List of UNESCO Global Geoparks in Europe

Europe[a] is the cradle of the geoparks movement.[1] The European Geoparks Network is a founding member of the Global Geoparks Network and it functions as a regional geopark network of it. As of November 2022, there are 94 UNESCO Global Geoparks in 28 European countries and there are several territories in an aspiring or planned phase, or in a national geopark status.[2] Further elements of the geodiversity of the continent is represented on the World Heritage list, under criterion VIII or VII.

UNESCO Global Geoparks

UNESCO Global Geopark Image Location Area
(km2)
 Year References
Haute-Provence Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
 France
44°06′31″N 6°17′13″E / 44.108611°N 6.286944°E / 44.108611; 6.286944 (Haute-Provence UNESCO Global Geopark) 		2300 2000 [3][4]
Vulkaneifel Rhineland-Palatinate
 Germany
50°12′24″N 6°50′10″E / 50.206667°N 6.836111°E / 50.206667; 6.836111 (Vulkaneifel UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1220 2000 [5][6]
Lesvos Island North Aegean
 Greece
39°12′42″N 25°51′18″E / 39.211667°N 25.855000°E / 39.211667; 25.855000 (Lesvos Island UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1636 2000 [7][8]
Psiloritis Crete
 Greece
35°17′32″N 24°52′53″E / 35.292222°N 24.881389°E / 35.292222; 24.881389 (Psiloritis UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1159 2001 [9][10]
TERRA.vita Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphaila
 Germany
52°16′00″N 8°03′00″E / 52.266667°N 8.050000°E / 52.266667; 8.050000 (TERRA.Vita UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1560 2001 [11][12]
Copper Coast Munster
 Ireland
52°08′19″N 7°20′32″W / 52.138611°N 7.342222°W / 52.138611; -7.342222 (Copper Coast UNESCO Global Geopark) 		50 2001 [13][14]
Marble Arch Caves Ulster
 Ireland,  United Kingdom
54°15′31″N 7°30′53″W / 54.258611°N 7.514722°W / 54.258611; -7.514722 (Marble Arch Caves UNESCO Global Geopark) 		180 2001 [15][16]
Madonie Sicily
 Italy
37°52′00″N 14°04′44″E / 37.866667°N 14.078889°E / 37.866667; 14.078889 (Madonie UNESCO Global Geopark) 		400 2004 [17][18]
Rocca di Cerere Sicily
 Italy
37°30′53″N 14°22′41″E / 37.514722°N 14.378056°E / 37.514722; 14.378056 (Rocca di Cerere UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1298 2008 [19][20]
Steirische Eisenwurzen Styria
 Austria
47°04′12″N 15°29′27″E / 47.070000°N 15.490833°E / 47.070000; 15.490833 (Steirische Eisenwurzen UNESCO Global Geopark) 		586 2004 [21][22]
Bergstrasse-Odenwald Hesse, Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg
 Germany
49°32′11″N 8°34′07″E / 49.536389°N 8.568611°E / 49.536389; 8.568611 (Bergstrasse-Odenwald UNESCO Global Geopark) 		3500 2004 [23][24]
North Pennines North East England
 United Kingdom
54°47′17″N 2°25′01″W / 54.788056°N 2.416944°W / 54.788056; -2.416944 (North Pennines UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1938 2004 [25][26]
Luberon Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
 France
43°52′31″N 5°26′08″E / 43.875278°N 5.435556°E / 43.875278; 5.435556 (Luberon UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1953 2004 [27][28]
North-West Highlands Scottish Highlands
 United Kingdom
58°08′09″N 5°15′05″W / 58.135833°N 5.251389°W / 58.135833; -5.251389 (North-West Highlands UNESCO Global Geopark) 		2100 2004 [29][30]
Swabian Albs Baden-Württemberg
 Germany
48°31′00″N 9°24′15″E / 48.516667°N 9.404167°E / 48.516667; 9.404167 (Swabian Alps UNESCO Global Geopark) 		6688 2004 [31][32]
Harz - Braunschweiger Land - Ostfalen Lower Saxony, Thuringia, Saxony-Anhalt
 Germany
52°16′05″N 10°49′57″E / 52.268056°N 10.832500°E / 52.268056; 10.832500 (Percé UNESCO Global Geopark) 		11500 2004 [33][34]
Hateg Country Dinosaurs Hunedoara
 Romania
45°36′27″N 23°22′44″E / 45.607500°N 23.378889°E / 45.607500; 23.378889 (Hateg Country Dinosaurs UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1024 2005 [35][36]
Beigua Liguria
 Italy
44°25′40″N 8°35′12″E / 44.427778°N 8.586667°E / 44.427778; 8.586667 (Beigua UNESCO Global Geopark) 		392 2005 [37][38]
Fforest Fawr Wales
 United Kingdom
51°55′51″N 3°24′21″W / 51.930833°N 3.405833°W / 51.930833; -3.405833 (Fforest Fawr UNESCO Global Geopark) 		763 2005 [39][40]
Bohemian Paradise Central Bohemia, Hrádec Králove
 Czechia
50°35′50″N 15°07′02″E / 50.597222°N 15.117222°E / 50.597222; 15.117222 (Bohemian Paradise UNESCO Global Geopark) 		742 2005 [41][42]
Cabo de Gata – Níjar Andalusia
 Spain
36°47′22″N 2°14′14″W / 36.789444°N 2.237222°W / 36.789444; -2.237222 (Cabo de Gata - Níjar UNESCO Global Geopark) 		500 2006 [43][44]
Naturtejo de Meseta Meridional Centro
 Portugal
39°48′16″N 7°29′34″W / 39.804444°N 7.492778°W / 39.804444; -7.492778 (Naturtejo UNESCO Global Geopark) 		4624.4 2006 [45][46]
Sierras Subbéticas Andalusia
 Spain
37°14′52″N 4°18′24″W / 37.247778°N 4.306667°W / 37.247778; -4.306667 (Sierras Subbeticas UNESCO Global Geopark) 		320 2006 [47][48]
Sobrarbe-Pirineos Aragon
 Spain
42°22′07″N 0°10′13″E / 42.368611°N 0.170278°E / 42.368611; 0.170278 (Sobrarbe UNESCO Global Geopark) 		2202 2006 [49][50]
Gea Norvegica Telemark, Vestfold
 Norway
59°08′12″N 9°59′51″E / 59.136667°N 9.997500°E / 59.136667; 9.997500 (Gea Norvegica UNESCO Global Geopark) 		3000 2006 [51][52]
Papuk Požega-Slavonia
 Croatia
45°27′25″N 17°39′38″E / 45.457027°N 17.660691°E / 45.457027; 17.660691 (Papuk UNESCO Global Geopark) 		524 2007 [53][54]
English Riviera Devon
 United Kingdom
50°27′22″N 3°33′15″W / 50.456111°N 3.554167°W / 50.456111; -3.554167 (English Riviera UNESCO Global Geopark) 		104 2007 [55][56]
Adamello-Brenta Trentino
 Italy
46°07′09″N 10°45′08″E / 46.119167°N 10.752222°E / 46.119167; 10.752222 (Adamello-Brenta UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1188 2008 [57][58]
GeoMôn Wales
 United Kingdom
53°16′08″N 4°20′03″W / 53.268889°N 4.334167°W / 53.268889; -4.334167 (GeoMôn UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1800 2009 [59][60]
Arouca Norte
 Portugal
40°55′56″N 8°14′42″W / 40.932222°N 8.245000°W / 40.932222; -8.245000 (Arouca UNESCO Global Geopark) 		327 2009 [61][62]
Shetland Scotland
 United Kingdom
60°33′36″N 1°05′55″W / 60.560000°N 1.098611°W / 60.560000; -1.098611 (Shetland UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1468 2009 [63][64]
Chelmos – Vouraikos Achaea
 Greece
38°08′47″N 22°10′18″E / 38.146389°N 22.171667°E / 38.146389; 22.171667 (Chelmos – Vouraikos UNESCO Global Geopark) 		647 2009 [65][66]
Novohrad – Nograd Nógrád, Banská Bystrica
 Hungary,  Slovakia
48°09′58″N 19°48′55″E / 48.166111°N 19.815278°E / 48.166111; 19.815278 (Novohrad - Nógrád UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1587 2010 [67][68]
Magma Vestlandet, Sørlandet
 Norway
58°26′50″N 6°03′08″E / 58.447222°N 6.052222°E / 58.447222; 6.052222 (Magma UNESCO Global Geopark) 		3000 2006 [69][70]
Basque Coast Basque Country
 Spain
43°17′45″N 2°21′16″W / 43.295833°N 2.354444°W / 43.295833; -2.354444 (Basque Coast UNESCO Global Geopark) 		89 2010 [71][72]
Cilento e Vallo di Diano Campania
 Italy
40°16′50″N 15°22′21″E / 40.280556°N 15.372500°E / 40.280556; 15.372500 (Cilento e Vallo di Diano UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1841 2010 [73][74]
Rokua Oulu
 Finland
64°34′43″N 26°30′06″E / 64.578611°N 26.501667°E / 64.578611; 26.501667 (Rokua UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1326 2010 [75][76]
Tuscan Mining Park Tuscany
 Italy
42°57′17″N 10°50′32″E / 42.954722°N 10.842222°E / 42.954722; 10.842222 (Tuscan Mining Park UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1087 2010 [77][78]
Vikos – Aoos Western Macedonia, Epirus
 Greece
40°01′02″N 20°42′43″E / 40.017222°N 20.711944°E / 40.017222; 20.711944 (Vikos-Aoos UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1200 2010 [79][80]
Muskau Arch Brandenburg, Saxony, Lubusz
 Germany,  Poland
51°34′13″N 14°43′35″E / 51.570278°N 14.726389°E / 51.570278; 14.726389 (Muskau Arch UNESCO Global Geopark) 		578.8 2011 [81][82]
Sierra Norte de Sevilla Andalusia
 Spain
37°42′44″N 5°38′04″W / 37.712222°N 5.634444°W / 37.712222; -5.634444 (Sierra Norte de Sevilla UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1774.84 2011 [83][84]
Burren and Cliffs of Moher Clare
 Ireland
52°59′47″N 9°23′21″W / 52.996389°N 9.389167°W / 52.996389; -9.389167 (Burren and Cliffs of Moher UNESCO Global Geopark) 		530 2011 [85][86]
Katla South Constituency
 Iceland
63°37′50″N 19°37′16″W / 63.630556°N 19.621111°W / 63.630556; -19.621111 (Katla UNESCO Global Geopark) 		9542 2011 [87][88]
Massif des Bauges Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes
 France
45°41′15″N 6°06′21″E / 45.687500°N 6.105833°E / 45.687500; 6.105833 (Massif des Bauges UNESCO Global Geopark) 		856 2011 [89][90]
Apuan Alps Tuscany
 Italy
44°02′28″N 10°22′03″E / 44.041111°N 10.367500°E / 44.041111; 10.367500 (Apuan Alps UNESCO Global Geopark) 		494 2011 [91][92]
Villuercas-Ibores-Jara Extremadura
 Spain
39°27′07″N 5°19′39″W / 39.451944°N 5.327500°W / 39.451944; -5.327500 (Villuercas Ibores Jara UNESCO Global Geopark) 		2544.4 2011 [93][94]
Chablais Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes
 France
46°20′53″N 6°35′26″E / 46.348095°N 6.590667°E / 46.348095; 6.590667 (Chablais UNESCO Global Geopark) 		872 2012 [95][96]
Central Catalunya Catalonia
 Spain
42°28′00″N 1°49′18″E / 42.466667°N 1.821667°E / 42.466667; 1.821667 (Central Catalunya UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1300 2012 [97][98]
Bakony-Balaton Veszprém
 Hungary
46°58′35″N 17°55′43″E / 46.976389°N 17.928611°E / 46.976389; 17.928611 (Bakony-Balaton UNESCO Global Geopark) 		3244 2012 [99][100]
Azores Azores
 Portugal
37°44′28″N 25°40′32″W / 37.741111°N 25.675556°W / 37.741111; -25.675556 (Azores UNESCO Global Geopark) 		12884 2013 [101][102]
Karavanke/Karawanken Styria, Upper Carniola
 Austria,  Slovenia
46°30′15″N 14°46′21″E / 46.504167°N 14.772500°E / 46.504167; 14.772500 (Karavanke/Karawanken UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1067 2013 [103][104]
Idrija Gorizia
 Slovenia
46°00′03″N 14°01′12″E / 46.000775°N 14.020052°E / 46.000775; 14.020052 (Idrija UNESCO Global Geopark) 		294 2013 [105][106]
Hondsrug Drenthe
 Netherlands
52°55′50″N 6°49′31″E / 52.930556°N 6.825278°E / 52.930556; 6.825278 (Hondsrug UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1000 2013 [107][108]
Sesia - Val Grande Piedmont
 Italy
45°59′28″N 8°20′36″E / 45.991111°N 8.343333°E / 45.991111; 8.343333 (Sesia - Val Grande UNESCO Global Geopark) 		2023 2013 [109][110]
Kula Volcanic Aegean Region
 Turkey
38°36′34″N 28°28′31″E / 38.609444°N 28.475278°E / 38.609444; 28.475278 (Kula Volcanic UNESCO Global Geopark) 		300 2013 [111][112]
Molina and Alto Tajo Castile-La Mancha
 Spain
39°16′46″N 3°05′52″W / 39.279444°N 3.097778°W / 39.279444; -3.097778 (Molina and Alto Tajo UNESCO Global Geopark) 		4520 2014 [113][114]
El Hierro Canary Islands
 Spain
27°43′32″N 18°01′27″W / 27.725556°N 18.024167°W / 27.725556; -18.024167 (El Hierro UNESCO Global Geopark) 		595 2014 [115][116]
Monts d’Ardèche Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes
 France
44°38′06″N 4°15′34″E / 44.635000°N 4.259444°E / 44.635000; 4.259444 (Monts d’Ardèche UNESCO Global Geopark) 		2280 2014 [117][118]
Erz der Alpen Salzburg
 Austria
47°22′12″N 13°12′00″E / 47.370000°N 13.200000°E / 47.370000; 13.200000 (Erz der Alpen UNESCO Global Geopark) 		211 2014 [119]
Odsherred Sjælland
 Denmark
55°49′48″N 11°34′48″E / 55.830000°N 11.580000°E / 55.830000; 11.580000 (Odsherred UNESCO Global Geopark) 		355 2014 [120]
Terras de Cavaleiros Norte
 Portugal
41°32′24″N 6°58′12″W / 41.540000°N 6.970000°W / 41.540000; -6.970000 (Terras de Cavaleiros UNESCO Global Geopark) 		700 2014 [121][122]
Lanzarote and Chinijo Islands Canary Islands
 Spain
29°03′00″N 13°36′00″W / 29.050000°N 13.600000°W / 29.050000; -13.600000 (Lanzarote and Chinijo Islands UNESCO Global Geopark) 		2500 2015 [123][124]
Reykjanes Southern Peninsula
 Iceland
63°58′23″N 22°31′00″W / 63.973056°N 22.516667°W / 63.973056; -22.516667 (Reykjanes UNESCO Global Geopark) 		825 2015 [125][126]
Pollino Basilicata, Calabria
 Italy
39°55′52″N 16°07′34″E / 39.931111°N 16.126111°E / 39.931111; 16.126111 (Pollino UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1925 2015 [127][128]
Sitia Crete
 Greece
35°10′01″N 26°07′00″E / 35.166944°N 26.116667°E / 35.166944; 26.116667 (Sitia UNESCO Global Geopark) 		517 2015 [129][130]
Troodos Limassol
 Cyprus
34°58′49″N 32°50′46″E / 34.980278°N 32.846111°E / 34.980278; 32.846111 (Troodos UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1147 2015 [131][132]
Causses du Quercy Occitanie
 France
44°34′19″N 1°41′11″E / 44.571944°N 1.686389°E / 44.571944; 1.686389 (Causses du Quercy UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1855 2017 [133][134]
Las Loras Castile and León
 Spain
42°30′58″N 4°00′38″W / 42.516244°N 4.010515°W / 42.516244; -4.010515 (Las Loras UNESCO Global Geopark) 		950.76 2017 [135][136]
Beaujolais Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes
 France
48°31′18″N 64°13′02″W / 48.521642°N 64.217264°W / 48.521642; -64.217264 (Percé UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1550 2018 [137][138]
Famenne-Ardenne Wallonia
 Belgium
48°31′18″N 64°13′02″W / 48.521642°N 64.217264°W / 48.521642; -64.217264 (Percé UNESCO Global Geopark) 		915 2018 [139][140]
Conca de Tremp–Montsec Catalonia
 Spain
42°10′00″N 0°53′45″E / 42.166702°N 0.895778°E / 42.166702; 0.895778 (Conca de Tremp-Montsec UNESCO Global Geopark) 		2050 2018 [141][142]
Courel Mountain Galicia
 Spain
48°31′18″N 64°13′02″W / 48.521642°N 64.217264°W / 48.521642; -64.217264 (Percé UNESCO Global Geopark) 		577.85 2019 [143][144]
Vis Archipelago Split-Dalmatia
 Croatia
43°02′44″N 16°05′31″E / 43.045633°N 16.091839°E / 43.045633; 16.091839 (Vis Archipelago UNESCO Global Geopark) 		6661 2019 [145][146]
Trollfjell Trøndelag
 Norway
65°28′21″N 12°12′30″E / 65.472572°N 12.208394°E / 65.472572; 12.208394 (Trollfjell UNESCO Global Geopark) 		10082 2019 [147][148]
Lauhanvuori-Haemeenkangas
 Finland
 2020 [149]
Estrela
 Portugal
 2020 [150]
Djerdap
 Serbia
44°27′17″N 22°09′25″E / 44.454651°N 22.157023°E / 44.454651; 22.157023 (Djerdap UNESCO Global Geopark) 		1330 2020 [151][152][153]
Granada
 Spain
 2020 [154]
Maestrazgo
 Spain
 2020 [155]
The Black Country
 United Kingdom
 2020 [156]

Note *Kula Volcanic Geopark was enlarged and renamed as Kula Salihli Geopark in 2020. Though it is in the Asian part of Turkey, it is included here as the European Geopark Network extends across all of Turkey.

Recognition of Europe's geodiversity under different international frameworks

World Heritage sites

Twenty-eight sites are represented currently on the World Heritage list under criterion VIII,[157] as an outstanding representative of Earth's history:

Further sites are inscribed under criterion VII[158] of superlative natural phenomena and aesthetic importance. Some of them, which have a special geoheritage importance are:

Notes

  1. ^ The list of geoparks in this article presents the members of the European Geoparks Network. Some members, like in the Canary Islands or in Turkey are situated outside Europe from a physical geographical viewpoint.

References

  1. ^ Jones, Cheryl (2008). "History of Geoparks". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 300 (1): 273–277. doi:10.1144/sp300.21. ISSN 0305-8719. S2CID 130588041.
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