This is an alphabetical listing of cities and countries that have commuter or suburban railways that are currently operational and in service. Commuter and suburban rail systems are train services that connect city centres with outer suburbs or nearby cities, with most passengers traveling for work or school. Unlike metros or light rail these systems usually operate on main line tracks unsegregated from other rail traffic. They differ from regional rail in that they usually have a hub-and-spoke paradigm and are focused on moving large number of passengers to a central business district.
^Most of this company's once-extensive rail lines have closed, and this company now primarily functions as a bus operator on its former railway routes.
^Only the Atsumi Line is a commuter railway, the other line that Toyotetsu operates, the Azumada Main Line, is a tram line.
^The company itself does not own any rolling stocks, instead it provides through service for 4 other railway companies (Shintetsu, Hanshin, Hankyu, and Sanyo) into Kobe city center.
^As the name "Tozan", or "mountain-climbing", indicates, this line is a primary scenic railway for the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park uphill. However, Odakyu commuter trains operate on the section from Odawara to Hakone-Yumoto, thus only this section should be considered as commuter rail.
^1 Sydney, Melbourne, Berlin, Copenhagen, Hamburg, London, Paris (RER) and São Paulo (CPTM) have hybrid systems, with trains running as metro-like services (on segregated track—usually in tunnel—and with high frequency) in their inner cities, but as main-line commuter services in the suburbs. Nonetheless, the International Association of Public Transport (French: L’Union internationale des transports publics (UITP)) does not consider these systems to be "metro" systems.[85]
^"Dresdner S-Bahn feiert 40-jährige Erfolgsgeschichte und blickt auf eine vielversprechende Zukunft" (Press release) (in German). DB Mobility Logistics AG. 15 November 2013.
^Defined here as the Suicacoverage area (as of 2012.05.31) in the Niigata area, omitting the Jōetsu Shinkansen. The Suica coverage area is identical in scope to JR East's Niigata Suburban Area (新潟近郊区間)
^Defined here as JR East's Tokyo Suburban Area (東京近郊区間) for fare-calculation purposes, and roughly correlating with the Suicacoverage area (as of 2012.03.17). However, Suica coverage does not extend to the Karasuyama Line, Kashima Line, and Kururi Line, which are considered part of the Tokyo Suburban Area.
^"Metros: Keeping pace with 21st century cities". uitp.org. International Association of Public Transport (French: L’Union internationale des transports publics (UITP)). Retrieved 2014-08-12. Suburban railways (such as the Paris RER, the Berlin S-Bahn and the Kuala Lumpur International Airport express line) are not included [in the list of world metro systems].
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