以色列第36届政府 在2021年以色列议会选举 之后成功组阁。
2021年6月2日,擁有未來 、藍與白 、右傾 (政黨聯盟) 、以色列工党 、以色列是我们的家园 、梅雷兹党 、新希望 和聯合阿拉伯名單 总计两个中间党派、两个左翼党派、三个右翼党派宣布组成联盟。[ 2]
此届政府任期内有两位总理。新届政府执行轮流执政:本來右倾 的纳夫塔利·贝内特 将在直到2023年9月前担任总理,届时他将把这个职位让给拉皮德,后者将作为总理执政到2025年11月。最終議會於2022年7月提前解散,兩人亦於此時提早交換職位。[ 3] 此外,右倾 和拥有未来 分别成为继以色列地工人党 (1948–1977; 1984–1986; 1992–1996; 1999–2001),利库德集团 (1977–1984; 1986–1992; 1996–1999; 2001–2005; 2009–2021),和前進黨 (以色列) (2005–2009) 之后第四和第五个领导以色列政府的政党。[ 4]
此届政府史无前例的吸纳以色列阿拉伯政党(聯合阿拉伯名單 )作为执政联盟的正式成员。[ 5]
背景
選舉後,总统鲁文·里夫林 和所有当选党派会见讨论总理职位的提名,[ 6] 6日授权本雅明·内塔尼亚胡 组阁。这也是以色列历史上第一次有不止兩位,而是三位總理提名人(分别是本雅明·内塔尼亚胡 、亚伊尔·拉皮德 和納夫塔利·貝內特 )。[ 7] 授权期限在5月4日到期而未能完成。[ 8] [ 9]
提名(4月)
提名(5月)
國會信任投票(6月)
以色列议会议长,利库德集团的成员亚力夫·莱文 表示,他将试图尽可能拖延贝内特-拉皮德政府举行的信任投票[ 26] 。因此,2021年6月3日,“变革集团”的一些政员发起了对莱文的不信任动议,目的是用擁有未來 的米奇·利维 来取代他,并推进开始议会信任投票。随后,尼尔·奥尔巴赫 表示反对动议,但计划随后得到了共同名单 所有的六名议员的单方面支持[ 26] [ 27] 。擁有未來 和右傾 (政黨聯盟) 都拒绝了联合名单的支持提议,右傾 (政黨聯盟) 表示,只有在新政府完成宣誓就职时,他们才会开始支持选举新议长[ 28] 。
以色列國第卅六屆政府確認票
選項
2021年6月13日[ 29]
所需票數
所有票連棄權和缺席者合共之簡單多數
是
Y
否
棄權
成員
注释
^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 These factions argue that the President should deem the formation of a government impossible, triggering a 21-day period allowing the Knesset members to recommend a candidate by themselves, as per Basic Law: The Government , which states:
article 9(a): "[...] the President may assign the task of forming a Government to another Knesset Member who has notified him that he is prepared to accept the task, or may inform the Speaker of the Knesset that he sees no possibility of forming a Government"
article 10(a): "[...] a majority of the members of the Knesset may request, in writing, that the President of the State assign the task to a particular member of the Knesset, who so agreed in writing, all within 21 days of the President's announcement"
^ 兼任與國會的聯絡人
参考文献
^ Bennett's new government: 27 ministers, nine of them women . Haaretz.com. [2021-06-13 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-16) (英语) .
^ Document signed by 8 parties in intended new government . The Times of Israel . [2021-06-02 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-16) (美国英语) .
^ Bennett to announce forming gov't coalition with Lapid . 耶路撒冷邮报 . [2021-06-02 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-16) (美国英语) .
^ ממשלות ישראל . main.knesset.gov.il. [2021-06-06 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-16) (希伯来语) .
^ Netanyahu opponents reach coalition deal to oust Israeli PM . 政客 (媒体) . 美联社 . [2021-06-02 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-03) (英语) .
^ Netanyahu secures most nominations for PM; Rivlin to tap candidate Tuesday . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [6 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-02) (美国英语) .
^ Gil Hoffman . Rivlin hands Netanyahu mandate to form coalition despite low chance of success . 耶路撒冷邮报 . 6 April 2021 [14 April 2021] . (原始内容 存档于6 April 2021).
^ Gil Hoffman . Shas leader demands term as prime minister . 耶路撒冷邮报 . 11 April 2021 [11 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-16) (美国英语) .
^ Lis, Jonathan; Khoury, Jack. As Netanyahu's Coalition Deadline Expires, Lapid Seen Likely to Get the Nod . Haaretz. 4 May 2021 [4 May 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-05-05).
^ Likud implores Rivlin to let Netanyahu form coalition . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ Wootliff, Raoul. Yesh Atid recommends Lapid to form next government . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ Wootliff, Raoul. Shas recommends "only Netanyahu" to form coalition . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ Netanyahu's chances boosted by Joint List rejecting Lapid . 耶路撒冷邮报 . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-16) (美国英语) .
^ Yamina nominates Bennett for PM . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ Labor nominates Lapid as prime minister . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ United Torah Judaism recommends Netanyahu for PM . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ Yisrael Beytenu endorses Lapid for PM, but says he could change his mind . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [2021-06-15 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ Religious Zionism backs Netanyahu for prime minister . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [2021-06-15 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ Citing his alliance with Bennett, Joint List says it can't endorse Lapid for PM . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ New Hope refrains from endorsing candidate for PM . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ Meretz endorses Lapid for PM . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ Potential kingmaker Ra'am declines to endorse candidate for PM . The Times of Israel . 5 April 2021 [5 April 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-14) (美国英语) .
^ 23.00 23.01 23.02 23.03 23.04 23.05 23.06 23.07 23.08 23.09 23.10 23.11 As Rivlin meets Lapid to kick off talks, New Hope backs Yesh Atid chief for PM . The Times of Israel . 5 May 2021 [5 May 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-05-06) (美国英语) .
^ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 Netanyahu's right-wing religious bloc recommends sending mandate to Knesset . The Times of Israel . 5 May 2021 [5 May 2021] . (原始内容存档 于2021-05-06) (美国英语) .
^ Most of Joint List to recommend Lapid get mandate to form government . The Times of Israel . [2021-06-15 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-05-05).
^ 26.0 26.1 Hoffman, Gil. Anti-Netanyahu coalition demands vote to replace Knesset Speaker Levin . The Jerusalem Post. 2021-06-03 [2021-06-03 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-16).
^ Joint List backs bid to replace Knesset speaker, boosting effort to quickly form gov't . The Times of Israel . [2021-06-15 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-04).
^ Yesh Atid, Yamina distance themselves from Joint List support . The Times of Israel . [2021-06-15 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-03).
^ Bachner, Michael. Swearing-in of Bennett-Lapid gov't that would replace Netanyahu set for Sunday . The Times of Israel. 2021-06-08 [2021-06-08 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-08).