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Gunung Mazama
Mount Mazama (Giiwas dalam bahasa Amerika Asli Klamath) adalah sebuah kompleks gunung berapi di bagian Oregon dari Pegunungan Cascade, Amerika Serikat, yang hancur akibat letusan besar yang terjadi pada 7.700 tahun lampau. Terletak di Klamath County, gunung tersebut berjarak 60 mil (97 km) dari utara perbatasan antara Oregon dan California di selatan Pegunungan Cascade.
Referensi
- Bacon, C. R. (February 1990). "Calc-alkaline, Shoshonitic, and Primitive Tholeiitic Lavas from Monogenetic Volcanoes near Crater Lake, Oregon". Journal of Petrology. 31 (1): 135–166. doi:10.1093/petrology/31.1.135.
- Bacon, C. R. (2008). Geologic Map of Mount Mazama and Crater Lake Caldera, Oregon (PDF). United States Geological Survey. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-25. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Bacon, C. R. (1983). "Eruptive history of Mount Mazama and Crater Lake Caldera, Cascade Range, U.S.A." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 18 (1–4): 57–115. doi:10.1016/0377-0273(83)90004-5.
- Bacon, C. R. (1992). "Partially melted granodiorite and related rocks ejected from Crater Lake caldera, Oregon". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 83 (1–2): 27–47. doi:10.1017/S0263593300007732. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-07-01. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Bacon, C. R.; Donnelly-Nolan, J. M.; Jensen, R. A.; Wright, H. M. (2017). Overview for Geologic Field-Trip Guides to Mount Mazama, Crater Lake Caldera, and Newberry Volcano, Oregon: Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022–J (PDF). United States Geological Survey. doi:10.3133/sir20175022J. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2023-04-11. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Bacon, C. R.; Druitt, T. H. (1988). "Compositional evolution of the zoned calcalkaline magma chamber of Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon". Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. 98 (2): 224–256. doi:10.1007/BF00402114.
- Bacon, C. R.; Nathenson, M. (1996). Geothermal Resources in the Crater Lake Area, Oregon (PDF). United States Geological Survey. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2022-01-08. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Bacon, C. R.; Wright, H. M. (2017). Geologic Field-Trip Guide to Mount Mazama and Crater Lake Caldera, Oregon: Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5022-J1 (PDF). United States Geological Survey. doi:10.3133/sir20175022J1. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2022-01-08. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Diller, J. S.; Patton, H. B. (1902). The Geology and Petrography of Crater Lake National Park, Professional Paper 3 (PDF). United States Government Publishing Office. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2023-04-11. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Druitt, T. H.; Bacon, C. R. (1988). "Compositional zonation and cumulus processes in the Mount Mazama magma chamber, Crater Lake, Oregon". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences. 79 (2–3): 289–297. doi:10.1017/S0263593300014280. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-07-08. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Fryxwell, R. (March 12, 1965). "Mazama and Glacier Peak Volcanic Ash Layers: Relative Ages". Science Magazine. Vol. 147 no. 3663. hlm. 1288–1290. doi:10.1126/science.147.3663.1288.
- Geist, D.; Wolff, J.; Harpp, K. (August 2017). Field-Trip Guide to a Volcanic Transect of the Pacific Northwest: Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5022-M (PDF). United States Geological Survey. doi:10.3133/sir20175022M. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2023-04-11. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Green, R. A. (1998). Mount Mazama and Crater Lake : a study of the botanical and human responses to a geologic event (Tesis). Oregon State University. https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/8k71nn57n. Diakses pada April 23, 2018.
- Harris, A. G.; Tuttle, E.; Tuttle, S. D. (2004). Geology of National Parks (edisi ke-6th). Kendall/Hunt Publishing. ISBN 978-0787299712.
- Hildreth, W. (2007). Quaternary Magmatism in the Cascades, Geologic Perspectives. United States Geological Survey. Professional Paper 1744. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-03-25. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Keroher, G. C. (1966). Lexicon of Geologic Names of the U.S. For 1936-1960, Part 2. United States Government Publishing Office. OCLC 547408.
- Klimasauskas, E.; Bacon, C.; Alexander, J. (August 2002). Mount Mazama and Crater Lake: Growth and Destruction of a Cascade Volcano: USGS Fact Sheet 092-02 (PDF). United States Geological Survey and National Park Service. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2023-04-11. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Nathenson, M. (1990). Temperatures of springs in the vicinity of Crater Lake, Oregon, in relation to air and ground temperatures: Open-File Report 90-671 (PDF). United States Geological Survey. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2023-04-11. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
- Nichols, M. L.; Malone, S. D.; Moran, S. C.; Thelen, W. A.; Vidale, J. E. (March 2011). "Deep long-period earthquakes beneath Washington and Oregon volcanoes". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 200 (3–4): 116–128. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.12.005.
- Powers, H. A.; Wilcox, R. E. (June 12, 1964). "Volcanic Ash from Mount Mazama (Crater Lake) and from Glacier Peak". Science. Vol. 144 no. 3624. hlm. 1334–1336. doi:10.1126/science.144.3624.1334.
- Suzuki-Kamata, K.; Kamata, H.; Bacon, C. R. (August 1993). "Evolution of the caldera-forming eruption at Crater Lake, Oregon, indicated by component analysis of lithic fragments". Journal of Geophysical Research. 98 (B8): 14059–14,074. doi:10.1029/93JB00934.
- Thomas, R. M. (2007). Manitou and God: North-American Indian Religions and Christian Culture. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0313347795.
- Wood, C. A.; Kienle, J., ed. (1990). Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521438117.
- Zdanowicz, C. M.; Zielinski, G. A.; Germani, M. S. (July 1, 1999). "Mount Mazama eruption: Calendrical age verified and atmospheric impact assessed". Geology. 27 (7): 621–624. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0621:MMECAV>2.3.CO;2. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-07-02. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-18.
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