Ruth Fulton Benedict

Ruth Fulton Benedict

Ruth Fulton Benedict (lahir 5 Juni 1887 di New York, Amerika Serikat - meninggal 17 September 1948 di New York pada umur 61 tahun) adalah seorang antropolog berkebangsaan Amerika yang menciptakan teori yang memiliki pengaruh besar pada antropologi budaya, khususnya di bidang budaya dan kepribadian.[1] Secara luas, ia dikenal melalui bukunya yang berjudul Patterns of Culture (1934).[2]

Benedict lulus dari Perguruan Tinggi Vassar pada tahun 1909, kemudian ia tinggal di Eropa selama satu tahun.[1] Sepulang dari Eropa, ia menetap di California, dan di sana ia mengajar di sekolah-sekolah perempuan.[1] Selanjutnya, pada tahun 1914 Benedict kembali lagi ke New York.[1] Pada musim gugur tahun 1919, Benedict terdaftar di sebuah sekolah baru untuk Penelitian Sosial dan mengambil dua jurusan antropologi.[2] Menurutnya, mempelajari antropologi adalah supaya dapat memahami konflik yang terjadi pada antar negara.[2] Salah satu guru Benedict ialah Elsie Clews Parsons, yang kemudian menyarankannya agar menjadi seorang antropolog.[2]

Gurunya tersebut memperkenalkan Benediktus kepada Franz Boas dari Universitas Columbia, di mana ia juga bertemu dengan Margaret Mead dan Edward Sapir di sana.[2] Di Columbia, Benedict melakukan penelitian lapangan terhadap beberapa suku, seperti suku Indian Serrano (1922), Zuni Pueblo (1924), dan kemudian Apache (1931), dan Blackfoot India (1939).[2]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c d www.britannica.com: Ruth Benedict. Diakses 2 Juni 2014
  2. ^ a b c d e f anthropology.usf.edu: Ruth Fulton Benedict. Diakses 2 Juni 2014


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