Albula vulpes

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Albula vulpes
Stato di conservazione
Prossimo alla minaccia (nt)[1]
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
SottoregnoEumetazoa
SuperphylumDeuterostomia
PhylumChordata
SubphylumVertebrata
InfraphylumGnathostomata
SuperclasseOsteichthyes
ClasseActinopterygii
SottoclasseNeopterygii
InfraclasseTeleostei
SuperordineElopomorpha
OrdineAlbuliformes
FamigliaAlbulidae
GenereAlbula
SpecieA. vulpes
Nomenclatura binomiale
Albula vulpes
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Sinonimi

vedi testo

Nomi comuni

Bonefish

Pesce signora[2]

Volpe biancastra[3]

Albula vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758), noto in tutto il mondo con il nome di bonefish, è un pesce osseo marino e d'acqua salmastra della famiglia Albulidae.

[4].

Descrizione

È un pesce affusolato con testa grande con muso allungato sulla cui parte inferiore si apre la bocca, piuttosto piccola. La pinna caudale è grande e profondamente forcuta, il peduncolo caudale è abbastanza sottile. Le pinne non presentano raggi spinosi ma solo molli: la pinna dorsale e la pinna anale sono brevi, l'anale è posta molto indietro, a ridosso del peduncolo caudale. Le pinne ventrali sono anch'esse inserite molto posteriormente, sotto la pinna dorsale; le pinne pettorali sono inserite in basso, in prossimità del profilo ventrale.

Il colore è argenteo con linee scure longitudinali simili a quelle del comune cefalo.

La taglia raggiunge il metro per 10 kg di peso.

Biologia

I giovani formano banchi numerosi, i grandi esemplari sono perlopiù solitari.

Riproduzione

Le larve sono leptocefali.

Alimentazione

Si ciba di organismi bentonici come crostacei, molluschi, vermi, ecc.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è molto diffusa nelle acque americane, sia sul lato dell'Oceano Pacifico (dalla California al Perù) che su quello atlantico (dagli USA meridionali al Brasile). È molto comune nel mar dei Caraibi e nel golfo del Messico. È presente , anche se in densità minore, in certe zone dell'oceano Indiano.

Popola le acque costiere molto basse e vicine alla costa su fondi sabbiosi o fangosi, soprattutto in zone con debole idrodinamismo come golfi e baie. Essendo eurialino frequenta anche gli estuari.

Tassonomia

Sinonimi

  • Albula conorynchus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Albula lacustris Walbaum, 1792
  • Albula parrae Valenciennes, 1847
  • Albula plumieri Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Albula rostrata Gray, 1854
  • Amia immaculata Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Butyrinus bananus Lacepède, 1803
  • Clupea brasiliensis Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Clupea macrocephala Lacepède, 1803
  • Engraulis bahiensis Spix, 1829
  • Engraulis sericus Spix, 1829
  • Esox vulpes Linnaeus, 1758
  • Esunculus costai Kaup, 1856
  • Glossodus forskalii Spix & Agassiz, 1829

Pesca

Le carni sono liscose e scadenti per cui non ha alcun interesse economico o alimentare. Ciò nonostante è insidiato massicciamente da pescatori sportivi che lo insidiano principalmente a mosca a causa della strenua difesa che oppone alla cattura.

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Adams, A., Guindon, K., Horodysky, A., MacDonald, T., McBride, R., Shenker, J. & Ward, R., Albula vulpes, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/tag/vulpes/ (Enciclopedia Treccani)
  3. ^ https://www.sapere.it/sapere/approfondimenti/animali/pesci/volpe-biancastra.html (Sapere by De Agostini)
  4. ^ (G.U. delle Comunità Europee L 222/29 del 17.8.2001 - Regolamento (CE) N. 1638/2001 della Commissione del 24 luglio 2001) e (G.U. dell'Unione Europea L 87/1 del 31.3.2009 - Regolamento (CE) N. 216/2009 del Parlamento Europeo e del Consiglio dell'11 marzo 2009)

Bibliografia

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