Mental health counselor

A mental health counselor (MHC), or counselor (counsellor in British English), is a person who works with individuals and groups to promote optimum mental and emotional health. Such persons may help individuals deal with issues associated with addiction and substance abuse; family, parenting, and marital problems; stress management; self-esteem; and aging. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics distinguishes "Mental Health Counselors" from "Social Workers", "Psychiatrists", and "Psychologists".^[1]

Duties

The legal definition of a counselor varies due to the different specializations within counseling. In their own jurisdictions, there are counselors, marriage and family therapists, and psychologists.^[2] In spite of such definitions, many mental health professionals reject the medical model (which assumes that clients are "disordered") in favor of broader viewpoints, such as those that emerged from systems psychology.^[3]

Service users

MHCs work with individuals, couples, families, and groups to address and treat emotional and mental disorders and to promote mental health. Most mental health counselors in the U.S. work in outpatient and residential care centers, individual and family services, and local governments.^[1] They are trained in a variety of therapeutic techniques used to address issues, including depression, anxiety, addiction and substance abuse, suicidal impulses, stress, problems with self-esteem, and grief. They also help with job and career concerns, educational decisions, issues related to mental and emotional health, and family, parenting, marital, or other relationship problems. Some career concerns include helping employees who have mental health conditions to manage their health condition whilst adhering to organizational demands to demonstrate performance and commitment to their work.^[4]

MHCs also continue to play a growing role in the military mental health crisis, helping military personnel and their families deal with issues such as PTSD.^[5] MHCs often work closely with other mental health specialists, such as psychiatrists, psychologists, clinical social workers, psychiatric nurses, and school counselors. Many mental health counselors look to help their clients have a concise whole body treatment plan that addresses all the needs of the client. In the United States, MHCs diagnose as well as treat mental illness,^[6] though the scope of practice for mental health practitioners varies from state to state.

There are some mental health counselors who are able to prescribe medication. There are psychiatrists and mental health practitioners.^[7] Recently, there have been a few states that have allowed licensed psychologists with additional training to be able to prescribe.^[8] And there is a recent motion that is allowing interstate practice, meaning that counselors can use their license in other states than the one they received their license in.^[9]

Regulation

United States

Licensing requirements can vary depending on which state a mental health counselor practices in. Across the United States, mental health counseling licensure is required to independently practice, but can be practiced without a license if under close supervision of a licensed practitioner. Licensing titles for mental health counselors vary from state to state: Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC), and various forms of these titles may list differently per state statues. The title "Mental Health Counselor" (or variation thereof) is often a protected title and thus it may be a violation of state law for persons to hold themselves as such without a proper credential.

A licensed mental health counselor holds a minimum of a master's degree in counseling or another closely related field in mental health care. After obtaining a master's degree, mental health counselors complete two to three years (depending on various state statutes) of clinical work under the supervision of a licensed or certified mental health professional. The qualifications for licensure are similar to those for marriage and family therapists and for clinical social workers.^[10] Becoming a counselor and using it in daily life to help others to learn more about themselves is not a reason for someone to pursue a degree within this field. Ethics within this profession require the counselor to remain professional to be able to adequately treat patients. Remaining detached as the witness to a client's thought, feelings, and emotions can be a hard thing to do, but will ultimately reassure a patient that there are no judgement to what they will share.^[11] Guiding a patient to understand themselves and their choices is also another aspect of this profession.

References

Citations

^ ^a ^b "21-1014 Mental Health Counselors". Occupational Employment Statistics. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 1 April 2014. Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014. Counsel with emphasis on prevention. Work with individuals and groups to promote optimum mental and emotional health. May help individuals deal with issues associated with addictions and substance abuse; family, parenting, and marital problems; stress management; self-esteem; and aging. Excludes "Social Workers" (21-1021 through 21-1029), "Psychiatrists" (29-1066), and "Psychologists" (19-3031 through 19-3039).
^ "Types of Mental Health Professionals". Mental Health America. Retrieved 2023-04-26.
^ "Legal, Ethical, and Professional Issues in Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy". Archived from the original on 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
^ Elraz, H. (2018). Identity, mental health and work: How employees with mental health conditions recount stigma and the pejorative discourse of mental illness. Human Relations, 71(5), 722-741. doi:10.1177/0018726717716752
^ "Mental Health Counseling Careers". Antioch University. Archived from the original on Feb 4, 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
^ "Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-09 Edition". United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. December 18, 2007. Archived from the original on Aug 30, 2009.
^ "What Does a Licensed Mental Health Counselor Do?". TEACH.com. July 2022. Archived from the original on Jun 1, 2023. Retrieved 2023-06-01.
^ DeAngelis, Tori (Fall 2017). "Prescriptive authority: renewed action in the states" (PDF). Good Practice. APA Services. Archived (PDF) from the original on Aug 4, 2022. Retrieved 2023-06-01.
^ Clay, Rebecca A. (July 2, 2021). "PSYPACT: 26 states have now passed laws allowing interstate practice". APA Services. Retrieved 2023-06-01.
^ "Facts About Clinical Mental Health Counselors". American Mental Health Counselors Association. Archived from the original on 2014-11-03. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
^ Koocher, Gerald P.; Keith-Spiegel, Patricia (2008). Ethics in psychology and the mental health professions: Standards and cases (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.

General sources

Brooks, D.K.; Weikel, W.J. (1996). "Mental health counseling: The first twenty years". In Weikel, W.J.; Palmo, A.J. (eds.). Foundations of mental health counseling (2nd ed.). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. pp. 5–29. ISBN 0-398-06669-8. OCLC 468776809.
Hershenson, D.B.; Strein, W. (1991). "Toward a mentally healthy curriculum for mental health counselor education". Journal of Mental Health Counseling. 13: 247–252.
Palmo, A.J.; Shosh, M.J.; Weikel, W.J. (2001). "The independent practice of mental health counseling: past, present, and future". In Locke, D.C.; Myers, J.E.; Herr, E.L. (eds.). The handbook of counseling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. pp. 653–667. ISBN 1-4522-6259-4. OCLC 299074204.
Seiler, G.; Brooks, D.; Beck, E.S. (1987). "Training Standards for Mental Health Counselors". Journal of Mental Health Counseling. 9 (4): 199–209.
Smith, H.B.; Weikel, W.J. (2006). "Mental health counseling: The first thirty years and beyond". In Palmo, A.J.; Weikel, W.J.; Borsos, D.P. (eds.). Foundations of mental health counseling (3rd ed.). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. pp. 5–29. ISBN 0-398-07604-9. OCLC 300305939.
Prepared June 2008 by William J. Weikel. Ph.D., Howard Smith, Ed.D., Artis J. Palmo, Ph.D., and Edward Beck, Ed.D.^{[full citation needed]}