The X-ray source was first identified in the early 1970s.[3] The nature of the system was discovered in 1978 by astronomers who aligned a visual source of a reddened hot blue-white star with the X-ray source 4U 1538 - 52. The components are a blue-white supergiant estimated to have a mass around 20 times that of the Sun and a neutron star initially estimated at around 1.4 solar masses,[4] later revised to 0.8 solar masses. The stellar wind from the more massive star is drawn to the magnetic poles of neutron star, forming an accretion column and producing X-rays. The system has been estimated to lie anywhere from 4500 to 6500 parsecs (15,000-20,000 light-years) from Earth.[3]
^ abcOtero, Sebastian Alberto (23 May 2011). "V QV Nor". The International Variable Star Index. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
^ abHemphill, Paul B.; Rothschild, Richard E.; Markowitz, Alex; Fürst, Felix; Pottschmidt, Katja; Wilms, Jörn (2014). "A Clumpy Stellar Wind and Luminosity-dependent Cyclotron Line Revealed by the First Suzaku Observation of the High-mass X-Ray Binary 4U 1538-522". The Astrophysical Journal. 792 (1): 15. arXiv:1407.1028. Bibcode:2014ApJ...792...14H. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/792/1/14. S2CID28693293.