Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee

Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee (JAFRC)
Formation1941
FounderEdward K. Barsky
Founded atNew York City
Dissolved1955
Merger ofNorth American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy, American Medical Bureau
HeadquartersNew York City
Location
  • 192 Lexington Avenue, New York NY 10016
Coordinates40°44′42″N 73°58′51″W / 40.745054°N 73.980882°W / 40.745054; -73.980882
ServicesHumanitarian aid for Spanish Civil War refugees
National Honorary Chairman
Walter Rautensrauch
National Chairman
Edward K. Barsky
Secretary
Helen R. Bryan
Treasurer
Lyman R. Bradley
WebsiteOfficial website

Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee (JAFRC) was a nonprofit organization to provide humanitarian aid to refugees of the Spanish Civil War.[1][2]

History

Ambulance of American Medical Bureau in Spain (1937)

In 1941, the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee was formed by Lincoln Battalion veterans of the Spanish Civil War to provide aid to refugees Who were Spanish Loyalists from Francoist Spain.[2] It superseded previous groups, including the North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy and the American Medical Bureau, the latter of which Barsky had founded in 1936.[1] Specifically, the JAFRC was "dedicated to the rescue and relief of thousands of anti-fascist fighters trapped in Vichy, France, and North Africa' so that they might "return to the active fight against the Axis."

The JAFRC established a fundraising organization, the Spanish Refugee Appeal of the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee.[1][3] Dorothy Parker took charge of the fundraising of the committee, which soon attracted the support of Leonard Bernstein, Albert Einstein, Lillian Hellman, Langston Hughes, and Orson Welles.[4]

In 1942, the committee was licensed to do so in Vichy France by President Franklin Roosevelt's wartime administration and was then granted tax-exempt status.[5]: 70 

In 1946, the committee began to face relentless criticism and scrutiny from federal government organizations. In 1948, the Bureau of Internal Revenue (now known as the Internal Revenue Service) revoked the JAFRC's tax-exempt status. Following this, the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB) attempted to compel the JAFRC to register as a communist front organization.n.[1]

In April 1951, Allan Rosenberg successfully argued for the committee in Anti-Fascist Committee v. McGrath before the US Supreme Court.[6]

In 1955, the committee's board voted to disband.[1]

People

Leaders

According to letterhead dated March 17, 1944,[7] leaders included:

National Sponsors[7] included:

Members

Spanish Refugee Appeal supporters

Dorothy Parker raised money for JAFRC

Appeal Officers:[3][10]

National Sponsors[4][3][10] included:

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "Guide to the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee Records ALBA.057". New York University. 20 July 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  2. ^ a b Deery, Phillip (December 2009). ""A blot upon liberty": McCarthyism, Dr. Barsky and the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee" (PDF). American Communist History. 8 (2): 167–196. doi:10.1080/14743890903335948. S2CID 154499275. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
  3. ^ a b c "Circular letter from Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee to W. E. B. Du Bois". University of Massachusetts. 21 February 1952. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  4. ^ a b "Guide to the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee Records ALBA.057". Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Archives. New York University. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
  5. ^ Goldstein, Robert Justin (March 2008). "The Grapes of McGrath: The Supreme Court and the Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations in Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath (1951)" (PDF). Journal of Supreme Court History. 33 (1): 68–88. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5818.2008.00179.x. hdl:2027.42/73480. S2CID 55127837. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
  6. ^ "Anti-Fascist Committee v. McGrath". Washington: Find Law. 30 April 1951. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  7. ^ a b "Letter to J.W. Pehle of War Refugee Board" (PDF). Franklin Delano Roosevelt Library. 17 March 1944. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  8. ^ "Circular letter from Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee, February 24, 1950". University of Massachusetts. 24 February 1950. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  9. ^ Straus, MD, Mark (13 February 1952). "Letter from Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee to Mayor of the City of New York". Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  10. ^ a b "Letter from Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee to W. E. B. Du Bois". University of Massachusetts. 6 April 1949. Retrieved 27 September 2018.

External sources