Additional audio track that plays in real time with a video
This article is about commentary provided on a separate audio track. For the comedy TV series, see Directors Commentary.
An audio commentary is an additional audio track, usually digital, consisting of a lecture or comments by one or more speakers, that plays in real time with a video. Commentaries can be serious or entertaining in nature, and can add information which otherwise would not be disclosed to audience members.
History
The Criterion Collection introduced audio commentary on the LaserDisc format, which was able to accommodate multiple audio tracks. The first commentary track, for the 1933 film King Kong, was recorded by Ronald Haver, a curator at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and was inspired by the stories Haver told while supervising the film-to-video transfer process.[1] Criterion expected that the commentary would only be of interest to serious film students.[2] It received a favorable reaction, and his commentary on King Kong is considered to ultimately have started the trend.[3][4][5] Haver went on to provide commentaries for Criterion for the rest of his life.[2]
Excerpt of Haver's commentary for King Kong:
Hello, ladies and gentlemen, I'm Ronald Haver, and I'm here to do something which we feel is rather unique. I'm going to take you on a lecture tour of King Kong as you watch the film. The laserdisc technology offers us this opportunity and we feel it's rather unique — the ability to switch back and forth between the soundtrack and this lecture track.[6]
DVD and Blu-ray audio commentaries
DVDs, Blu-rays, and 4K Ultra HD Blu-rays have made audio commentary a key component of special features. They often include commentary from cinematographers, screenwriters, actors, producers, directors, film historians, film critics and subject matter experts.[4][5]
For example, American cinematographer Garrett Brown, the inventor of the steadicam, is featured throughout the audio commentary track for The Shining, where he discusses his work with the ground-breaking technology.[7][8] The DVD of the science-fiction movie Sunshine, directed by Danny Boyle, contains an audio track with English physicist and professor of particle physicsBrian Cox.[9] In the cast commentary for The Silence of the Lambs, former F.B.I. criminal profilerJohn Douglas, an advisor to the filmmakers, offers his anecdotes about the film.[10]
Film directors can also provide their perspective into how a film is made. In his commentary for the 1970 film M*A*S*H, director Robert Altman gives background information on production and on the way the script was used and misused. He also comments on problems he had with the studio in relation to the connection with the Vietnam War.[16] Director Mel Brooks discusses in his audio commentary for Young Frankenstein how the movie was turned down by Columbia Pictures because its 2 million dollar budget was too high. He also points out the homages in his film, in relation to the history of Frankenstein movies.[16]
Director Oliver Stone in his audio commentary for Wall Street, explains how his family influenced the making of the film, and speaks candidly about the actors, mildly criticizing them, particularly Charlie Sheen.[16] In his commentary for the 2003 film Shattered Glass, director Billy Ray is joined by New Republic editor Chuck Long, who explains the differences between the film and the actual event. Ray, in his directorial debut, also admits his lack of experience, and how he relied on more experienced members of his production crew.[17]
Director Francis Ford Coppola in his audio commentary about his epic film The Godfather, recounts how the original title of the film was supposed to be "Mario Puzo's The Godfather", but that "no one remembers it that way",[18] and in the 2007 DVD release of Hearts of Darkness, a documentary about the production of Apocalypse Now, Coppola explains why it's not a good idea to film a movie in the Amazon jungle. He also talks about a scene in the film where Martin Sheen was drunk and cut his hand, and relays how the opening shot with a huge explosion in the jungle was completely unintentional.[15]
In-theater audio commentary is an audio track that is downloaded before going to a movie theater, and then played back on your device while watching the film. American director Kevin Smith was one of the first filmmakers to provide this feature with Clerks II.[34][35]Rian Johnson provided in-theater commentary for The Brothers Bloom, Looper and Knives Out.[36][37]John August also used in-theater commentary for The Nines.[38]
On the DVD release of Queen's Greatest Video Hits 2, which features music videos with audio commentary, band members Brian May and Roger Taylor reflect on their memories and opinions of each video.[67] On the 20th Anniversary Remastered Edition of Paul's Boutique, the Beastie Boys provide their insights on a downloadable hour long audio commentary, which offers "rambling" revelations into album characters like Johnny Ryall.[68]
The 2011 Broadway revival of Godspell featured a downloadable ten-part audio commentary series from composer Stephen Schwartz and director Daniel Goldstein, who "discuss their process and personal experiences of creating the Broadway revival".[71]
Controversy surrounded the audio commentary on Criterion's 1991 laserdisc release of the first three James Bond films, Dr. No, From Russia with Love and Goldfinger.[79][80]Eon Productions notified Criterion of "185 statements in the audio commentaries which they considered to be 'inaccurate, insensitive, inflammatory or potentially libelous'".[79] The audio tracks featured commentary from various members of the production crews who worked on the films. Amongst the offensive commentary; they criticized the budgets for the three films, gossiped about Sean Connery's weight gain during From Russia with Love, and "insinuated that several female costars were bad actors and had been cast solely for their looks".[79] Additionally, when English film director Guy Hamilton was commenting about Goldfinger, which he directed, he referred to the fictional character Pussy Galore as a "dyke".[79] In response to EON’s complaints, Criterion discontinued the collection, and issued a recall of the unsold copies. The following year, they reissued the three films as single-disc versions, with all the extra features removed.[79]
^Macnab, Geoffrey (10 August 2001). "Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan and me Arts: How does an accountant's son from Peterborough transform himself into a Hong Kong kung fu star?". Evening Standard. London, England. p. 50. ProQuest329445008(subscription required). A special collector's edition of the Bruce Lee version of Fist Of Fury, with an audio commentary by Bey Logan, is available on DVD.
^O'Leary, Niamh J . (2012). "Ambition and Desire: Gertrude As Tragic Hero In Feng Xiaogang's The Banquet (2006)". The Upstart Crow. 31. Clemson, South Carolina: Clemson University: 63–80. ProQuest1419374379(subscription required). In his audio commentary on the DVD, Hong Kong cinema expert Bey Logan states that mainland Chinese martial arts period films 'tend to be about the defeat of the one by the many'.
^Kemp, Mark (19 February 2009). "Beastie Boys: Paul's Boutique – 20th Anniversary Remastered Edition". Rolling Stone – via Rock's Backpages(subscription required).
^McGrath, Rick (June 2002). "The Maysles Brothers' Gimme Shelter (Criterion DVD)". Culture Court – via Rock's Backpages(subscription required).
^Wolf, Jessica (January 2006). "Rhino Ready To Charge Ahead". Home Media Retailing. Vol. 28, no. 2. p. 13. ProQuest197606250(subscription required).
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