United States military casualties of war

The following is a tabulation of United States military casualties of war.

Overview

Note: "Total casualties" includes wounded, combat and non-combat deaths but not missing in action. "Deaths – other" includes all non-combat deaths including those from bombing, massacres, disease, suicide, and murder.

War or conflict	Date	Total U.S. deaths			Wounded	Total U.S. casualties	Missing	Sources and notes	Deaths as percentage of total population
War or conflict	Date	Combat	Other	Total	Wounded	Total U.S. casualties	Missing	Sources and notes	Deaths as percentage of total population
American Revolutionary War	1775-1783	4,435 to 6,800	63,200	70,000	8,500+	75,000+
Northwest Indian War	1785–1796	1,056+		1,056+	825+	1,881+		^[1]^[2]^[3]
Quasi-War	1798–1800	20	494^[4]	514	42	556		^[4]^[5]
First Barbary War	1801–1805	35	39	74	64	138		^[6]^[7]^: 25–27^[8]^[9]
Other actions against pirates	1800–1900	36	158+^[7]^: 42	194+	100+	294+		^[5]^[10]^[11]^[b]
Chesapeake–Leopard affair	1807	3	0	3	18	21		^[5]
War of 1812	1812–1815	2,260	12,740~	15,000~	4,505	20,000~		^[12]	0.21%
Nuku Hiva Campaign	1813–1814	5	0	5	11	16		^[7]^: 34–38
Creek War	1813–1814			575		575		^[13]
Second Barbary War	1815	4	134^[14]	138~	10	148		^[15]
First Seminole War	1817–1818	47	0	47	36	83		^[16]
First Sumatran expedition	1832	2		2	11	13		^[5]
Black Hawk War	1832	47	258^[17]^[18]	305	85	390		^[19]
Second Seminole War	1835–1842	328	1,207	1,535		1,535
Mexican–American War	1846–1848	1,733	11,550	13,283	4,152	17,435		^[20]	0.06%
Cayuse War	1847–1856	40	1	41	74	115		^[21]
Rogue River Wars	1851–1856	190	6	196	293	489		^[22]
Yakima War	1855–1856	32	2	34	92	126		^[23]
Third Seminole War	1855–1858	26		26	27	53		^[24]
Second Opium War	1856–1860	12		12	39	51		^[7]
Coeur d'Alene War	1858	36		36	60	96		^[25]
American Civil War: total	1861–1865	214,938^[26]	450,000~	655,000~				^[c]^[27]	2.1%
American Civil War: Union casualties		110,100^[28] to 140,414^[26]	224,097	364,511	281,881	646,392		^[29]
American Civil War: Confederate casualties		94,000^[30]	195,000+	290,000+	194,026	483,026
Dakota War of 1862	1862	70–113		70–113	150	220–263		^[31]^[32]^[33]
Shimonoseki campaign	1863	4–5^[5]^[34]	0	4–5	6^[5]	10		^[5]^[34]
Snake War	1864–1868	30		30	128	158		^[23]
American Indian Wars	1865–1898	919		919~	1,025	1,944		^[20]
Red Cloud's War	1866–1868	126		126	100	226		^[35]^[2]^[36]
United States expedition to Korea	1871	3		3	9	12		^[37]
Modoc War	1872–1873	56		56	88	144		^[38]^[39]
Great Sioux War	1875–1877	314		314	211	525		^[40]^[41]
Nez Perce War	1877	134		134	157	291		^[42]^[43]
Bannock War	1878	12	0	12	22	34		^[36]^[44]
Ute War	1879	15	0	15	52	67		^[36]^[45]
Sheepeater Indian War	1879	1		1	10	11		^[36]
Samoan crisis	1887–1889	0	62	62		62		^[46]
Ghost Dance War	1890–1891	35		35	64	99		^[47]^[48]
Battle of Sugar Point	1898	7	0	7	16	23		^[49]
Spanish–American War	1898	385	2,061	2,446	1,622	4,068		^[20]
Philippine–American War and Moro Rebellion	1899–1913	1,020	3,176	4,196	2,930	7,126		^[20]
Boxer Rebellion	1900–1901	68	63	131	204	335		^[50]
Santo Domingo Affair	1904	1	0	1	1	2		^[5]
United States occupation of Nicaragua	1912–1933	90	69	159	290	449		^[51]^[52]^[53]
Mexican Revolution	1914–1919	120	61	181	319	500		^[54]
United States occupation of Haiti	1915–1934	10	138	148	26+	184+		^[5]^[55]
World War I	1914–1918	53,402	63,114	116,516	204,002	320,518	3,350	^[20]^[d]	0.11%
North Russia intervention: total	1918–1920			424		424		^[56]
North Russia intervention: American Expeditionary Force, Siberia casualties	1918–1920	160	168	328	52+	380+		^[7]^: 228
Warlord Era Chinese Civil War	1918; 1921; 1926–1927; 1930; 1937	5			78	83		^[51]
World War II	1939–1945	291,557	113,842	405,399	670,846	1,076,245	72,491	^[20]See Note DA below	0.39%
Greek Civil War	1944–1949	1	5	6		6		^[57]
Chinese Civil War	1945–1950	14	150	164	51	215		^[57]
Berlin Blockade	1948–1949		31	31		31		^[58]
Korean War	1950–1953	33,686	2,835	36,574	103,284	139,858	7,564	See Note E below
Cold War with the Soviet Union	1947–1991	32		32	12	44	126	^[51]
Cold War with China	1950–1972	16		16		16		^[51]
Vietnam War	1955–1975	47,434	10,786	58,220	153,303	211,454	1,584	^[20]^[59]^[60]
1958 Lebanon crisis	1958	1	5	6	1+	7+		^[61]
Bay of Pigs Invasion	1961	5	20 ^[62]	25 ^[63]		25		^[64]
Cuban Missile Crisis	1962	1	19	20		20		^[57]
Dominican Civil War	1965–1966	27	20	47	283	330		^[51]^[57]^[65]
Korean DMZ Conflict	1966-1969	75	6	81	120	201
USS Liberty incident	1967	0	34	34	171	205
Operation Eagle Claw	1980	0	8	8	4	12		^[66]
Salvadoran Civil War	1980–1992	22	15	37	35	72		^[67]^[68]^[69]^[70]
1982 Lebanon War	1982–1984	256	10	266	169	435		^[71]
Operation Earnest Will	1987–1988	39	0	39	31	100
United States invasion of Grenada	1983	18	1	19	119	138		^[71]
1986 United States bombing of Libya	1986	2	0	2	0		1	^[72]
United States invasion of Panama	1989	23		23	324	347		^[71]
Gulf War	1990–1991	149	145	294	849	1,143	2^[73]	^[74]
Operation Provide Comfort	1991–1996	1	18	19	4	23		^[75]^[76]
Operation Restore Hope	1992–1993	29	14	43	153	196		^[71]
Operation Uphold Democracy	1994–1995	1	3	4	3	7		^[71]
Colombian conflict	1994–present	0	8^[77]^[78]	8		8		^[79]
Bosnian War	1992–1995	1	11	12		12		^[80]
Kosovo War	1999^[a]	0^[81]	2^[82]	2	1^[83]	3	0	^[82]^[84]
War in Afghanistan	2001-2021	1,910 ^[85]	415^[86]^[85]	2,325	20,093^[85]	22,311		^[f]^[85]^[86]
Iraq War	2003–2011	3,519	973	4,492	32,222	36,710	3	^[85]
Operation Inherent Resolve	2014–present	16	60	76	81	157		^[85]
Raid on Yakla	2017	1		1	3	4		^[87]
Total	1775–2019	666,441+	673,929+	1,354,664+	1,498,240+	2,852,901+	40,031+

Wars ranked by U.S. battle deaths

The following is a list of wars caught by number of U.S. battle deaths suffered by military forces; deaths from disease and other non-battle causes are not included. Although the Confederate States of America did not consider itself part of the United States, and its forces were not part of the U.S. Army, its battle deaths are included with the losses of the Union (American Civil War).

Rank	War	Years	Deaths
1	World War II	1941–1945	291,557
2	American Civil War	1861–1865	204,100
3	World War I	1917–1918	53,402
4	Vietnam War	1955–1975	47,434
5	Korean War	1950–1953	33,686
6	American Revolutionary War	1775–1783	6,800
7	Iraq War	2003–2011	4,424
8	War of 1812	1812–1815	2,260
9	War in Afghanistan	2001–2021	1,833
10	Mexican–American War	1846–1848	1,733
11	Gulf War	1990–1991	288

U.S. battle deaths by war

World War II			291,557
American Civil War			204,100
World War I			53,402
Vietnam War			47,434
Korean War			33,686
American Revolutionary War			6,800
Iraq War			3,836
War of 1812			2,260
War in Afghanistan			1,833
Mexican American War			1,733

Wars ranked by total number of U.S. military deaths

Rank	War	Years	Deaths	Deaths per day	U.S. population in first year of war	Deaths as percentage of population
1	American Civil War	1861–1865	655,000 (est.)(U.S./Confederate)^[88]	449	31,443,000	2.083% (1860)
2	World War II	1941–1945	405,399	297	133,402,000	0.307% (1940)
3	World War I	1917–1918	116,516	200	103,268,000	0.110% (1920)
4	Vietnam War	1961–1975	58,209	11	179,323,175	0.032% (1970)
5	Korean War	1950–1953	36,574	30	151,325,000	0.024% (1950)
6	American Revolutionary War	1775–1783	25,000	11	2,500,000	1.00% (1780)
7	War of 1812	1812–1815	15,000	15	8,000,000	0.207% (1810)
8	Mexican–American War	1846–1848	13,283	29	21,406,000	0.057% (1850)
9	Iraq War	2003–2011	4,576	2	294,043,000	0.002% (2010)
10	Philippine–American War	1899–1902	4,196	3.8	72,129,001	0.006% (1900)
11	War in Afghanistan	2001–2021	2,432	0.4	294,043,000	0.001% (2010)
12	Spanish–American War	1898	2,246	9.6	62,022,250	0.004% (1890)

"Deaths per day" is the total number of Americans killed in military service, divided by the number of days between the commencement and end of hostilities. "Deaths per population" is the total number of deaths in military service, divided by the U.S. population of the year indicated.

Notes

a. ^{^} Revolutionary War: All figures from the Revolutionary War are rounded estimates. Commonly cited casualty figures provided by the Department of Defense are 4,435 killed and 6,188 wounded, although the original government report that generated these numbers warned that the totals were incomplete and far too low.^[89] In 1974, historian Howard Peckham and a team of researchers came up with a total of 6,824 killed in action and 8,445 wounded. Because of incomplete records, Peckham estimated that this new total number of killed in action was still about 1,000 too low.^[90] Military historian John Shy subsequently estimated the total killed in action at 8,000, and argued that the number of wounded was probably far higher, about 25,000.^[91] The "other" deaths are primarily from disease, including prisoners who died on British prison ships.

b. ^{^} Other actions against pirates: Includes actions fought in the West Indies, the Greek isles, off of Louisiana, China and Vietnam. Other deaths resulted from disease and accidents.

c. ^{^} Civil War: All Union casualty figures, and Confederate killed in action, from The Oxford Companion to American Military History except where noted (NPS figures).^[20] estimate of total Confederate dead from James M. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom (Oxford University Press, 1988), 854. Newer estimates place the total death toll at 650,000 to 850,000.^[88] 148 of the Union dead were U.S. Marines.^[92]^[93]
ca. ^{^} Civil War April 2, 2012, Doctor David Hacker after extensive research offered new casualty rates higher by 20%; his work has been accepted by the academic community and is represented here.

d. ^{^} World War I figures include expeditions in North Russia and Siberia. See also World War I casualties

da.^{^} World War II Note: as of March 31, 1946, there were an estimated 286,959 dead of whom 246,492 were identified; of 40,467 who were unidentified 18,641 were located {10,986 reposed in military cemeteries and 7,655 in isolated graves} and 21,826 were reported not located. As of April 6, 1946, there were 539 American Military Cemeteries which contained 241,500 dead. Note the American Battle Monuments Commission database for the World War II reports that in 18 ABMC Cemeteries total of 93,238 buried and 78,979 missing and that "The World War II database on this web site contains the names of those buried at our cemeteries, or listed as Missing in Action, buried or lost at sea. It does not contain the names of the 233,174 Americans returned to the United States for burial..." Similarly, the ABMC Records do not cover inter-war deaths such as the Port Chicago disaster in which 320 died. As of June 2018 total of US World War II casualties listed as MIA is 72,823^[94]

e. ^{^} Korean War: Note:^[20] gives Dead as 33,746 and Wounded as 103, 284 and MIA as 8,177. The American Battle Monuments Commission database for the Korean War reports that "The Department of Defense reports that 54,246 American service men and women lost their lives during the Korean War. This includes all losses worldwide. Since the Korean War Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., honors all U.S. Military who lost their lives during the War, we have tried to obtain the names of those who died in other areas besides Korea during the period June 27, 1950, to July 27, 1954, one year after the Korean Armistice...". {For a breakdown of Worldwide casualties of 54,246 see The Korean War educator at ^[95] gives figures as In-theatre/non theater} After their retreat in 1950, dead Marines and soldiers were buried at a temporary gravesite near Hungnam, North Korea. During "Operation Glory" which occurred from July to November 1954 the dead of each side were exchanged; remains of 4,167 US soldiers/Marines were exchanged for 13,528 North Korean/Chinese dead.^[96] After "Operation Glory" 416 Korean War "unknowns" were buried in the Punchbowl Cemetery. According to a DPMO white paper.^[97] 1,394 names were also transmitted during "Operation Glory" from the Chinese and North Koreans, of whom 858 names proved to be correct; of the 4,167 returned remains were found to be 4,219 individuals of whom 2,944 were found to be Americans of whom all but 416 were identified by name. Of 239 Korean War unaccounted for: 186 not associated with Punchbowl unknowns (176 were identified and of the remaining 10 cases 4 were non-Americans of Asiatic descent; one was British; 3 were identified and 2 cases unconfirmed); Of 10 Korean War "Punchbowl Unknowns" 6 were identified. The W.A. Johnson listing of 496 POWs – including 25 civilians^[98] – who died in North Korea can be found here and there^[99]

Listed as MIA: 7,683^[94]

ea. ^{^} Cold War – Korea and Vietnam and Middle East-additional US Casualties:

North Korea {Cold War} 1959: 1968–69; 1976; 1984 killed 41; Wounded 5; 82 captured/released.^[100]
USS Liberty incident 1967 killed 34; Wounded 173 by Israeli armed forces
Vietnam War prior to 1964-US Casualties were Laos – 2 killed in 1954; and Vietnam 1946–1954 – 2 killed see;^[101]

f. ^{^} Iraq War. See also Casualties of the Iraq War. Sources: .^[102]

g. ^{^} Afghanistan. Casualties include those that occurred in Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guantanamo Bay (Cuba), Jordan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Philippines, Seychelles, Sudan, Tajikistan, Turkey, and Yemen.

Notes

^ casualties during post-war peacekeeping operations (1999-06-12 through present) are not included

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^ List of border incidents involving North Korea
^ Vietnam War casualties
^ "U.S. and Coalition Casualties: Iraq". CNN. Archived from the original on June 11, 2009. Retrieved 2010-05-26.

External links

[Names of Soldiers Who Died in Defense of the American Union, Interred in the National [and Other] Cemeteries, Volumes 1-8]
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American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics Congressional Research Service
Louisiana State University's statistical summary of major American wars
Washington Post database of all U.S. service-member casualties Archived 2006-10-12 at the Wayback Machine
CNN list of U.S. Casualties in Iraq since 2003.
Complete list of U.S. Casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan since 2003.
Iraq Casualties
Navy and Marine death tolls
Iraq and Afghanistan Casualty Count

[81] sualties during post-war peacekeeping operations (1999-06-12 through present) are not included

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[Rajitar-2] Rajitar 33–36, 71–73

[3] Konstantin 11–14, 111

[Michael_A_Palmer_1987_pp._119,_208-4] Michael A Palmer Stoddert's War: Naval Operations During the Quasi-War with France 1798–1801 (Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, 1987) pp. 119, 208, 218, 228

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[6] Joseph Wheelan Jefferson's War, (Carol and Graph Publishers, 2003) pp. 208–28

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[9] John Randolph Spears David G Farragut (Cornell University Press, 2009) p. 39

[10] Edgar Stanton Maclay, A History of the United States Navy from 1775 to 1894 pp. 120–27

[11] Earle, Peter (2003). The Pirate Wars. St. Martins: Methuen Publishing. pp. 233–45. ISBN 0-413-75880-X.

[12] The "other" deaths were primarily from disease. Donald R. Hickey, Don't Give Up the Ship! Myths of the War of 1812t (University of Illinois Press, 2006), 297.

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[17] Bluhm 166

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[Konstantin-36] Phil Konstantin, This Day in North American Indian History (Da Capo, 2002)

[37] Dispatch from Commodore John Rodgers to the Secretary of the Navy, Corea, June 23, 1871

[38] Yenne 151–56

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[40] Yenne pp. 175–211

[41] Rajtar pp. 88–91

[Nelson-42] Kurt Nelson, Fighting for Paradise: A Military History of the Pacific Northwest (Westholme, 2008) p. 277

[43] Yenne 239–44

[44] Yenne 245–48

[45] Yenne p. 250

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[54] Congressional Serial Set. 1920. Retrieved 18 February 2015.

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[61] Beirut 1958: How America's Wars in the Middle East Began, Bruce Riedel, Brookings Institution Press, Oct 29, 2019: "Sergeant James R. Nettles was shot by a sniper on August 2, 1958."

[62] [2], "Congressional Bill amending title 36. January 3, 2019."

[63] [3], "Biography of Nels Benson, killed during training of Cuban rebels for the Bay of Pigs Invasion – CIA.

[64] John Padros, Safe For Democracy:The Secret Wars of the CIA(Ivan R Lee Publishers Chicago 2006) p. 263

[65] Operation Power Pack Archived September 23, 2009, at the Wayback Machine

[66] Peter Huchthausen, America's Splendid Little Wars p. 37

[67] Bradley Graham, Medals Granted After Acknowledgement of US Role in El Salvador, Washington Post; 5/6/1996 1A

[68] Miami Herald Copter Crash kills 5 near San Salvador, 2/26/1991. 4A

[69] Ted Gup Star Agents: The anonymous stars in the CIA Book of Honor, Washington Post; 9/7/1997 WO6

[70] Army Air Crews Line of Duty Deaths http://www.armyaircrews.com/

[SAID-71] Table 13, Worldwide U.S. Active Duty Military Deaths, Selected Military Operations, "Military Casualty Information". Archived from the original on 2008-01-22. Retrieved 2008-01-13., SAID, U.S. Department of Defense

[Huchthausen-72] Peter Huchthausen, America's Splendid Little Wars: A Short History of U.S. Military Engagements 1975–2000. (Viking Press, 2003) p. 96.

[73] Initials may offer clue to missing Gulf War pilot Note: ID and found August 2009

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[75] "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2011-06-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

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[77] "Navy Chopper Crashes Near Colombia". CBS News. December 13, 2005.

[78] Congressional Record, V. 146, Pt. 6, May 10, 2000 to May 23, 2000. U.S. Government Printing Office. December 2004. ISBN 9780160732300. Retrieved 18 February 2015.

[79] Reveron, Derek S. (2004). America's Viceroys. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1403964137. Retrieved 18 February 2015.

[80] "United States Army". Archived from the original on 2013-12-09. Retrieved 2008-07-01.

[82] NATO. "Kosovo Air Campaign (March-June 1999)". NATO. Retrieved 2024-05-19.

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[84] Roberts, Chris (2007-02-07). "Holloman commander recalls being shot down in Serbia". F-16.net. Retrieved 2024-05-19. [Lt Col Goldfein] felt a stinging sensation on his hand and he looked down to find blood welling from a minor shrapnel injury...

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[defenselink-86] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM U.S. CASUALTY STATUS as of July 19, 2021, 10 a.m. EDT" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on July 27, 2021. Retrieved August 1, 2021.

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[88] "US Navy SEAL killed, 3 injured in raid on Al Qaeda in Yemen". Fox News. 29 January 2017.

[Gugliotta-89] Gugliotta, Guy (April 2, 2012). "New Estimate Raises Civil War Death Toll". The New York Times. Retrieved April 7, 2018.

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[91] Peckham, Toll of Independence, 131.

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[101] List of border incidents involving North Korea

[102] Vietnam War casualties

[103] "U.S. and Coalition Casualties: Iraq". CNN. Archived from the original on June 11, 2009. Retrieved 2010-05-26.

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United States military casualties of war

Overview

Wars ranked by U.S. battle deaths

Wars ranked by total number of U.S. military deaths

Notes

See also

Notes

References

External links

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