1240s in England

Events from the 1240s in England.

Incumbents

• Monarch – Henry III

Events

• 1240
  • Dafydd ap Llywelyn, Prince of Wales, pays homage to King Henry III and agrees to arbitration over the right to rule Wales.[1]
  • Old St Paul's Cathedral in London is consecrated.
  • First perambulation of Dartmoor.[2][3]
• 1241
  • 1 February – Boniface of Savoy, the Queen's uncle, is enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • 10 August – Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany dies captive at Bristol, ending the senior line of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany.
  • October – After defeat in a military campaign, Dafydd ap Llywelyn makes Henry his heir.[1]
• 1242
  • May – English army supports rebels in Poitou against French rule.[1]
  • 12 May – Assize of Arms: A royal ordnance requires appointment of constables to summon men to arms, quell breaches of the peace, and to deliver offenders to the sheriff.[4][5][6][7]
  • Royal troops seize the island of Lundy, occupied by the fugitive William de Marisco.
• 1243
  • September – England signs a truce with France.[1]
• 1244
  • Dafydd ap Llywelyn forms alliance of minor Welsh rulers in Wales and begins revolt against English rule.
  • August – Henry blockades Scotland and musters an army at Newcastle upon Tyne after Scots threaten the border.[1]
  • November – Bishops and barons refuse to pay taxes demanded by King Henry, and insist on administrative reforms.[8]
• 1245
  • English army campaigns in north Wales to subdue Dafydd ap Llywelyn. A truce is agreed in the autumn, and Henry returns to England.[1]
  • Crutched Friars established in England.
  • The rebuilding of Westminster Abbey in Gothic style begins.[8]
• 1246
  • Cistercians, together with the King's brother, Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, found Hailes Abbey in Gloucestershire.[1]
  • Dafydd ap Llywelyn, who had lately claimed the title of prince of Wales, dies and the resistance of the Welsh against English forces in Wales collapses.
• 1247
  • April – Treaty of Woodstock: Dafydd ap Llywelyn's successors, the Welsh princes Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and Owain ap Gruffudd acknowledge Henry as their overlord.[1]
  • 13 June – Coinage reform introduces a new silver coin and establishes seventeen local mints.[1]
  • Romford established as a market town.[9]
  • The Bethlem Royal Hospital founded in London.[10]
• 1248
  • 11 March – Richard of Cornwall presides at the first Trial of the Pyx to determine the purity of coinage.[1]
  • Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester appointed as governor of Gascony, but soon proves unpopular.[1]
• 1249
  • Spring – Bequest of William of Durham for the support of scholars in the University of Oxford, considered as the establishment of University College there.[8]

Births

• 1240
  • 29 September – Margaret of England, daughter of Henry III of England and consort of Alexander III of Scotland (died 1275)
• 1241
  • Eleanor of Castile, queen of Edward I of England (died 1290)
• 1243
  • 2 September – Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, politician (died 1295)
• 1245
  • 16 January – Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster, son of Henry III of England (died 1296)
• 1246
  • 14 September – John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel (died 1272)
• 1247
  • Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln (died 1255)
• 1249
  • Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford (died 1297)

Deaths

• 1240
  • 27 May – William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey (born 1166)
  • 16 November – Edmund of Abingdon, Archbishop of Canterbury, sanctified, dies in France on pilgrimage (born 1175)
• 1241
  • 10 August – Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany, daughter of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (born 1184)
  • 1 December – Isabella of England, princess (born 1214)
• 1242
  • 26 March – William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (year of birth unknown)
• 1243
  • 12 May – Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent (born c. 1165)
• 1245
  • c. June – Elias of Dereham, canon and building designer
  • 21 August – Alexander of Hales, theologian
• 1246
  • 31 May – Isabella of Angoulême, queen of John of England (born c. 1187)
  • June – Richard Fitz Roy, illegitimate son of King John (born c. 1190)
  • Thomas De Melsonby, last hermit of the Farne Islands[11]
• 1247
  • William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby (born c. 1168)

References

1. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 82–84. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
2. "Dartmoor: The Perambulation of 1240". Archived from the original on 21 August 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
3. Sandles, Tim. "Legendary Dartmoor Mystery & History". Retrieved 11 April 2017.
4. Clarkson, Charles Tempest; Richardson, J. Hall (1889). Police!. p. 1. ISBN 9780824062163. OCLC 60726408.
5. Pollock, Frederick; Maitland, Frederic William (1898). The History of English Law Before the Time of Edward I. Vol. 1 (2 ed.). p. 565. ISBN 978-1-58477-718-2.
6. Powicke, F. W. (1942). "The Writ for Enforcing Watch and Ward, 1242". The English Historical Review. LVII (CCXXVIII). ISSN 0013-8266.
7. Delbrück, Hans (1990). Renfroe, Walter J. Jr (ed.). Medieval Warfare. History of the Art of War. Vol. 3. p. 177. ISBN 0-8032-6585-9.
8. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 139–141. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
9. "Romford: Economic history". A History of the County of Essex. Vol. 7. 1978. pp. 72–76. Retrieved 2007-12-08.
10. Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1995). The London Encyclopaedia. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-57688-8.
11. "Monument No. 8298". PastScape. English Heritage. Retrieved 2014-07-03.