4923 Clarke

4923 Clarke
	Orbital diagram of Clarke
Discovery
Discovered by	S. J. Bus
Discovery site	Siding Spring Obs.
Discovery date	2 March 1981
Designations
MPC designation	(4923) Clarke
Named after	Arthur C. Clarke ; (British science fiction writer)
Alternative designations	1981 EO27 · 1972 NJ
Minor planet category	main-belt · (inner); background
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
	Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc	45.53 yr (16,631 d)
Aphelion	2.5774 AU
Perihelion	1.7121 AU
Semi-major axis	2.1448 AU
Eccentricity	0.2017
Orbital period (sidereal)	3.14 yr (1,147 d)
Mean anomaly	187.58°
Mean motion	0° 18m 49.68s / day
Inclination	6.6759°
Longitude of ascending node	188.51°
Argument of perihelion	108.65°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	3.367±0.033 km; 3.532±0.033 km; 4.10 km (calculated)
Synodic rotation period	3.143±0.016 h; 3.1787±0.0009 h; 27.253±0.0553 h
Geometric albedo	0.20 (assumed); 0.3259±0.0644; 0.366±0.066
Spectral type	SMASS = S
Absolute magnitude (H)	13.98±0.31; 14.1; 14.222±0.004 (R); 14.3

4923 Clarke, provisional designation 1981 EO₂₇, is a stony background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.5 kilometers (2.2 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 2 March 1981, by American astronomer Schelte Bus at the Siding Spring Observatory in Australia.^[1] The spheroidal S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 3.14 hours.^[6] It was named after British science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke.^[1] On the same night, Schelte Bus also discovered 5020 Asimov.

Orbit and classification

Clarke is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.^[3] It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.7–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 2 months (1,147 days; semi-major axis of 2.14 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic.^[2]

The asteroid was first observed as 1972 NJ at Crimea–Nauchnij in July 1972. The body's observation arc begins at the Siding Spring Observatory two weeks prior to its official discovery observation on 12 February 1981.^[1]

Physical characteristics

In the SMASS classification, Clarke is a common, stony S-type asteroid.^[2]^[6]

Rotation period

Three rotational lightcurves of Clarke have been obtained from photometric observations by the APT Observatory Group in Spain, by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in California, and by Czech astronomer Petr Pravec at Ondřejov Observatory (U=2/1/2-).^[7]^[8]^[a] Analysis of the best-rated lightcurve gave a rotation period of 3.143 hours with a consolidated brightness amplitude between 0.03 and 0.14 magnitude, which indicates that the body has a nearly spheroidal, non-elongated shape (U=2).^[6]^[7]

Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Clarke measures between 3.367 and 3.532 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.3259 and 0.366.^[4]^[5] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 4.10 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 14.3.^[6]

Naming

This minor planet was named after the science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke (1917–2008), author of 2001: A Space Odyssey.^[1] The official naming citation was prepared with assistance from Richard Binzel and published by the Minor Planet Center on 3 May 1996 (M.P.C. 27127). The asteroid's name independently suggested by Duncan Steel (M.P.C. 27147).^[10]

In the postscript to his novel 3001: The Final Odyssey, Clarke jokingly expresses disappointment that he did not receive asteroid 2001 as his namesake; instead, it was named for Albert Einstein.^{[citation needed]}

Notes

^ ^a ^b Lightcurve plot of (4923) Clarke, (Pravec 2013) from August 2013 web: rotation period 3.18±0.0008 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.03±0.01 mag. Quality code is 2-. Summary figures at the LCDB and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2013).

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "4923 Clarke (1981 EO27)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 4923 Clarke (1981 EO27)" (2018-01-24 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
^ ^a ^b "Asteroid 4923 Clarke – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. S2CID 119293330.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID 35447010. (catalog)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "LCDB Data for (4923) Clarke". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 May 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c Aznar Macias, Amadeo (January 2017). "Lightcurve Analysis from APT Observatory Group for Nine Mainbelt Asteroids: 2016 July-September. Rotation Period and Physical Parameters". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 44 (1): 60–63. Bibcode:2017MPBu...44...60A. ISSN 1052-8091.
^ ^a ^b ^c Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. S2CID 8342929.
^ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. S2CID 53493339.
^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 May 2018.