
^ Emmanuel Delfosse. 2015. A New Giant Leaf Insect Species of the Genus Phyllium from Thailand (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France. 120(3); 411-415.

[刘胜利-1] 1.0 ^1.1 刘胜利. 中国叶螩属记述(竹节虫目:叶螩科)[J]. 昆虫分类学报. 1993, 18 (2): 202–210 [2021-04-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-27）.

[:0-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Phasmida Species File. [2021-06-22]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-07）.

[3] Royce T. Cumming, Sarah Bank, Joachim Bresseel, Jérôme Constant, Stéphane Le Tirant, Zhiwei Dong, Gontran Sonet, Sven Bradler. Cryptophyllium, the hidden leaf insects – descriptions of a new leaf insect genus and thirteen species from the former celebicum species group (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae). ZooKeys. 2021, (1018): 1-179 [2021-08-17]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-29）.

[4] (PDF) A tree of leaves: Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the leaf insects (Phasmatodea: Phylliidae). ResearchGate. [2021-08-17]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-17）（英语）.

[Bank-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Sarah Bank, Royce T. Cumming, Yunchang Li, Katharina Henze, Stéphane Le Tirant and Sven Bradler. 2021. A Tree of Leaves: Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of the Leaf Insects (Phasmatodea: Phylliidae). Communications Biology. 4: 932. DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02436-z

[6] Royce T. Cumming. 2017. A New Species of Phyllium (Phyllium) Illiger, 1798 from Mindanao, Philippines (Phasmida, Phylliidae). Zootaxa. 4303(2); 297–300. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4303.2.10

[7] Emmanuel Delfosse. 2015. A New Giant Leaf Insect Species of the Genus Phyllium from Thailand (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France. 120(3); 411-415.

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