Saiful Rijal

Names
	Saiful Rijal Nurul Alam ibni Abdul Kahar Jalilul Alam
Regnal name
	Sultan Saiful Rijal Nurul Alam ibni Al-Marhum Paduka Sri Begawan Sultan Abdul Kahar Jalilul Alam

Saiful Rijal
سيف الرجال‎
Saiful Rijal ; سيف الرجال‎
Sultan of Brunei
Reign	1530–1581
Predecessor	Abdul Kahar
Successor	Shah Berunai
Born	Saiful Rijal ibni Abdul Kahar; Brunei
Died	1581; Istana Mazagong, Brunei Town, Brunei
Burial	Kianggeh Muslim Cemetery, Kianggeh, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
Issue; Detail	Sultan Shah Berunai; Sultan Muhammad Hasan; Raja Bonda; Pengiran Anak Kasim;
Names
Names
	Saiful Rijal Nurul Alam ibni Abdul Kahar Jalilul Alam
Regnal name
	Sultan Saiful Rijal Nurul Alam ibni Al-Marhum Paduka Sri Begawan Sultan Abdul Kahar Jalilul Alam
Father	Sultan Abdul Kahar
Religion	Sunni Islam

Saiful Rijal ibni Abdul Kahar (Jawi: سيف الرجال ابن عبد القهار‎; died 1581),^[1] also spelled Saiful Rehal and Saiful Rizal,^[2] was the eighth Sultan of Brunei and reigned from 1530 to 1581. He was succeeded by his eldest son Shah Berunai.

Its as during his reign, when the Castilian War occurred between the empires of the Brunei and Spain. In addition to the Philippines, he was also renowned for spreading Islamic teachings throughout Borneo.^[3] According to folk tales about his palace being located on King's Island (Pulau Raja) in Jerudong.^[4] The Sultan was also known as Sultan Lixar,^[5] and Sultan Nula Alan by the Spaniards.^[6]

Reign (1530–1581)

Ascension

Pengiran Muda Saiful Rijal was the eldest son of Sultan Abdul Kahar,^[7] therefore making him the successor to the throne after his father's abdication in 1530.^[8]

Castilian War

Exchanges between the Bornean port cities and the Spaniards who had taken control of the Philippine islands by seizing Manila in 1571 and Cebu in 1565. Manila charged Brunei of conducting Muslim missionary activities in the Philippines because of the Spaniards' zealous proselytising efforts to convert the entire archipelago to Christianity. In a letter dated 13 April 1578, to Brunei's Sultan Saiful Rijal, the Spanish Governor of the Philippines, Francisco de Sande, made the following accusation and gave the following order.^[9]

…it has been rumoured that you have tried and are trying to do us harm, and to make war upon us: that you have tried to induce and have solicited the natives of Lucon [Luzon and other districts to rebel and revolt against us, that you have sent spies to Cebu and other districts: that you have left your residence for this purpose of warring against us with a fleet of ships. ...that you shall send no preachers of the sect of Mahoma[d] to any part of these islands, nor to the heathen among the Tingues [hill-people], nor into other parts of your own island.

Brunei disregarded the order as well as the accusations.^[9] In revenge, the Spaniards attacked and took control of Brunei in the same month in 1578.^[10] Additionally with the assistance of two defectors, Pengiran Seri Lela and Pengiran Seri Ratna.^[11]^[12] When the Spaniards captured the capital, he chose to move the country's capital to Saragua, further emphasizing the importance of Sarawak.^[13] He also had to retreat to Piragong, in Ulu Sungai Brunei to strengthen the Brunei army.^[14] Moreover, to demonstrates the significant impact Brunei had on the nearby areas at the time, the Sultan ordered the reconstruction of their capital city when the Spaniards left Brunei probably in late July 1578.^[15]

Death

Sultan Saiful Rijal reportedly became ill near Bintala, but he later reportedly recovered and went back to Brunei. He resided in Istana Mazagong in Sungai Kedayan, where he also passed away in 1581.^[16] He is buried at Kianggeh Muslim Cemetery.^[17]