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Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA),[1] biasa disebut Obamacare[2][3] atau hukum layanan kesehatan federal, adalah sebuah hukum federal yang disahkan oleh Presiden Barack Obama pada tanggal 23 Maret 2010. Bersama Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, UU ini mengusung perombakan regulasi sistem layanan kesehatan Amerika Serikat terbesar sejak disahkannya Medicare dan Medicaid tahun 1965.[4]
PPACA lebih ditujukan untuk mengurangi jumlah warga Amerika Serikat tak terasuransikan dan seluruh biaya layanan kesehatan. UU ini menyediakan berbagai macam mekanisme—termasuk mandat, subsidi, dan kredit pajak—untuk para pengusaha dan individu demi meningkatkan tingkat cakupan asuransi.[5][6] Reformasi lain bertujuan memperbaiki hasil layanan kesehatan dan menyederhanakan penyaluran layanan kesehatan. PPACA mensyaratkan perusahaan-perusahaan asuransi mencakup semua pendaftar dan menawarkan nilai yang sama tanpa melihat kondisi tak jelas atau jenis kelamin.[7][8] Congressional Budget Office memperkirakan PPACA akan mengurangi defisit selanjutnya[9] dan anggaran Medicare.[10]
Pada tanggal 28 Jun 2012, Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat mendukung konstitusionalitas sebagian besar isi PPACA dalam kasus National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius.[11][12]
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ^ Pub.L. 111-148, 124 Stat. 119, yang ditandai telah diamendemen di sejumlah pasal-pasal tentang Internal Revenue Code dan di 42 U.S.C.
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
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- ^ Holan, Angie D. (March 20, 2012). "RomneyCare & ObamaCare: Can you tell the difference?". PolitiFact.com. Tampa Bay Times. Diakses tanggal August 29, 2012.
- ^ James Vicini and Jonathan Stempel (June 28, 2012). "US top court upholds healthcare law in Obama triumph". Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-08-13. Diakses tanggal 2013-01-23.
- ^ Pear, Robert (July 7, 2012). "Health Law Critics Prepare to Battle Over Insurance Exchange Subsidies". New York Times. Diakses tanggal July 7, 2012.
- ^ Krugman, Paul (January 31, 2010). "Krugman calls Senate health care bill similar to law in Massachusetts". PolitiFact.com. Tampa Bay Times. Diakses tanggal August 29, 2012.
- ^ Hearst, Steven R. (June 28, 2012). "Supreme Court Upholds Heart of Obama Health Care Law Seeking to Cover 30 Million Uninsured". The Gazette. Diakses tanggal June 30, 2012. [pranala nonaktif permanen]
- ^ "ObamaCare Survives the Supreme Court: 5 Takeaways". The Week. June 28, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 30, 2012.
- ^ Elmendorf, Douglas W. (March 30, 2011). "CBO's Analysis of the Major Health Care Legislation Enacted in March 2010" (pdf). Congressional Budget Office. Diakses tanggal July 15, 2012.
- ^ Elmendorf, Douglas W. (June 2011). "CBO's 2011 Long-Term Budget Outlook" (pdf). Congressional Budget Office. hlm. 44.
Through those changes and numerous others, the 2010 legislation significantly decreased Medicare outlays relative to what they would have been under prior law.
- ^ Barrett, Paul M. (June 28, 2012). "Supreme Court Supports Obamacare, Bolsters Obama". BloombergBusinessweek. Diakses tanggal June 30, 2012.
- ^ National Post Wire Services (June 28, 2012). "Obamacare upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court". National Post. Diakses tanggal June 30, 2012. , termasuk ketetapan utama yang mewajibkan semua warga Amerika Serikat membeli asuransi kesehatan.
Bacaan lanjutan
- Dokumen awal CBO
- Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act, Incorporating The Manager's Amendment − December 19, 2009
- Effects Of The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act On The Federal Budget And The Balance In The Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (December 23, 2009)
- Estimated Effect Of The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act (Incorporating The Manager's Amendment) On The Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (December 23, 2009)
- Base Analysis – H.R. 3590, Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, − November 18, 2009.
↑ (The Additional and/or Related CBO reporting that follows can be accessed from the above link)
- Estimated Distribution Of Individual Mandate Penalties (November 20, 2009)
- Estimated Effects On Medicare Advantage Enrollment And Benefits Not Covered By Medicare (November 21, 2009)
- Estimated Effects On The Status Of The Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (November 21, 2009)
- Estimated Average Premiums Under Current Law (December 5, 2009)
- Additional Information About Employment-Based Coverage (December 7, 2009)
- Budgetary Treatment Of Proposals To Regulate Medical Loss Ratios (December 13, 2009)
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Perkiraan dampak P.L. 111-148
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Perkiraan dampak H.R. 3590
Pranala luar
- Salinan RUU
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