The Danish composer Carl Nielsen (1865–1931) was one of the most important symphonists of the early twentieth century: his six symphonies, written between 1892 and 1925, are the core of his oeuvre. Many of classical music's conductor–orchestra partnerships have recorded the complete set, colloquially known as the "Nielsen cycle". Specifically, the standard cycle includes:
As of as of November 2024[update], the Nielsen cycle been recorded 22 times. The most recently completed cycle, finished in 2022, is by Fabio Luisi and the Danish National Symphony Orchestra; an additional projected twenty-third cycle is in progress, according to press releases. Two conductors have tackled the project more than once: Herbert Blomstedt (1974, 1989) and Michael Schønwandt (2000, 2000) recorded the Nielsen cycle two times. Among ensembles, the Danish National Symphony Orchestra has recorded the cycle a record four times.
Precursors
Several Danish conductors associated with Danish Radio performed Nielsen's symphonies. Most notably, Thomas Jensen recorded the complete cycle with the Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra from 1947 to 1959: Symphonies Nos. 1 and 5 for Decca, No. 6 for Tono (Mercury in the U.S., World Record Club in the U.K.), and No. 2 for His Master's Voice (HMV), as well as live broadcast recordings of Nos. 3 and 4. These have since been collected into an informal Nielsen cycle and re-released by Danacord.
As of as of October 2024[update], there is one new Nielsen cycle in progress, by Edward Gardner and the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra. Once completed, this will be a record fourth Nielsen cycle for Chandos.
In addition to the 22 completed Nielsen cycles, there are a number of incomplete traversals available to the public. The sortable table below includes these incomplete cycles for which a conductor recorded with the same orchestra at least three of the six symphonies:
^ abcdRefers to the timespan over which the conductor-orchestra pairing recorded the work(s); this may not be the same as the year(s) in which the recordings were first released to the general public.
^ abcdAll runtimes are official, as printed on CD or LPliner notes. For some recordings, the notes only provide runtimes for a symphony's constituent movements; in these cases, the movement runtimes were added to obtain a total duration.
^The liner notes to this release do not contain information on the venue(s) at which the symphonies were recorded.
^ abThis orchestra records under its in-house label.
^Since the 19yys, Sony Classical has packaged the Bernstein–New York Philharmonic recordings of Symphonies Nos. 2–5 with recordings of Nos. 1 and 6 by the Hungarian-American conductor Eugene Ormandy, who in yyyy and yyyy recorded with Philadelphia Orchestra.
^Since 1993, BIS has packaged the Chung–Gothenburg SO recordings of Symphonies Nos. 1–3 and 5 with recordings of Nos. 4 (September 1990) and 6 (March 1992) by the same orchestra, albeit with the Estonian-American conductor Neemi Järvi. From 1990–92, Järvi recorded a complete cycle for Deutsche Grammophon, again with the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra.
^On 3 January 2022, Dausgaard resigned as musical director of the Seattle Symphony.[27] As such, the planned third volume of his Nielsen cycle—which would have included Symphonies Nos. 5–6—likely is no longer in progress.
Thomas Jensen Legacy, Volume 4: Carl Nielsen Symphonies 1 & 2 / Danish Orchestral Music by Koppel, Holmboe, Tarp, Schierbeck (CD booklet). Thomas Jensen & Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacacord. 2021. DACOCD 914.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Thomas Jensen Legacy, Volume 6: Carl Nielsen Symphonies 3 & 4 / Sibelius Symphony 3 / Niels Viggo Bentzon Symphony 4 (CD booklet). Thomas Jensen & Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacacord. 2021. DACOCD 916.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Thomas Jensen Legacy, Volume 13: Carl Nielsen Symphonies 5 & 6 / Sibelius Symphonies 1 & 4 (CD booklet). Thomas Jensen & Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacacord. 2022. DACOCD 923.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Carl Nielsen: Complete Symphonies 1–6 (CD booklet). Ole Schmidt & London Symphony Orchestra. Regis. 2001. RRC 3002.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC51491535
Nielsen: Symphonies Nos. 1–6 (CD booklet). Herbert Blomstedt & Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Warner Classics. 2007. 50999 5 00829 2 6.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Paavo Berglund Conducts Nielsen: Symphonies Nos. 1–6 (CD booklet). Paavo Berglund &Royal Danish Orchestra. RCA Red Seal. 2015. 88875052182.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC45705881
Nielsen: The Symphonies, Nos. 1–3 (CD booklet). Herbert Blomstedt & San Francisco Symphony. Decca. 1999. 460 985–2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC44657608
Nielsen: The Symphonies, Nos. 4–5 (CD booklet). Herbert Blomstedt & San Francisco Symphony. Decca. 1999. 460 988–2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Helios Overture (CD booklet). Esa-Pekka Salonen & Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra. CBS Masterworks. 1986. MK 42093.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC13941964
Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 (CD booklet). Esa-Pekka Salonen & Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra. CBS Masterworks. 1987. MK 42321.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC16876493
Nielsen: Symphony No. 5 / Masquerade (Overture – Prelude – Dance) (CD booklet). Esa-Pekka Salonen & Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra. CBS Masterworks. 1988. MK 44547.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC20090123
Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "Four Temperaments" / Pan & Syrinx, Op. 49 / Aladdin Suite (CD booklet). Esa-Pekka Salonen & Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra. CBS Masterworks. 1989. MK 44934.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC25827799
Nielsen: Symphonies No. 3 & 6 (CD booklet). Esa-Pekka Salonen & Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Sony Classical. 1991. SK 46500.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC25331790
Nielsen: Complete Symphonies (CD booklet). Bryden Thomson & Royal Scottish Orchestra. Chandos. 1993. CHAN 9163–5.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC28577373
Nielsen: Complete Symphonies (CD booklet). Neeme Järvi & Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra. Deutsche Grammophon. 2005. E4775514.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Carl Nielsen: Symphonies (CD booklet). Gennady Rozhdestvensky & Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra. Chandos. 2004. CHAN 10271(3) X.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC58994049
Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Adrian Leaper & National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland. Naxos. 1994. 8.550743.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC31364800
Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" (CD booklet). Adrian Leaper & National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland. Naxos. 1994. 8.550825.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC36741004
Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Adrian Leaper & National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland. Naxos. 1995. 8.550826.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC36741202
Symphony No. 1 / Saul & David Suite / Helios Overture (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1993. 32157.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC31216905
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 5 / Bohemian-Danish Folk Tune / Symphonic Rhapsody (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1993. 32171.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC30909784
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 2 / Overture to Cupid and the Poet / Snefrid Suite (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1994. 32178.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC33858618
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 4 / Pan and Syrinx / At the Bier of a Young Artist / Saga-Dream (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1994. 32193.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC34029965
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 3 / Andante tranquillo–Scherzo / Maskarade Suite (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1995. 32203.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC34027540
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 6 / Overture 3rd Act from Willemoes / Rhapsodic Overture / The Mother Suite (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1995. 32210.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC873441172
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" (CD booklet). Michael Schønwandt & Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacapo. 2000. 8.224126.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC1040075865
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Michael Schønwandt & Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacapo. 2000. 8.224156.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC45072324
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Michael Schønwandt & Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacapo. 2000. 8.224169.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC45916289
Carl Nielsen: Complete Symphonies (DVD booklet). Michael Schønwandt & Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacapo. 2006. 2.110403–05.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC72848621
Nielsen: Symphonies 4 & 5 (CD booklet). Jukka-Pekka Saraste & Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Finlandia. 1998. 3984–21439–2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC40044656
Nielsen: Symphonies 3 & 6 (CD booklet). Jukka-Pekka Saraste & Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Finlandia. 2000. 3984–29714–2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC45656642
Nielsen: Symphonies 1 & 2 (CD booklet). Jukka-Pekka Saraste & Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Finlandia. 2001. 8573–85574–2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC308701403
Carl Nielsen, Vol. 1: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Douglas Bostock & Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra. Classico. 1999. CLASSCD 296.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC46998302
Carl Nielsen, Vol. 2: Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" / Helios / Songs / Paraphrase (CD booklet). Douglas Bostock & Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra. Classico. 1999. CLASSCD 297.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC58481479
Carl Nielsen, Vol. 3: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Cupid and the Poet / Songs / Symphonic Rhapsody (CD booklet). Douglas Bostock & Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra. Classico. 1999. CLASSCD 298.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC48505133
Carl Nielsen, Vol. 4: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" / Andante tranquilo e Scherzo (CD booklet). Douglas Bostock & Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra. Classico. 1999. CLASSCD 299.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC52032367
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Osmo Vänskä & BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. BIS. 2002. CD–1079.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC49861136
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" / Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" (CD booklet). Osmo Vänskä & BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. BIS. 2002. CD–1209.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC52042963
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Osmo Vänskä & BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. BIS. 2003. CD–1289.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC53023779
Nielsen: The Symphonies (Complete) (CD booklet). Theodore Kuchar & Janáček Philharmonic Orchestra. Brilliant Classics. 2012. 92885.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC71515878
Nielsen: Symphonies Nos. 1–6 (CD booklet). Sir Colin Davis & London Symphony Orchestra. LSO Live. 2015. LSO0789.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Nielsen: The Complete Symphonies 1–6 (CD booklet). Paavo Järvi & Frankfurt Radio Symphony. RCA Red Seal. 2015. 88875178802.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC1013699945
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Sakari Oramo & Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra. BIS. 2013. BIS–2028 SACD.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC870341006
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" (CD booklet). Sakari Oramo & Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra. BIS. 2014. BIS–2048 SACD.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC903286540
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Sakari Oramo & Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra. BIS. 2013. BIS–2128 SACD.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC910345821
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" / Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" (CD booklet). Alan Gilbert & New York Philharmonic. Dacapo. 2012. 6.220623.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC844087341
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Symphony No. 1 (CD booklet). Alan Gilbert & New York Philharmonic. Dacapo. 2014. 6.220624.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC890322133
Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 5 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Alan Gilbert & New York Philharmonic. Dacapo. 2014. 6.220625.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC903375057
Carl Nielsen: The Symphonies (CD booklet). Fabio Luisi & Danish National Symphony Orchestra. Deutsche Grammophon. 2023. 4863471.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Nielsen: Violin Concerto / Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" (CD booklet). Edward Gardner & Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra. Chandos. 2023. CHSA 5311.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Nielsen: Flute Concerto / Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" / Pan and Syrnix (CD booklet). Edward Gardner & Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra. Chandos. 2024. CHSA 5312.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
Carl Nielsen: The Six Complete Symphonies / The Three Concertos (CD booklet). Myung-Whun Chung & Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra. BIS. 1993. CD–614/616.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC29570028
Nielsen: Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" / Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" (CD booklet). Thomas Dausgaard & Seattle Symphony. Seattle Symphony Media. 2017. SSM1017.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC1022190725
Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" (CD booklet). Thomas Dausgaard & Seattle Symphony. Seattle Symphony Media. 2020. SSM1024.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)OCLC1160050646