This is a list of notable baked or steamed bread varieties. This list does not include cakes, pastries, or fried dough foods, which are listed in separate Wikipedia articles. It also does not list foods in which bread is an ingredient which is processed further before serving.
Breads
Name
Image
Type
Origin
Description (including main ingredients and notable aspects)
Bowl-shaped thin pancakes, made of fermented rice flour, shaped via cooking utensil, neutral taste, served usually with spicy condiment or curry, for breakfast or dinner.
Pancake consumed in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. They are small, spongy, and made with semolina or flour; when cooked correctly, they are riddled with tiny holes (which soak up whatever sauce they are served with).
Thin elongated loaf, made of water, flour, yeast, and salt, instantly recognizable by slits cut in top surface before baking to allow gas expansion. Can be cut to resemble the shape of wheat and called Pain d'épi.
Modern types are made with baking soda or baking powder as leavening agent, giving a light, airy texture. May be baked or fried. Some Native American peoples in North America prepare their own versions of bannock.
Similar to a bagel, but instead of a hole it has only a dimple on top, which is filled with a bit of butter and diced onion or garlic. Known as a cebularz in Poland.
This refers to the North American quick bread, generally light and fluffy (similar to a scone). Elsewhere the term biscuit means a small baked product that would be called either a "cookie" or a "cracker" in the United States and most of English-speaking Canada.
Doughy, white bread bun (roll) specialty; particularly associated with Waterford, Ireland. Currently made in Waterford and County Kilkenny, and was historically made in Wexford.
A savoury bread commonly found in Mexico and Central America. It is a variation of the baguette, shorter in length (roughly 15 centimeters), with a crunchy crust and a soft inside known as migajón.
Unlike the cornbread typical of the southern United States, made of mix of cornmeal and wheat or rye flour, leavened with yeast rather than baking powder or baking soda.
Baked during Christmas season with a solid silver coin in the dough for good luck; the family member whose bread piece contains the coin is viewed as the most fortunate for that year.
Chapati is a circular flatbread made of flour, water, and oil that is then cooked on a stove. It's been a staple in Indian households for many centuries and is even mentioned in old Sanskrit texts. Chapati originated in India and later spread to Southeast and Central Asia, East Africa, and the Caribbean, where it remains part of the everyday diet.
Made from chickpea flour. The most significant difference of this type of bread is, instead of using regular yeast, they use a yeast made with chickpeas.
Also known as a "Swiss pancake", as its name self-explains, a Swiss pancake, or "shredded, fried crepe", is a breakfast pancake with dried fruit filling. This preparation should not be confused with Hollermus, or Holdermus, which is an elderberry mash.
Bread is hollowed out and either toasted or fried before it is filled with a creamy stew of chicken, seafood, tripe, or mushroom. It is then topped with a piece of toasted or fried bread, creating the "coffin" look
Name refers mostly to shape of loaf, not consistency, loaves are made when larger and smaller roughly spherical balls are squashed together, forming a cottage shape.
A baked good typically made from a grain and flour, dough and usually manufactured in large quantities. Crackers (roughly equivalent to savory biscuits in the United Kingdom and the Isle of Man) are usually flat, crisp, small in size (usually 3 inches or less in diameter) and made in various shapes, commonly round or square.
Extremely thin pancakes, usually stuffed with sweet fillings, such as jam, butter, sugar, honey, salted caramel or chocolate-hazelnut spread. In Canada, they are often filled with fruit and consumed as a breakfast dish.
Fermented crêpe or pancake made from ricebatter and black lentils. It is also served with variety of fillings like potato, coconut, paneer, vegetables, dry fruits etc.
This bread does not require any yeast.[6] Ingredients include flour, water, butter, sugar, baking powder, salt, and milk; oftentimes, shredded coconut is also added to the dough.[4][7]
Spherical pancake or ball waffle popular in Hong Kong and Macao. The food item is also referred to as an egg puff, egg waffle, puffle or by its Cantonese name, gai daan jai, and is made from eggs, sugar, flour, and light evaporated milk.
Small, round, thin, usually dusted with semolina and served split horizontally, toasted, buttered, eaten as a snack alone or part of meal, usually breakfast or, in the UK and Ireland, early-evening tea. In the UK, usually just called a "muffin".
Extremely thin pancakes also called a buckwheat galette or Breton galette, it is similar to a crêpe, but made with buckwheat rather than flour. It is traditionally filled with savory fillings, such as ham, cheese, eggs, mushroom, tomatoes, onions and/or salad.
A type of long roll used to prepare hoagie sandwiches. Ingredients used in hoagie roll preparation include flour, egg, milk, vegetable oil, salt, sugar and yeast. Some versions include sesame seeds atop the roll
Fried gruel made of yellow or white cornmeal, mixed with salt, hot water or milk and cooked in a skillet or oven; sometimes sweetened; attributed to Native Americans.
Common Thai street food, resemble tacos made of rice flour, usually first topped or filled with coconut cream, then sweet or savory toppings: shredded coconut, strips of fried eggs or egg yolks, chopped scallions.
Common Rajasthani food, resembling a thicker version of roti or chapati in its round shape, a little hard from outside but soft inside. Made with ghee and wheat flour. In some parts of Rajasthan it's also called Jadi Roti.
Similar to a bagel, but the dough starts as a wedge and is rolled into a crescent shape rather than a circle – or sometimes into a straight stick. The kipferl is usually given an egg wash and sprinkled with either poppy seeds or caraway seeds mixed with coarse salt.
Made of maida flour dough, mashed potatoes, onion (optional), many spices, rolled into flat round shape, baked until golden brown, usually rubbed with butter, eaten with spicy chickpea curry.
Unleavened, sometimes called a "Chinese pancake", very much like Indian chapati, can be size of a large pizza, about one centimeter thick, doughy and chewy texture, made by pan frying thick unleavened batter made of salt, flour, water.
Soft, thin, dough is rolled out flat, flexible when fresh, easier to use for wrap sandwiches, dries fast and grows brittle and hard, for long storage. A traditional dish of Armenian cuisine. In 2014, "lavash, the preparation, meaning and appearance of traditional bread as an expression of culture in Armenia" was inscribed in the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.[8]
Llonguet or French bread is a type of small oval bread with a groove on the top. It is made with flour, water, yeast and salt. It is a bun, similar to a French roll, with a consistent crust and loose crumb that is mainly used to make sandwiches.
Pizza-like dough (flour, water, yeast, salt) kneaded well, risen, cut to large rounds, stretched, repeatedly warm ghee spread on dough as it is folded, round is stretched into flat round form, baked in tandoor-like oven.
Usually large, round dough, about 2 feet in diameter, kept thin before baking; can be baked either in a clay oven or on a saj, a domed-convex metal griddle.
Made of enriched dough covered in thin layer of crispy cookie dough. Pineapple bun is a similar sweet bread from Hong Kong, and a Korean variation Soboro bread uses peanut butter in the top layer.
A bagel that is boiled in honey-sweetened water and then baked in a wood-fired oven. It is smaller and denser and uniquely incorporates egg and honey in the dough.
A ring-shaped bread product made of strands of dough twisted into a spiral that is boiled and sprinkled with salt, poppy seeds, sesame seeds, etc., before being baked
Traditional sweet yeast loaf, most popular around Christmas and New Year, typically Veronese, usually shaped like a frustum with 8 pointed-star section, often served dusted with vanilla scented icing sugar made to resemble the snowy peaks of the Italian Alps in winter.
Traditional flatbread, thin, crisp, usually in form of a dish half a meter wide, made by taking baked flatbread, splitting it in two sheets that are re-baked, recipe is ancient for shepherds who used to stay far from home for months, can last up to one year if kept dry.
White, distinguished by its shape and softness, made of several small sub-loaves or rolls to be broken off by hand, with oil added to dough, which makes it soft.
Fluffy, base round, octagon or star section, takes days to make to cure acidic dough like sourdough, contains candied citrus, raisins, sliced vertically, served with cider or champagne, esp. for Christmas, New Year.
Thin, crisp, and cracker-like, served with meal, as appetizer, as final item in meal, or as snack, eaten with various toppings: chopped onions, chutney, other dips and condiments.
Unleavened, made by pan frying whole wheat dough, ghee or cooking oil usually in dough and on done loaves, usually stuffed with vegetables or cheese, served with butter, chutney, spicy sauces or curries of meat and vegetables.
A common layered flatbread of South India. Also known as a barotta, this is not to be confused with the North Indian Paratha. Parottas are usually available in restaurants and road side shops across Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and southern Coastal Andhra.
Called pitta in the UK. Round with inner pocket, as it cooks, steam puffs up dough, as it cools and flattens a pocket is left in the middle. A small version Khobz, is popular in Arab countries.
Thin, usually made in Romagna region with white flour, lard or olive oil, salt, water, dough traditionally cooked on terra cotta dish, today flat pans or electric griddles are more common.
Generally made from wheat flour, but barley and sometimes rye may be added. Can be stuffed with potatoes, ground beef, or cheese, and have grains and herbs like sesame, black sesame, dried dill in the dough or sprinkled on top.
Round, made with milk, sugar or honey, subtly sweet lightly textured loaf, traditionally made for Christmas and Easter times (with hard boiled eggs often baked in), today made year round.
Potato replaces part of usual wheat flour, ratio of potato to wheat varies much, leavened or unleavened, may have many other ingredients baked in, varied cooking methods.
Very heavy, dense, slightly sweet dark pure rye traditionally made with coarsely ground flour; now often made with mixed flour and whole grain berries.
A type of moist quick bread made with pumpkin. The pumpkin can be cooked and softened before being used or simply baked with the bread; using canned pumpkin renders it a simpler dish to prepare. Additional ingredients include nuts (such as walnuts).
Puran Poli, also called Obbatu, Bobbatlu, Bakshalu
Sweet dessert served for special occasions and festivals, stuffing of boiled chickpea lentils, turmeric, sugar, jaggery and spices, cooked on hot griddle, served with milk or ghee and lentil broth soup.
Roasted flatbreads with various fillings inside. The dough should be non-fermented. The most popular filling is mashed potato, but it may also be ragout or millet. Filling is placed on the one half of the flatbread and is covered by the other half. Later, clarified butter is spread on the flatbreads.
Flatbread dish served with curry. Of South Indian origin, it is popular in various Southeast Asian countries. This bread which is made of dough is usually composed of fat (usually ghee), flour and water; some recipes also include sweetened condensed milk.
Made of rye and wheat flour or up to 1/3 whole rye grains may have whole seeds, usual sourdough base, low fat, no oil or flavoring but salt, high fiber, little or no sugar, usually long brown rectangle.
Rumali in Hindi means handkerchief or napkin. This flatbread is thin and soft like a handkerchief. It is made with maida flour (highly refined wheat flour).
Brown bread made from rye flour and cornmeal and baked on oak or cabbage leaves, made by the Puritans in New England during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The name is derived from "rye and Indian".[11]
Made of various fractions of rye grain flour, color light to dark via flour used and if colors added, usually denser and higher fiber than many common breads, darker color, stronger flavor. Jewish rye bread is popular in Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine, and topped with caraway. In Germany, breads with a mixture of rye and other grains is a Mischbrot.
Made of wheat flour, starter of liquid (water or milk), either corn, potatoes, or wheat, and some other minor ingredients; result has dense crumb and positive cheese-like flavor.
Chewy fried dough bread containing large air pockets on the inside and a crisp crust on the outside. It is made by twisting two small pieces of dough together and frying them, causing them to separate slightly while remaining connected.
A variety of quick bread traditionally made in a variety of cuisines in which sodium bicarbonate (otherwise known as baking soda) is used as a raising agent rather than the more common yeast. The ingredients of traditional soda bread are flour, bread soda, salt, and buttermilk. The buttermilk in the dough contains lactic acid, which reacts with the baking soda to form tiny bubbles of carbon dioxide. Other ingredients can be added such as raisins, egg or various nuts.
A bread product made by a long fermentation of dough using naturally occurring lactobacilli and yeasts. In comparison with breads made quickly with cultivated yeast, it usually has a mildly sour taste because of the lactic acid produced by the lactobacilli.
A type of packaged white bread (not sold toasted as the name implies) which is sold sliced at double the typical thickness of most sliced breads. While it can be used in the same manner as ordinary bread slices such as in sandwiches, it is especially useful for dishes involving liquids, such as barbecue sauce, or where extra thickness can improve the product, such as French toast.
Rice paste bread made with sesame oil and with a pattern baked into the top made by painting rice paste onto the surface prior to baking. The paste dries and cracks during the baking process, creating a two-colour effect similar to a tiger's markings, hence the name.
Thin flatbread made from finely ground wheat flour. Originally derived from the corn tortilla (tortilla in Spanish means "small torta", or "small cake"), a bread of maize which predates the arrival of Europeans to the Americas, the wheat flour tortilla was an innovation after wheat was brought to the New World from Spain while this region was the colony of New Spain. It is made with an unleavened, water based dough, pressed and cooked like corn tortillas.
Soft (used as wrap for other food), or crisp (used with fermented herring), many variants depending on type of grain (any mix of wheat, barley, rye), leavening agent (or lack), and rolling pin.
Fermented crêpe or pancake made from ricebatter and black lentils garnished with onion, chilli, capsicum, coriander, tomato and cheese. It is served with chutney or sambar
Baked traditionally at Christmastime. It is rich in eggs and butter, making it similar to brioche. Lemon rind and nutmeg add color and flavor; the dough can also contain raisins and almonds, and is braided like challah.
Thin, round, unleavened, similar to lavash, about 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter, usually made of wheat flour, water, table salt. The lower the moisture content, the longer the shelf life. Not to be confused with yufka meaning filo.
Crisp, sweetened bread, made with eggs and baked twice. It is sliced before it is baked a second time, which produces crisp, brittle slices that closely resemble melba toast.
^Stavely, Keith; Fitzgerald, Kathleen (8 March 2006). "Ryaninjun and Brown Bread". America's Founding Food: The Story of New England Cooking. Univ of North Carolina Press. pp. 23–29. ISBN978-0-8078-7672-5.
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