Tornadoes of 1977

Fatal United States tornadoes in 1977
	class=notpageimage\| Approximate touchdown location of killer tornadoes in 1977
Summary of tornadoes
	February 23 – Mississippi (2 deaths); April 2 – Michigan (1 death); April 4 – Alabama (1 death); April 4 – Alabama (22 deaths); April 4 – Georgia (1 death); April 21 – Louisiana (1 death); May 4 – Missouri (2 deaths); May 4 – Missouri (1 death); May 15 – Oklahoma (1 death); July 30 – Wisconsin (1 death); August 21 – Illinois (6 deaths); September 14 – Arkansas (1 death); October 1 – Indiana (1 death); December 5 – Florida (1 death); December 13 – Texas (1 death); Total fatalities: 43

Tornadoes of 1977
	Tracks of all US tornadoes in 1977.
Timespan	January 3 - December 25, 1977
Maximum rated tornado	F5 tornado Birmingham, Alabama; on April 4;
Tornadoes in U.S.	680
Damage (U.S.)	Unknown
Fatalities (U.S.)	43
Fatalities (worldwide)	>161
	1975; 1976; 1977; 1978; 1979;

This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1977, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.

Synopsis

Numbers for 1977 were below average, both in terms of number of tornadoes and number of fatalities; however, there were over 700 injuries related to tornadoes.

Events

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FU	F0	F1	F2	F3	F4	F5	Total
0	166	332	135	37	9	1	680

January

5 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in January.^[3]^[4] ^[5]

February

17 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in February.^[6]^[7]

March

64 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in March.^[3]^[8]

March 28

FU	F0	F1	F2	F3	F4	F5
0	0	5	6	1	0	0

A small, widespread tornado outbreak caused an F2 tornado to strike the University of Southern Mississippi in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. Another F2 struck the downtown area of Lafayette, Louisiana. An F3 struck 5 to 10 houses northwest of Camden, Mississippi. Overall, there were only 10 injures, but no fatalities.^[9]

April

88 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in April.^[10]^[11]

April 4–5

FU	F0	F1	F2	F3	F4	F5
0	1	9	6	4	0	1

A violent F5 tornado struck the Smithfield, Alabama area in Northern Birmingham, sweeping away many homes and killing 22 people. The damage in Birmingham was so severe that when Ted Fujita flew over the damage, he toyed with rating the tornado an F6. It was the most severe tornado of a large outbreak of 21 tornadoes that extended from Mississippi to North Carolina, with several strong tornadoes documented. An F3 tornado also struck the Lindale, Georgia area, where 12 trailers were completely swept away off their foundations, killing one person. The storm system also caused the crash of Southern Airways Flight 242 in Georgia, which killed 72 and injured 22.^[12]

April 16 (China)

Three separate tornadoes touched down in Xiaogan, Huangpi, and Huanggang in Hubei province, causing catastrophic damage and many fatalities. Along the tornados’ path, villages were allegedly “obliterated” and concrete structures were destroyed. Severe damage were observed in Huangpi, where fuel tanks weighing 2,500 kilograms (5,500 pounds) were picked up and thrown over 200 meters (219 yards).^[13] At least 103 deaths were attributed to the Huanggang tornado alone, which leveled a high school auditorium leading to the death of dozens of students inside, making it the second deadliest tornado recorded in China since 1950.^[14]^[15]

In total across Hubei, at least 118 deaths and over 1100 injuries were attributed to the tornadoes.^[13]

May

228 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in May.^[16]

May 4–5

A low-pressure system swept across the Great Plains and Great Lakes regions, producing 3 F4 tornadoes: two in Missouri and one in Atlanta, Illinois. An F3 hit Harrisonville, Missouri. Overall, there were no fatalities, but several injuries.

May 16–21

A tornado near Shamrock, Texas on May 16, 1977.

A very large tornado outbreak moved across Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. This outbreak included one of the strongest tornadoes ever in the Oklahoma Panhandle, a long track F4 tornado which struck the small town of Keyes, Oklahoma and tracked into Baca County, Colorado, where it dissipated.^[17] An F2 tornado touched down in Moore, Oklahoma and moved through Oklahoma City. An F3 touched down very close to the Altus, Oklahoma AFB. A long track F2 tornado touched down near Elkhart, Kansas before continuing striking the eastern fridges of Ulysses, Kansas damaging several farms before tracking into the east side of Garden City, Kansas where more damage was noted before dissipating in northern Finney County after traveling 117 miles though it may have been a tornado family.^[18]^[19]^[20]^[21]^[22]^[23]^[24]

June

132 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in June.^[25]^[26]

July

99 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in July.^[27]^[28]

August

82 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in August.^[29]^[30]

August 21

An F3 tornado killed 6 and injured 56 in Neoga, Illinois.^[31]

September

65 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in September.^[32]^[33]

October

25 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in October.^[34]^[35]

November

24 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in November.^[36]^[37]

December

23 tornadoes were reported in the U.S. in December.^[38]^[39]

December 13

An F3 tornado touched down in northeast Houston, Texas at 08:05 local time and was on the ground for 25 miles and was up to 1,000 yd (3,000 ft) wide at times as it traveled northeast, destroying 12 homes, 18 mobile homes, and 13 small businesses. The tornado also damaged 128 homes. One man died when his truck was blown off a road into woods as he was trying to outrun the tornado and forty people were injured. The tornado's funnel rarely touched the ground as damage to treetops was noted but no ground damage was noted at the same location.^[40]^[41]

References

^ "1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "Severe Weather Database Files (1950-2021)". Storm Prediction Center. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. July 11, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2022.
^ ^a ^b "January, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "January, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ Ostby, Frederick P.; Pearson, Allen; Wilson, Larry (1978). "Weather Events of 1977". Weatherwise. 31: 3–12. doi:10.1080/00431672.1978.9931845. The Tornado Season of 1977.
^ "February, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "February, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "March, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "March 28, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "April, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "April, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "Smithfield Tornado 4/4/1977". weather.gov. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ ^a ^b "数据帝扒天气：历史上龙卷风给江苏带来过哪些灾痛？". weather.com.cn. 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
^ "1949～1990年中国龙卷风灾害事件表". wenku.baidu.com. 2010-12-23. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
^ "The Deadliest Tornado (EF4) in the Past 40 Years in China". American Meteorological Society. 2018-06-01. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
^ "May, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "Tornado History Project: 19770518.40.25".
^ "May 16, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "May 17, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "May 18, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "May 19, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "May 20, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "May 21, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "1977 Oklahoma Tornadoes". Srh.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "June, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "June, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "July, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "July, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "August, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "August, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "Tornado History Project: 19770821.17.30".
^ "September, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "September, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "October, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "October, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "November, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "November, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "December, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "December, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
^ "Storm Events Database Event Details". Nactional Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
^ "Storm Events Database Event Details". Nactional Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 24 August 2021.

[1] "1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[2] "Severe Weather Database Files (1950-2021)". Storm Prediction Center. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. July 11, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2022.

[tornadohistoryproject1977-3] "January, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[4] "January, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[tandfonline1978-5] Ostby, Frederick P.; Pearson, Allen; Wilson, Larry (1978). "Weather Events of 1977". Weatherwise. 31: 3–12. doi:10.1080/00431672.1978.9931845. The Tornado Season of 1977.

[6] "February, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[7] "February, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[8] "March, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[9] "March 28, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[10] "April, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[11] "April, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[12] "Smithfield Tornado 4/4/1977". weather.gov. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[数据帝扒天气：历史上龙卷风给江苏带来过哪些灾痛？-13] "数据帝扒天气：历史上龙卷风给江苏带来过哪些灾痛？". weather.com.cn. 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2021-05-20.

[14] "1949～1990年中国龙卷风灾害事件表". wenku.baidu.com. 2010-12-23. Retrieved 2021-05-20.

[15] "The Deadliest Tornado (EF4) in the Past 40 Years in China". American Meteorological Society. 2018-06-01. Retrieved 2021-05-20.

[16] "May, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[17] "Tornado History Project: 19770518.40.25".

[18] "May 16, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[19] "May 17, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[20] "May 18, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[21] "May 19, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[22] "May 20, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[23] "May 21, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[24] "1977 Oklahoma Tornadoes". Srh.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[25] "June, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[26] "June, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[27] "July, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[28] "July, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[29] "August, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[30] "August, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[31] "Tornado History Project: 19770821.17.30".

[32] "September, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[33] "September, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[34] "October, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[35] "October, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[36] "November, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[37] "November, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[38] "December, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[39] "December, 1977". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2015-12-12.

[40] "Storm Events Database Event Details". Nactional Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 24 August 2021.

[41] "Storm Events Database Event Details". Nactional Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 24 August 2021.

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