Porsgrunn

Porsgrunn Municipality
Porsgrunn kommune
Porsgrund  (historic name)
View of the town of Porsgrunn
View of the town of Porsgrunn
Telemark within Norway
Telemark within Norway
Porsgrunn within Telemark
Porsgrunn within Telemark
Coordinates: 59°6′56″N 9°42′36″E / 59.11556°N 9.71000°E / 59.11556; 9.71000
CountryNorway
CountyTelemark
DistrictGrenland
Established1 Jan 1838
 • Created asFormannskapsdistrikt
Administrative centrePorsgrunn
Government
 • Mayor (2023)Janicke Andreassen (Ap)
Area
 • Total164.45 km2 (63.49 sq mi)
 • Land160.78 km2 (62.08 sq mi)
 • Water3.67 km2 (1.42 sq mi)  2.2%
 • Rank#315 in Norway
Population
 (2023)
 • Total37,056
 • Rank#29 in Norway
 • Density230.5/km2 (597/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
Increase +4.7%
DemonymsPorsgrunnsfolk
Porsgrunnsmann
Porsgrunnskvinne[1]
Official language
 • Norwegian formBokmål
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-4001[3]
WebsiteOfficial website

Porsgrunn is a municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Grenland. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Porsgrunn. Some other notable settlements in Porsgrunn include the town of Brevik and the villages of Langangen and Heistad.[4]

The 164-square-kilometre (63 sq mi) municipality is the 315th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Porsgrunn is the 29th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 37,056. The municipality's population density is 230.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (597/sq mi) and its population has increased by 4.7% over the previous 10-year period.[5][6] The conurbation of the cities of Porsgrunn and Skien is called Porsgrunn/Skien by Statistics Norway and it is considered to be the seventh-largest urban area in Norway.

General information

View of the Langangen area
View of the town of Brevik in Porsgrunn Municipality

The town of Porsgrunn was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). The small urban town of Porsgrunn grew over time. On 1 July 1920, the growing town annexed some adjacent areas of some of the neighboring rural municipalities: an area of Gjerpen Municipality (population: 437), an area of Eidanger Municipality (population: 550), and an area of Solum Municipality (population: 1,614).[7]

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, there was a major municipal merger where the following areas were merged to form a new Porsgrunn Municipality.[7]

On 1 January 1968, an area of Skien Municipality (population: 3,554) was transferred to Porsgrunn Municipality (these areas had originally been part of Solum and Gjerpen municipalities).[7]

Name

The place is first mentioned in existing historical records in 1576 ("Porsgrund") by the writer Peder Claussøn Friis in his work Concerning the Kingdom of Norway (see the article: Norwegian literature). He writes: "Two and a half miles from the sea, the Skien River flows into the fjord, and that place is called Porsgrund." The name was probably given during medieval times to the then swampy area by the nuns of Gimsøy Abbey, who went here to collect the shrub pors ("Bog Myrtle"). The last element of the name grunn which means "ground".[4] The name was historically spelled Porsgrund. On 1 January 1930, the spelling of the name of the municipality was changed to Porsgrunn, giving it a more "Norwegianized" spelling.[8]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms was originally granted on 16 January 1905 for the town of Porsgrunn. The arms were originally devised in 1905 when the city needed a new city hall. After the municipal merger on 1 January 1964, the old arms were re-adopted by the new, larger Porsgrunn Municipality. The blazon is "Gules and azure, a bend between a bog myrtle branch and an anchor argent" (Norwegian: Delt av sølv skråbjelke. Øvre felt i rødt en sølv pors-kvist, nedre felt i blått et sølv anker). This means the arms have a red (above) and blue (below) field (background) and the charge is a diagonal bend (stripe) with an anchor below it and the branch of a bog myrtle plant above it. The charge has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The silver bend (stripe) symbolizes the small river running through the city. The bog myrtle plant is a canting symbol since the name Porsgrunn comes from the Norwegian word for the plant. The anchor on a blue background symbolizes the importance of the local harbor and sea. The arms were designed by Wilhelm Rudolph.[9][10]

Churches

Østre Porsgrunn Church

The Church of Norway has two parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Porsgrunn. It is part of the Skien prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark.

Churches in Porsgrunn
Parish (sokn) Church name Location of the church Year built
Eidanger Brevik Church Brevik 1963
Eidanger Church Eidanger c. 1150
Herøya Church Porsgrunn 1957
Langangen Church Langangen 1891
Stridsklev Church Porsgrunn 2000
Porsgrunn Vestre Porsgrunn Church Porsgrunn 1758
Østre Porsgrunn Church Porsgrunn 2019

History

Porsgrunn City Hall

Porsgrunn has been an important harbor town in the Grenland area since the late 16th century. In 1653, the Customs House was moved further down the Skien river from Skien to Porsgrunn mainly because industrial waste such as sawdust and mud made the river too shallow to allow boats to go any further up the river.[11] Moving the Custom House to Porsgrunn added to the flourishing harbor activity and Porsgrunn became a thriving market town with a ladested status.[12][13][14]

In the 18th century, Porsgrunn was the home of some of Norway's most influential families at the time, such as the Aalls, Cappelens, Løvenskiolds, and Deichmans. Also in this period, Porsgrunn was considered the cultural centre of Norway. The city was granted limited city status as a kjøpstad in 1807. The town was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838, and it was expanded to full city status in 1842.[12][13][14]

Porsgrunn was once home to Skomvær, the country's largest sailing ship. In 1985, the sculpture Amphitrite, the wave and the sea birds was unveiled in Porsgrunn. The sculpture, which is one of Jørleif Uthaug's best known works, has a nautical theme in honor of Porsgrunn's maritime history.

Geography

The river flowing through the town

Porsgrunn Municipality borders the municipalities of Skien and Siljan to the north, Bamble in the west, and Larvik in the east. It is part of a cluster of municipalities in southern Telemark that constitute the Grenland area of Norway. The Frierfjorden, Gunnekleivfjorden, and the mouth of the river Telemarksvassdraget or Porsgrunn River (Porsgrunnselva) are located in the western part of the municipality. The peninsula of Herøya, southeast of the main city centre, was originally an industrial park and has grown into a suburb of Porsgrunn. The Eidangerfjorden runs through the central part of the municipality.

Government

Porsgrunn Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[15] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Telemark District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Porsgrunn is made up of 49 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Porsgrunn kommunestyre 2023–2027 [16]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 6
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 12
  Industry and Business Party (Industri‑ og Næringspartiet) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Red Party (Rødt) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:49
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 2019–2023 [17]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 18
  People's Action No to More Road Tolls (Folkeaksjonen nei til mer bompenger) 1
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 4
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 3
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 7
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Red Party (Rødt) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:49
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 2015–2019 [18][19]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 20
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 5
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 10
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Red Party (Rødt) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
 City and Neighborhood Party (By og Nærmiljøpartiet)3
Total number of members:49
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 2011–2015 [20]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 16
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 5
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 10
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Red Party (Rødt) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
 City and Neighborhood Party (By og Nærmiljøpartiet)9
Total number of members:49
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 2007–2011 [19]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 19
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
 City List (Bylista)1
Total number of members:49
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 2003–2007 [19]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 17
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:49
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1999–2003 [19][21]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 21
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 10
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 7
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:49
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1995–1999 [22]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 19
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 8
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 8
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
Total number of members:49
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1991–1995 [23]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 24
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 5
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 14
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 12
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:69
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1987–1991 [24]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 32
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 8
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 15
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:69
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1983–1987 [25]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 37
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 16
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 6
  Liberal People's Party (Liberale Folkepartiet) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
 Carl I. Hagen's election list (Carl I. Hagens folkevalgte)1
Total number of members:69
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1979–1983 [26]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 35
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 17
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 8
  New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:69
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1975–1979 [27]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 32
  Anders Lange's Party (Anders Langes parti) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 10
  New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 6
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:69
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1971–1975 [28]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 32
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 9
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 6
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 11
 Socialist common list (Venstresosialistiske felleslister)3
Total number of members:69
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1967–1971 [29]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 33
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 9
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 13
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 1
Total number of members:69
Porsgrunn kommunestyre 1963–1967 [30]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 35
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 10
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 12
Total number of members:69
Porsgrunn bystyre 1959–1963 [31]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 19
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 8
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 10
Total number of members:45
Porsgrunn bystyre 1955–1959 [32]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 19
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 8
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:45
Porsgrunn bystyre 1951–1955 [33]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 17
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 8
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 8
Total number of members:44
Porsgrunn bystyre 1947–1951 [34]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 8
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 7
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet) 10
Total number of members:44
Porsgrunn bystyre 1945–1947 [35]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 7
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 9
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 8
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 6
Total number of members:44
Porsgrunn bystyre 1937–1940* [36]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 19
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 5
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 8
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 1
Total number of members:44
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.
Porsgrunn bystyre 1934–1937 [37]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 16
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Nasjonal Samling Party (Nasjonal Samling) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 8
Total number of members:44
Porsgrunn bystyre 1931–1934 [38]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 14
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:44
Porsgrund bystyre 1928–1931 [39]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 7
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 13
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
Total number of members:44
Porsgrund bystyre 1925–1928 [40]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 1
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 5
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 16
  Social Democratic Labour Party
(Socialdemokratiske Arbeiderparti)
5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 8
 Workers' Common List (Arbeidernes fellesliste)9
Total number of members:44
Porsgrund bystyre 1922–1925 [41]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 19
  Social Democratic Labour Party
(Socialdemokratiske Arbeiderparti)
3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 10
Total number of members:44

Mayors

The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Porsgrunn (incomplete list):[42]

Industry

Porsgrunn is an important center of industry and has a long history of heavy industry. Important industries in Porsgrunn include:

Transportation

Transportation links from Porsgrunn:

Notable people

Cort Adeler
Severin Løvenskiold, 1854

Public service and public thinking

Business

The Arts

Halfdan Christensen, ca.1940

Sport

Rune Jarstein, 2019

Twin towns – sister cities

Porsgrunn is twinned with:[46]

References

  1. ^ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  4. ^ a b Nilsen, Jan Erik, ed. (15 August 2023). "Porsgrunn". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  5. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  6. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in Norwegian).
  7. ^ a b c Jukvam, Dag (1999). Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå. ISBN 9788253746845.
  8. ^ "Norsk Lovtidende. 2den Afdeling. 1930. Samling af Love, Resolutioner m.m". Norsk Lovtidend (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norway: Grøndahl og Søns Boktrykkeri: 18. 1930.
  9. ^ "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  10. ^ "Porsgrunn kommune, våpen". Digitalarkivet (in Norwegian). Arkivverket. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  11. ^ ""Historien vår"-byhistorisk utstilling" (in Norwegian). Porsgrunn Kommune. Retrieved 16 June 2007.
  12. ^ a b Tønnessen, Johan N. (1956–1957). Porsgrunns historie (in Norwegian).
  13. ^ a b Moseng, Ole Georg (2006). Porsgrunns historie . Bind I . Byen i emning (in Norwegian). ISBN 9788299738811.
  14. ^ a b Schrumpf, Ellen (2006). Porsgrunns historie . Bind II . Byen ved elva (in Norwegian). ISBN 9788299738804.
  15. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  16. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2023 - Telemark". Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  17. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2019 - Vestfold og Telemark". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  18. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2015 - Telemark". Valg Direktoratet.
  19. ^ a b c d "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  20. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Telemark". Valg Direktoratet.
  21. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1999" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 2000. ISBN 8253748531. ISSN 0332-8023.
  22. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. ISBN 8253743351. ISSN 0332-8023.
  23. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. ISBN 8253737939. ISSN 0332-8023.
  24. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. ISBN 8253726325. ISSN 0332-8023.
  25. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. ISBN 8253720378. ISSN 0332-8023.
  26. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. ISBN 8253710836. ISSN 0332-8023.
  27. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. ISBN 8253705646.
  28. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. ISBN 8253701144.
  29. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967.
  30. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964.
  31. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960.
  32. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957.
  33. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952.
  34. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948.
  35. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947.
  36. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938.
  37. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1934" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1935.
  38. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1931" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1932.
  39. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1928" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1929.
  40. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1925" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1926.
  41. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1922" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1923.
  42. ^ Lund, Carl (1907). Porsgrunn 1807–1907: Et Hundreaars Minde (in Norwegian). Porsgrund, Norge: Brødrene Dyrings Bogtrykkeri. ISBN 9781286334409.
  43. ^ Øverbø, Solfrid Leirgul (25 September 2023). "Hun blir Porsgrunns nye ordfører: – Alle skal få noe". NRK (in Norwegian). Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  44. ^ Tone Schwarzott at IMDb. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  45. ^ Yngvar Numme at IMDb. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  46. ^ "Vennskapskommuner for Porsgrunn og Brevik" (in Norwegian). Porsgrunn kommune. Retrieved 17 January 2009.

Read other articles:

2nd South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment (Colored)South Carolina state flagActiveMay 22, 1863, to February 8, 1864CountryUnited StatesAllegianceUnited States of AmericaUnionBranchInfantryEquipmentRifled musketsEngagementsRaid at Combahee FerryBurning of Darien, GeorgiaMilitary unit The 2nd South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment (Colored) was an African-American infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was among the scores of units raised startin…

هذه المقالة عن المجموعة العرقية الأتراك وليس عن من يحملون جنسية الجمهورية التركية أتراكTürkler (بالتركية) التعداد الكليالتعداد 70~83 مليون نسمةمناطق الوجود المميزةالبلد  القائمة ... تركياألمانياسورياالعراقبلغارياالولايات المتحدةفرنساالمملكة المتحدةهولنداالنمساأسترالياب…

Северный морской котик Самец Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:Синапсиды…

John GibsonJohn Gibson karya Margaret Sarah CarpenterLahir(1790-06-19)19 Juni 1790Conwy, WalesMeninggal27 Januari 1866(1866-01-27) (umur 75)Rome, ItaliaKebangsaanWalesDikenal atasPatungKarya terkenalQueen Victoria Supported by Justice and Clemency (1855); Hunter and dog (1838) Paris karya John Gibson RSA 1824 John Gibson (19 Juni 1790 – 27 Januari 1866) adalah seorang pematung Neoklasik Wales yang menjalani kebanyakan masa kariernya di Italia. Kehidupan Kehidupan awal Detail patung Willia…

若纳斯·萨文比Jonas Savimbi若纳斯·萨文比,摄于1990年出生(1934-08-03)1934年8月3日 葡屬西非比耶省Munhango(葡萄牙語:Munhango)逝世2002年2月22日(2002歲—02—22)(67歲) 安哥拉莫希科省卢库塞效命 安哥拉民族解放阵线 (1964–1966) 争取安哥拉彻底独立全国联盟 (1966–2002)服役年份1964 – 2002军衔将军参与战争安哥拉独立战争安哥拉內戰 若纳斯·马列罗·萨文比(Jonas Malheiro Savimbi,1934…

Virginia vehicle license plates VirginiaCurrent seriesSloganVirginia is for LoversSize12 in × 6 in30 cm × 15 cmMaterialAluminumSerial formatABC-1234IntroducedMarch 2014 (2014-03)AvailabilityIssued byVirginia Department of Motor VehiclesHistoryFirst issuedJune 1906 (1906-06)vte The U.S. state of Virginia first required its residents to register their motor vehicles and display license plates in 1906. As of 2022[update], plates are issued…

此条目序言章节没有充分总结全文内容要点。 (2019年3月21日)请考虑扩充序言,清晰概述条目所有重點。请在条目的讨论页讨论此问题。 哈萨克斯坦總統哈薩克總統旗現任Қасым-Жомарт Кемелұлы Тоқаев卡瑟姆若马尔特·托卡耶夫自2019年3月20日在任任期7年首任努尔苏丹·纳扎尔巴耶夫设立1990年4月24日(哈薩克蘇維埃社會主義共和國總統) 哈萨克斯坦 哈萨克斯坦政府與…

Частина серії проФілософіяLeft to right: Plato, Kant, Nietzsche, Buddha, Confucius, AverroesПлатонКантНіцшеБуддаКонфуційАверроес Філософи Епістемологи Естетики Етики Логіки Метафізики Соціально-політичні філософи Традиції Аналітична Арістотелівська Африканська Близькосхідна іранська Буддійсь…

Hikarian超特急ヒカリアン(Chō-Tokkyū Hikarian)GenreMecha, Superhero Video animasi orisinalHeroic Super-Express HikarianSutradaraHiroyuki FukushimaChikae KuwaharaProduserIori SuzukiSkenarioHiroyuki FukushimaMusikTakumi KusanagiStudioArtmicTayang1996Episode3 Seri animeJapan Hikarian RailroadSutradaraShuichi Kazuyuki HirokawaYoshikata NittaProduserTomyIori SuzukiSkenarioToshiki InoueHideki ShiraneMusikYuzo HayashiStudioTokyo KidsSaluranasliTV TokyoTayang 2 April 1997 – 29 Maret 2000Episo…

Extinct Australian Aboriginal language MuruwariRegionQueensland and New South Wales, AustraliaEthnicityMuruwariExtinct20th centuryLanguage familyPama–Nyungan Southeastern?Central New South Wales?MuruwariDialects Barranbinja? Ngarntukuri Kungkakuri Kantakuri Purukuri Thinuntu Language codesISO 639-3zmuGlottologmuru1266AIATSIS[1]D32ELPMuruwariMuruwari (green) among other Pama–Nyungan languages (tan) Muruwari (also Muruwarri, Murawari, Murawarri) is an extinct Australian Aboriginal lang…

الأوضاع القانونية لزواج المثليين زواج المثليين يتم الاعتراف به وعقده هولندا1 بلجيكا إسبانبا كندا جنوب أفريقيا النرويج السويد المكسيك البرتغال آيسلندا الأرجنتين الدنمارك البرازيل فرنسا الأوروغواي نيوزيلندا3 المملكة المتحدة4 لوكسمبورغ الولايات المتحدة5 جمهورية أيرلندا كو…

Syrup made from the hydrolysis of starch Glucose syrup on a black surface Glucose syrup, also known as confectioner's glucose, is a syrup made from the hydrolysis of starch. Glucose is a sugar. Maize (corn) is commonly used as the source of the starch in the US, in which case the syrup is called corn syrup, but glucose syrup is also made from potatoes and wheat, and less often from barley, rice and cassava.[1]p. 21[2] Glucose syrup containing over 90% glucose is used in indu…

For the twin-engined 1940s fighter, see de Havilland Hornet. DH.87 Hornet Moth 1936 de Havilland DH.87B Hornet Moth Role Trainer and TourerType of aircraft Manufacturer de Havilland First flight 9 May 1934 Status still in operation Primary user private owner pilots Produced 1935–1938 Number built 164 The de Havilland DH.87 Hornet Moth is a single-engined cabin biplane designed by the de Havilland Aircraft Company in 1934 as a potential replacement for its highly successful de Havilland Ti…

British Army officer initial training centre Royal Military Academy SandhurstNew College buildingsMottoServe to leadTypeMilitary academyEstablished1947 (1947) (merger of Royal Military Academy, founded 1741, and Royal Military College, founded 1801)Parent institutionArmy Recruiting and Initial Training CommandAffiliationBritish ArmyCommandantMajor-General Zachary StenningLocationSandhurst, Berkshire, United KingdomMarchScipio (Slow) British Grenadiers (Quick)ColorsRed, yellow and blueWebsit…

Bhayangkara Presisi Indonesia FCNama lengkapBhayangkara Presisi Indonesia Football ClubJulukanThe GuardiansBerdiri 1970 sebagai Persikubar 2010 sebagai Persebaya DU 22 Agustus 2015 sebagai Persebaya United 26 September 2015 sebagai Bonek FC 28 Oktober 2015 sebagai Surabaya United 13 April 2016 sebagai Bhayangkara Surabaya United 8 September 2016 sebagai Bhayangkara F.C. 2023 sebagai Bhayangkara Presisi Indonesia FC Stadion Stadion Patriot Candrabhaga, Bekasi Stadion PTIK, Provinsi DKI Jakarta Pe…

Research station offshoots Many research stations in Antarctica support satellite field camps which are, in general, seasonal camps. The type of field camp can vary – some are permanent structures used during the annual Antarctic summer, whereas others are little more than tents used to support short term activities. Field camps are used for many things, from logistics (Sky Blu) to dedicated scientific research (WAIS Divide Field Camp). List of field camps List:  A B C D E F G H I J K…

Facility that processes crude oil Anacortes Refinery, on the north end of March Point southeast of Anacortes, Washington, United States Grangemouth Refinery, in Scotland Jamnagar Refinery, the world's largest oil refinery, in Gujarat, India An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refined into products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, asphalt base, fuel oils, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas and petro…

Kind of performance art involving hardship Marina Abramović's The Artist is Present, 2010, Museum of Modern Art, New York. Abramović sat silently opposite museum visitors for eight hours a day for three months, a total of 750 hours.[1] The artist Abel Azcona during The Death of The Artist at Círculo de Bellas Artes de Madrid Endurance art is a kind of performance art involving some form of hardship, such as pain, solitude or exhaustion.[2] Performances that focus on the passag…

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Baltik (disambiguasi). Laut Baltik dan negara-negara di sekitarnya Istilah wilayah Baltik, negara-negara Rim Baltik, dan Rim Baltik merujuk kepada kombinasi berbeda dari negara-negara di wilayah utama di sekitaran Laut Baltik. Etimologi Artikel utama: Baltik (nama) Orang pertama yang memakai sebutan Laut Baltik (Mare Balticum) adalah pembuat kronik Jerman abad kesebelas Adam dari Bremen. Pengartian Bergantung pada konteks-nya, wilayah Baltik dapat terdiri dari: Negara-…

Real LoveDigital dan sampul versi LOVE BOUQUETAlbum studio karya Oh My GirlDirilis28 Maret 2022 (2022-03-28)Durasi32:17BahasaBahasa KoreaLabel WM Sony Music Korea Kronologi Oh My Girl Dear OhMyGirl(2021) Real Love(2022) Oh My Girl Best(2022) Singel dalam album Real Love Real LoveDirilis: 28 Maret 2022 (2022-03-28) Real Love adalah album studio berbahasa Korea kedua (kelima secara keseluruhan) oleh girl grup Korea Selatan Oh My Girl. Ini dirilis pada 28 Maret 2022, oleh WM Entertain…