^Higginbotham, Adam (2019). Midnight in Chernobyl: The Untold Story of the World's Greatest Nuclear Disaster. Random House. ISBN9781473540828 p.340 "The substance proved too hard for a drill mounted on a motorized trolley, ... Finally, a police marksman arrived and shot a fragment of the surface away with a rifle. The sample revealed that the Elephant's Foot was a solidified mass of silicon dioxide, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, and uranium ..."
^ abcdR. F. Mould (2000). Chernobyl Record: The Definitive History of the Chernobyl Catastrophe. CRC Press. p. 130. ISBN9781420034622. "It has many layers, like the bark of a tree, and pieces of this bark can be removed by the bullets of a Kalashnikov rifle. This sounds like a very archaic way of obtaining samples for analysis to determine parameters ..."
^Jaromir Kolejka, ed (2002). Role of GIS in Lifting the Cloud Off Chernobyl. NATO Science: Earth and environmental sciences. 10 (illustrated ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 72. ISBN9781402007682
^Ann Larabee (2000). Decade of Disaster (illustrated ed.). University of Illinois Press. p. 50. ISBN9780252068201
^Vlasova, Irina; Shiryaev, Andrey; Ogorodnikov, Boris; Burakov, Boris; Dolgopolova, Ekaterina; Senin, Roman; Averin, Alexey; Zubavichus, Yan et al. (2015). “Radioactivity distribution in fuel-containing materials (Chernobyl "lava") and aerosols from the Chernobyl "Shelter"”. Radiation Measurements83: 20–25. doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2015.06.005. ISSN1350-4487.
^“Lethal Dose (LD)”. US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (21 March 2019). 21 March 2019閲覧。