Ekonomi Kanada

Ekonomi Kanada
Ekonomi Kanada
	Toronto, pusat keuangan Kanada
Mata uang	Dolar Kanada (CAD, C$)
Tahun fiskal	1 April – 29 Maret
Organisasi perdagangan	OECD, WTO dan lainnya
Statistik
PDB	$2.221 triliun (nominal, 2022 est.); $2.237 triliun (PPP, 2022 est.);
Pertumbuhan PDB	2.4% (2018) 1.8% (2019); −5.3% (2020) 5.6% (2021e); 4.8% (2022e) 2.6% (2023e)
PDB per kapita	$57,406 (nominal, 2022 est.); $57,812 (PPP, 2022 est.);
PDB per sektor	Pertanian: 1.6%; Industri: 28.2%; Jasa: 70.2%; (2017 est.);
Inflasi (IHK)	▲ 5.1% (Perubahan 12 bulan - Januari 2022)
Penduduk; di bawah garis kemiskinan	▼ 6.4% (resmi, 2020; StatCan)
Koefisien gini	▼ 0.281 low (2020, StatCan)
Angkatan kerja	20.3 juta (September 2020); 59.1% tingkat pekerjaan (September 2020);
Pengangguran	▼ 5.3% (Maret 2022); ▼ 10.8% pengangguran kaum muda (Desember 2021; usia 15 hingga 24 tahun); ▼ 1,2 juta pengangguran (Desember 2021);
Gaji kotor rata-rata	$1,169 mingguan (Maret 2022)
Industri utama	Peralatan transportasi; Bahan kimia; Mineral; Produk makanan; Kayu dan Kertas; Produk olahan ikan; Minyak bumi; Gas alam;
Peringkat kemudahan melakukan bisnis	23rd (sangat mudah, 2020)
Eksternal
Ekspor	Templat:IncreasePositive $631.3 miliar (2021)
Komoditas ekspor	Kendaraan bermotor dan suku cadang, mesin industri, Pesawat, peralatan Telekomunikasi; Bahan kimia, Plastik, Pupuk; bubur kayu, kayu, Minyak bumi, Gas alam, Listrik, Aluminum
Tujuan ekspor utama	Amerika Serikat (+) 76.2%; Uni Eropa (+) 7.7%; Tiongkok (−) 4.1%; Jepang (+) 2.1%; Meksiko (+) 1.5%; Lainnya 8.4%;
Impor	Templat:IncreasePositive $613.6 juta (2021)
Komoditas impor	mesin dan peralatan, kendaraan bermotor dan suku cadang, minyak mentah, bahan kimia, listrik, barang konsumsi tahan lama
Negara asal impor utama	Amerika Serikat (+) 52.2%; Tiongkok (−) 12.1%; Uni Eropa (+) 11.4%; Meksiko (+) 6.2%; Jepang (+) 3%; Other 15.1%;
Modal investasi langsung asing	$1.045 triliun (31 Desember 2017 est.); Luar Negeri: $1,366 triliun (31 Desember 2017 est.);
Utang kotor luar negeri	▲ $3.251 triliun (Q3 2021)
Pembiayaan publik
Utang publik	▼ 133.32% PDB (2021 est.)
Pendapatan	649.6 miliar (2017 est.)
Beban	665.7 miliar (2017 est.)
Bantuan ekonomi	donor: ODA, $3.96 miliar (2016)
Peringkat utang	Standard & Poor's:; AAA; Outlook: Stabil; Moody's:; AAA; Outlook: Stabil; Fitch:; AA+; Outlook: Stabil;
Cadangan mata uang asing	$86.3 miliar (Juni 2019)
	Sumber data utama: CIA World Fact Book;

Ekonomi Kanada adalah ekonomi pasar campuran yang sangat maju.^[23]^[24] Ini adalah PDB terbesar ke-8 berdasarkan nominal dan PDB terbesar ke-15 berdasarkan PPP di dunia. Seperti negara-negara maju lainnya, ekonomi negara ini didominasi oleh industri jasa yang mempekerjakan sekitar tiga perempat orang Kanada.[32] Kanada memiliki total estimasi nilai sumber daya alam tertinggi ketiga, senilai Int$33,98 triliun pada 2019`.[33] Ini memiliki cadangan minyak terbukti terbesar ketiga di dunia dan merupakan pengekspor minyak mentah terbesar keempat. Ini juga merupakan pengekspor gas alam terbesar kelima.

Referensi

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2022". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Diakses tanggal January 17, 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "The World Factbook". CIA.gov. Central Intelligence Agency. Diakses tanggal October 8, 2019.
^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2021-12-15). "The Daily — Consumer Price Index, December 2021".
^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-03-23). "The Daily — Canadian Income Survey, 2020". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-24.
^ "Trudeau's Scattershot Spending Sends Child Poverty to New Lows - BNN Bloomberg". March 24, 2022.
^ "Gini coefficients of adjusted market, total and after-tax income". July 8, 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Labour force characteristics, monthly, seasonally adjusted and trend-cycle, last 5 months". statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. Diakses tanggal October 10, 2020.
^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/jobs-march-canada-1.6413073 ^{[URL kosong]}
^ "Unemployment rate by age group". data.oecd.org. OECD. Diakses tanggal December 9, 2021. ^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
^ "Payroll employment, earnings and hours, March 2022". Statistics Canada. March 26, 2022.
^ "Ease of Doing Business in Canada". Doingbusiness.org. Diakses tanggal November 24, 2017.
^ ^a ^b "The International Trade Explorer, 2021". Statcan.gc.ca. September 4, 2019. Diakses tanggal March 21, 2022.
^ ^a ^b "Canada - WTO Statistics Database". World Trade Organization. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal September 6, 2017. Diakses tanggal March 1, 2017.
^ ^a ^b "The World Factbook". CIA.gov. Central Intelligence Agency. Diakses tanggal April 6, 2019.
^ "Statistics Canada". December 9, 2021. Diakses tanggal January 20, 2021.
^ "Financial indicators of general government sector, national balance sheet accounts". October 15, 2012.
^ "Development aid rises again in 2016 but flows to poorest countries dip". OECD. April 11, 2017. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2017.
^ "Sovereigns rating list". Standard & Poor's. Diakses tanggal January 14, 2012.
^ "Moody's Affirms Canada's Aaa Rating; Maintains Stable Outlook". Moody's Investors Service. November 2, 2016. Diakses tanggal September 23, 2017.
^ "Fitch Downgrades Canada's Ratings to 'AA+'; Outlook Stable". Diakses tanggal June 24, 2020.
^ "Archived copy". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal September 6, 2017. Diakses tanggal September 6, 2017.
^ "International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity - CANADA". www.imf.org.
^ Hall, Peter A.; Soskice, David (2001). Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage. Oxford University Press. hlm. 570. ISBN 9780191647703.
^ "Capitalism in Canada". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Diakses tanggal April 24, 2022.

Kesalahan pengutipan: Ditemukan tag <ref> untuk kelompok bernama "note", tapi tidak ditemukan tag <references group="note"/> yang berkaitan

[IMFWEOCA-1] "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2022". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Diakses tanggal January 17, 2022.

[CIAWFCA-2] "The World Factbook". CIA.gov. Central Intelligence Agency. Diakses tanggal October 8, 2019.

[3] Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2021-12-15). "The Daily — Consumer Price Index, December 2021".

[4] Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-03-23). "The Daily — Canadian Income Survey, 2020". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-24.

[5] "Trudeau's Scattershot Spending Sends Child Poverty to New Lows - BNN Bloomberg". March 24, 2022.

[6] "Gini coefficients of adjusted market, total and after-tax income". July 8, 2015.

[LaborForce-7] "Labour force characteristics, monthly, seasonally adjusted and trend-cycle, last 5 months". statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. Diakses tanggal October 10, 2020.

[8] ttps://www.cbc.ca/news/business/jobs-march-canada-1.6413073 ^{[URL kosong]}

[9] "Unemployment rate by age group". data.oecd.org. OECD. Diakses tanggal December 9, 2021. ^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}

[10] "Payroll employment, earnings and hours, March 2022". Statistics Canada. March 26, 2022.

[World_Bank_and_International_Financial_Corporation-11] "Ease of Doing Business in Canada". Doingbusiness.org. Diakses tanggal November 24, 2017.

[Statcan.gc.ca-12] "The International Trade Explorer, 2021". Statcan.gc.ca. September 4, 2019. Diakses tanggal March 21, 2022.

[wto-13] "Canada - WTO Statistics Database". World Trade Organization. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal September 6, 2017. Diakses tanggal March 1, 2017.

[CIAWFSN-14] "The World Factbook". CIA.gov. Central Intelligence Agency. Diakses tanggal April 6, 2019.

[15] "Statistics Canada". December 9, 2021. Diakses tanggal January 20, 2021.

[17] "Financial indicators of general government sector, national balance sheet accounts". October 15, 2012.

[oecd-aid-18] "Development aid rises again in 2016 but flows to poorest countries dip". OECD. April 11, 2017. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2017.

[19] "Sovereigns rating list". Standard & Poor's. Diakses tanggal January 14, 2012.

[20] "Moody's Affirms Canada's Aaa Rating; Maintains Stable Outlook". Moody's Investors Service. November 2, 2016. Diakses tanggal September 23, 2017.

[fitch-21] "Fitch Downgrades Canada's Ratings to 'AA+'; Outlook Stable". Diakses tanggal June 24, 2020.

[22] "Archived copy". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal September 6, 2017. Diakses tanggal September 6, 2017.

[23] "International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity - CANADA". www.imf.org.

[24] Hall, Peter A.; Soskice, David (2001). Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage. Oxford University Press. hlm. 570. ISBN 9780191647703.

[25] "Capitalism in Canada". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Diakses tanggal April 24, 2022.

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Ekonomi Kanada

Referensi

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