↑Lesueur, C.A. 1818 (May/Sept.), Description of several new species of North American fishes. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 2): 222-235; 359-368, Pls. 10, 11, 14. [Pp. 222-235 published in May, pp. 359-368 in Sept.]
↑Bor, P.H.F. 2002 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002).
↑Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO species catalogue. Vol.4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655.