China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation
China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation
Simplified Chinese	中国航天科技集团有限公司
Traditional Chinese	中國航天科技集團有限公司
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Zhōngguó Hángtiān Kējì Jítuán Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation
	CASC headquarters
Trade name	SpaceChina (中国航天)
Native name	中国航天科技集团有限公司
Company type	State-owned enterprise
Industry	aerospace, space industry
Predecessor	China Aerospace Corporation
Founded	July 1, 1999; 25 years ago
Headquarters	Haidian District, Beijing, China
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	Wu Yansheng (Chairman and President)
Products	Spacecraft; Missiles; Electronics
Revenue	CN¥294.02 billion (2013)
Owner	State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council
Number of employees	174,000 (2014)
Website	english.spacechina.com

The China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) is a main contractor for the Chinese space program.^[1] It is state-owned and has subsidiaries which design, develop and manufacture a range of spacecraft, launch vehicles, and ground equipment.^[1] It also has a division for strategic and tactical missile systems.^[1]

History

CASC was officially established in July 1999 as part of a Chinese government reform drive, having previously been one part of the former China Aerospace Corporation. Various incarnations of the program date back to 1956.^[2]

Along with space and defense manufacture, CASC also produces machinery, chemicals, communications equipment, transportation equipment, computers, medical care products and environmental protection equipment.^[3] CASC provides commercial launch services to the international market. By the end of 2013, the corporation has registered capital of CN¥294.02 billion and employs 170,000 people.^[1]

In December 2017, the CASC was restructured from a state-owned enterprise (全民所有制企业) to a state-owned enterprise with limited liability (国有独资公司) with the approval of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (SASAC). The sole shareholder is SASAC, the company's headquarters are still in Beijing, the business areas remained the same and nothing changed for the staff either.^[4]

In 2021, China's 14th five year plan included two low Earth orbit satellite constellations named “GW” featuring nearly 13,000 satellites was in development.^[5]

Subordinate entities

R&D and production complexes

China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT)
- China Energine International (Holdings) Limited
Academy of Aerospace Solid Propulsion Technology (AASPT)
China Academy of Space Technology (CAST)
Academy of Aerospace Liquid Propulsion Technology (AALPT)
Sichuan Academy of Aerospace Technology (SAAT), maker of the Weishi rockets family^[6]^[7]
Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST)
China Academy of Aerospace Electronics Technology (CAAET)
China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics (CAAA)

Specialized companies

China Satellite Communications^[8]
- APT Satellite International^{[citation needed]}
  - APT Satellite Holdings
China Great Wall Industry Corporation Limited (CGWIC)^[9]
China Aerospace International Holdings
Beijing Shenzhou Aerospace Software Technology Co, Ltd.
China Spacesat Co. Ltd.^[10]
China Siwei Surveying and Mapping Technology Co, Ltd
China Aerospace Investment Holdings^[11]
- Easy Smart Limited (易颖有限公司)^[11]

Directly subordinated units

The "directly subordinated units"^{[clarification needed]} of the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation are:

China Astronautics Standards Institute
China Astronautics Publishing House
Space Archives
Aerospace Communication Center
China Space News
Chinese Society of Astronautics
Aerospace Talent Development & Exchange Center
Aerospace Printing Office
Aerospace Long-March International,^[12] a sales unit

International reception

United States

In 2006 the US Department of the Treasury accused Great Wall Industry and its partners of playing a lead role in the development of the Fateh missile system, as Iran had no previous experience with solid-fueled ballistic missiles.^[13]^[14]

In November 2020, U.S. President Donald Trump issued an executive order prohibiting U.S. companies and individuals owning shares in companies that the United States Department of Defense has listed as having links to the People's Liberation Army, which included CASC.^[15]^[16]^[17] In August 2022, CASC's 9th Academy 771 and 772 Research Institutes were added to the United States Department of Commerce's Entity List.^[18]^[19]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. "Company Profile - CASC". Archived from the original on 3 March 2024. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
^ China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. "History - CASC". Archived from the original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
^ Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (2020-06-24). "Defense Department produces list of Chinese military-linked companies, 20 years after mandate". Axios. Archived from the original on 2020-06-25. Retrieved 2020-06-24.
^ "中国航天科技集团公司更名为中国航天科技集团有限公司_中国政库_澎湃新闻-The Paper". www.thepaper.cn. Archived from the original on 2022-06-17. Retrieved 2022-06-17.
^ "China is developing plans for a 13,000-satellite megaconstellation". 21 April 2021.
^ "WS-1". Archived from the original on 2024-03-25. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
^ "四川航天技术研究院中国航天科技集团". www.spacechina.com. Archived from the original on 30 March 2024. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
^ "China Satcom taken over amid telecom reshuffle". China Daily. Archived from the original on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2011.
^ Cadell, Cate; Perez del Carpio, Marcelo (November 21, 2023). "A growing global footprint for China's space program worries Pentagon". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2023-11-26. Retrieved 2023-11-27.
^ "Chinese space resource utilization firm Origin Space signs deal for space telescope – Science Metro". Archived from the original on 2021-11-02. Retrieved 2022-08-26.
^ ^a ^b 易穎有限公司 (in Chinese). China Aerospace Investment Holdings. 12 April 2012. Archived from the original on 11 January 2019. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
^ "Brief introduction of CASC" (PDF). ABY International Trade Ltd. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-03-07. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
^ Anthony H. Cordesman, with the assistance of Scott Modell, Aaron Lin, and Michael Peacock (7 October 2014). "Iran's Rocket and Missile Forces and Strategic Options" (PDF). Center for Strategic and International Studies. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Chris Smith and Matthew Wallin (August 2013). "Iranian Ballistic Missiles" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
^ Chen, Shawna (November 12, 2020). "Trump bans Americans from investing in 31 companies with links to Chinese military". Axios. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
^ Pamuk, Humeyra; Alper, Alexandra; Ali, Idrees (2020-11-12). "Trump bans U.S. investments in firms linked to Chinese military". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2021-10-28. Retrieved 2020-11-12.
^ Swanson, Ana (2020-11-12). "Trump Bars Investment in Chinese Firms With Military Ties". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2020-11-13. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
^ Edwards, Jane (2022-08-24). "Commerce Announces Addition of 7 Chinese Tech Institutions to Entity List". executivegov.com. Archived from the original on 2022-08-25. Retrieved 2022-08-26.
^ "U.S. adds seven China-related entities to export control list". Reuters. 2022-08-23. Archived from the original on 2022-08-25. Retrieved 2022-08-26.

External links

Official website (in Chinese)

[prof-1] China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. "Company Profile - CASC". Archived from the original on 3 March 2024. Retrieved 30 March 2024.

[esch-2] China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. "History - CASC". Archived from the original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2024.

[3] Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (2020-06-24). "Defense Department produces list of Chinese military-linked companies, 20 years after mandate". Axios. Archived from the original on 2020-06-25. Retrieved 2020-06-24.

[4] "中国航天科技集团公司更名为中国航天科技集团有限公司_中国政库_澎湃新闻-The Paper". www.thepaper.cn. Archived from the original on 2022-06-17. Retrieved 2022-06-17.

[5] "China is developing plans for a 13,000-satellite megaconstellation". 21 April 2021.

[gso1-6] "WS-1". Archived from the original on 2024-03-25. Retrieved 2024-03-25.

[7] "四川航天技术研究院中国航天科技集团". www.spacechina.com. Archived from the original on 30 March 2024. Retrieved 30 March 2024.

[8] "China Satcom taken over amid telecom reshuffle". China Daily. Archived from the original on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2011.

[9] Cadell, Cate; Perez del Carpio, Marcelo (November 21, 2023). "A growing global footprint for China's space program worries Pentagon". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2023-11-26. Retrieved 2023-11-27.

[sm20200410-10] "Chinese space resource utilization firm Origin Space signs deal for space telescope – Science Metro". Archived from the original on 2021-11-02. Retrieved 2022-08-26.

[easysmart-11] 易穎有限公司 (in Chinese). China Aerospace Investment Holdings. 12 April 2012. Archived from the original on 11 January 2019. Retrieved 19 July 2017.

[v750-12] "Brief introduction of CASC" (PDF). ABY International Trade Ltd. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-03-07. Retrieved 2024-03-25.

[13] Anthony H. Cordesman, with the assistance of Scott Modell, Aaron Lin, and Michael Peacock (7 October 2014). "Iran's Rocket and Missile Forces and Strategic Options" (PDF). Center for Strategic and International Studies. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[14] Chris Smith and Matthew Wallin (August 2013). "Iranian Ballistic Missiles" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.

[15] Chen, Shawna (November 12, 2020). "Trump bans Americans from investing in 31 companies with links to Chinese military". Axios. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved November 12, 2020.

[16] Pamuk, Humeyra; Alper, Alexandra; Ali, Idrees (2020-11-12). "Trump bans U.S. investments in firms linked to Chinese military". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2021-10-28. Retrieved 2020-11-12.

[17] Swanson, Ana (2020-11-12). "Trump Bars Investment in Chinese Firms With Military Ties". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2020-11-13. Retrieved 2020-11-13.

[18] Edwards, Jane (2022-08-24). "Commerce Announces Addition of 7 Chinese Tech Institutions to Entity List". executivegov.com. Archived from the original on 2022-08-25. Retrieved 2022-08-26.

[19] "U.S. adds seven China-related entities to export control list". Reuters. 2022-08-23. Archived from the original on 2022-08-25. Retrieved 2022-08-26.

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China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation

History

Subordinate entities

R&D and production complexes

Specialized companies

Directly subordinated units

International reception

United States

See also

References

External links

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