Daftar bintang terdekat

Rotating 3D image of the nearest stars
Peta animasi 3D dari bintang-bintang terdekat yang berpusat di Matahari. Kacamata 3D red green direkomendasikan untuk bisa melihat gambar ini dengan baik.
Peta konformal jarak dan sudut objek luar angkasa yang berada dalam jarak 12 tahun cahaya dari Matahari.

Berikut adalah daftar bintang terdekat dalam jarak 5,0 parsec (16,3 tahun cahaya) dari Tata Surya. Sejauh ini, 76 bintang seperti itu telah ditemukan, dan hanya sembilan yang cukup terang untuk terlihat tanpa teleskop. Cahaya tampak perlu mencapai atau melebihi tingkat kecerahan paling redup, yaitu nilai magnitudo semu sebesar 6,5 agar dapat dilihat dengan mata telanjang dari Bumi.[1]

Daftar

# Penandaan Kelas bintang mV MV Teff
K(±batas kesalahan) 		Epos J2000.0 Paralaks[2][3]
mili detik busur(±batas kesalahan) 		Jarak[4]
Tahun cahaya(±batas kesalahan) 		Referensi
tambahan
Sistem Bintang PK[2] Pen[2]
Tata Surya Matahari (Sol) G2V[2] −26,72[2] 4,85[2]  5,778[5] — — 180° 0,0000158(3)
atau
8 menit cahaya
1 Alpha Centauri
(Rigil Kentaurus; Toliman) 		Proxima Centauri (V645 Centauri) M5,5Ve 11,09[2] 15,53[2]  3,040[6]  14j 29m 43,0d  −62° 40′ 46″ 0,768 87(0 29)″[7][8] 4,2421(16) [9]
α Centauri A (HD 128620) G2V[2] 0,01[2] 4,38[2]  5,790[6]  14j 39m 36,5d  −60° 50′ 02″ 0,747 23(1 17)″[7][10] 4,3650(68)
α Centauri B (HD 128621) K0V[2] 1,34[2] 5,71[2]  5,260[6]  14j 39m 35,1d  −60° 50′ 14″
2 Bintang Barnard (BD+04°3561a) M4,0Ve 9,53[2] 13,22[2]  3,134(102)[11]  17j 57m 48,5d  +04° 41′ 36″ 0,546 98(1 00)″[7][8] 5,9630(109)
3 Wolf 359 (CN Leonis) M6,0V[2] 13,44[2] 16,55[2]  2,800(100)[12]  10j 56m 29,2d  +07° 00′ 53″ 0,419 10(2 10)″[7] 7,7825(390)
4 Lalande 21185 (BD+36°2147) M2,0V[2] 7,47[2] 10,44[2]  3,400[13]  11j 03m 20,2d  +35° 58′ 12″ 0,393 42(0 70)″[7][8] 8,2905(148)
5 Sirius
(α Canis Majoris) 		Sirius A A1V[2] −1,43[2] 1,47[2]  9,940(210)[14]  06j 45m 08,9d  −16° 42′ 58″ 0,380 02(1 28)″[7][8] 8,5828(289)
Sirius B DA2[2] 8,44[2] 11,34[2] 25,000(200)[15]
6 Luyten 726-8 Luyten 726-8 A (BL Ceti) M5,5Ve 12,54[2] 15,40[2]  2,670  01j 39m 01,3d  −17° 57′ 01″ 0,373 70(2 70)″[7] 8,7280(631)
Luyten 726-8 B (UV Ceti) M6,0Ve 12,99[2] 15,85[2] ~2,600
7 Ross 154 (V1216 Sagittarii) M3,5Ve 10,43[2] 13,07[2]  2,700  18j 49m 49,4d  −23° 50′ 10″ 0,336 90(1 78)″[7][8] 9,6813(512)
8 Ross 248 (HH Andromedae) M5,5Ve 12,29[2] 14,79[2] ?  23j 41m 54,7d  +44° 10′ 30″ 0,316 00(1 10)″[7] 10,322(36)
9 Epsilon Eridani (BD−09°697) K2V[2] 3,73[2] 6,19[2]  5,100  03j 32m 55,8d  −09° 27′ 30″ 0,309 99(0 79)″[7][8] 10,522(27)
10 Lacaille 9352 (CD−36°15693) M1,5Ve 7,34[2] 9,75[2]  3,340  23j 05m 52,0d  −35° 51′ 11″ 0,303 64(0 87)″[7][8] 10,742(31)
11 Ross 128 (FI Virginis) M4,0Vn 11,13[2] 13,51[2]  2,800  11j 47m 44,4d  +00° 48′ 16″ 0,298 72(1 35)″[7][8] 10,919(49)
12 EZ Aquarii
(GJ 866, Luyten 789-6) 		EZ Aquarii A M5,0Ve 13,33[2] 15,64[2] ?  22j 38m 33,4d  −15° 18′ 07″ 0,289 50(4 40)″[7] 11,266(171)
EZ Aquarii B M? 13,27[2] 15,58[2] ?
EZ Aquarii C M? 14,03[2] 16,34[2] ?
13 Procyon
(α Canis Minoris) 		Procyon A F5V-IV[2] 0,38[2] 2,66[2]  6,650  07j 39m 18,1d  +05° 13′ 30″ 0,286 05(0 81)″[7][8] 11,402(32)
Procyon B DA[2] 10,70[2] 12,98[2]  9,700
14 61 Cygni 61 Cygni A (BD+38°4343) K5,0V[2] 5,21[2] 7,49[2]  4,640  21j 06m 53,9d  +38° 44′ 58″ 0,286 04(0 56)″[7][8] 11,403(22)
61 Cygni B (BD+38°4344) K7,0V[2] 6,03[2] 8,31[2]  4,440  21j 06m 55,3d  +38° 44′ 31″
15 Struve 2398
(GJ 725, BD+59°1915) 		Struve 2398 A (HD 173739) M3,0V[2] 8,90[2] 11,16[2] ?  18j 42m 46,7d  +59° 37′ 49″ 0,283 00(1 69)″[7][8] 11,525(69)
Struve 2398 B (HD 173740) M3,5V[2] 9,69[2] 11,95[2] ?  18j 42m 46,9d  +59° 37′ 37″
16 Groombridge 34
(GJ 15) 		Groombridge 34 A (GX Andromedae) M1,5V[2] 8,08[2] 10,32[2] ?  0j 18m 22,9d  +44° 01′ 23″ 0,280 59(0 95)″[7][8] 11,624(39)
Groombridge 34 B (GQ Andromedae) M3,5V[2] 11,06[2] 13,30[2] ?
17 Epsilon Indi
(CPD−57°10015) 		Epsilon Indi A K5Ve[2] 4,69[2] 6,89[2]  4,280  22j 03m 21,7d  −56° 47′ 10″ 0,275 84(0 69)″[7][8] 11,824(30)
Epsilon Indi Ba T1,0V >23 >25  1,280  22j 04m 10,5d  −56° 46′ 58″
Epsilon Indi Bb T6,0V >23 >25    850
18 DX Cancri (G 51-15) M6,5Ve 14,78[2] 16,98[2] ?  08j 29m 49,5d  +26° 46′ 37″ 0,275 80(3 00)″[7] 11,826(129)
19 Tau Ceti (BD−16°295) G8Vp[2] 3,49[2] 5,68[2]  5,344  01j 44m 04,1d  −15° 56′ 15″ 0,274 39(0 76)″[7][8] 11,887(33)
20 GJ 1061 (LHS 1565) M5,5V[2] 13,09[2] 15,26[2] ?  03j 35m 59,7d  −44° 30′ 45″ 0,272 01(1 30)″[16] 11,991(57) [17][18]
21 YZ Ceti (LHS 138) M4,5V[2] 12,02[2] 14,17[2] ?  01j 12m 30,6d  −16° 59′ 56″ 0,268 84(2 95)″[7][8] 12,132(133)
22 Bintang Luyten (BD+05°1668) M3,5Vn 9,86[2] 11,97[2] ?  07j 27m 24,5d  +05° 13′ 33″ 0,263 76(1 25)″[7][8] 12,366(59)
23 Bintang Teegarden (SO025300,5+165258) M6,5V 15,14[2] 17,22[2] ?  02j 53m 00,9d  +16° 52′ 53″ 0,260 63(2 69)″[16] 12,514(129) [18]
24 SCR 1845-6357 SCR 1845-6357 A M8,5V[2] 17,39 19,41 ?  18j 45m 05,3d  −63° 57′ 48″ 0,259 45(1 11)″[16] 12,571(54) [18]
SCR 1845-6357 B T6[19] ? ?    950[19]  18j 45m 02,6d  −63° 57′ 52″
25 Bintang Kapteyn (CD−45°1841) M1,5V[2] 8,84[2] 10,87[2]  3,800  05j 11m 40,6d  −45° 01′ 06″ 0,255 27(0 86)″[7][8] 12,777(43)
26 Lacaille 8760 (AX Microscopii) M0,0V[2] 6,67[2] 8,69[2]  3,340  21j 17m 15,3d  −38° 52′ 03″ 0,253 43(1 12)″[7][8] 12,870(57)
27 Kruger 60
(BD+56°2783) 		Kruger 60 A M3,0V[2] 9,79[2] 11,76[2]  3,180  22j 27m 59,5d  +57° 41′ 45″ 0,248 06(1 39)″[7][10] 13,149(74)
Kruger 60 B (DO Cephei) M4,0V[2] 11,41[2] 13,38[2]  2,890
28 DEN 1048-3956 M8,5V[2] 17,39[2] 19,37[2] ?  10j 48m 14,7d  −39° 56′ 06″ 0,247 71(1 55)″[16] 13,167(82) [20][21]
29 Ross 614
(V577 Monocerotis, GJ 234) 		Ross 614A (LHS 1849) M4,5V[2] 11,15[2] 13,09[2] ?  06j 29m 23,4d  −02° 48′ 50″ 0,244 34(2 01)″[7][10] 13,349(110)
Ross 614B (LHS 1850) M5,5V 14,23[2] 16,17[2] ?
30 Gl 628 (Wolf 1061, BD−12°4523) M3,0V[2] 10,07[2] 11,93[2] ?  16j 30m 18,1d  −12° 39′ 45″ 0,236 01(1 67)″[7][8] 13,820(98)
31 Bintang Van Maanen (Gl 35, LHS 7) DZ7[2] 12,38[2] 14,21[2] ?  00j 49m 09,9d  +05° 23′ 19″ 0,231 88(1 79)″[7][8] 14,066(109)
32 Gl 1 (CD−37°15492) M3,0V[2] 8,55[2] 10,35[2] ?  00j 05m 24,4d  −37° 21′ 27″ 0,229 20(1 07)″[7][8] 14,231(66)
33 Wolf 424
(FL Virginis, LHS 333, GJ 473) 		Wolf 424 A M5,5Ve 13,18[2] 14,97[2] ?  12j 33m 17,2d  +09° 01′ 15″ 0,227 90(4 60)″ [7] 14,312(289)
Wolf 424 B M7Ve 13,17[2] 14,96[2] ?
34 TZ Arietis (GJ 83,1, Luyten 1159-16) M4,5V[2] 12,27[2] 14,03[2] ?  02j 00m 13,2d  +13° 03′ 08″ 0,224 80(2 90)″[7] 14,509(187)
35 Gl 687 (LHS 450, BD+68°946) M3,0V[2] 9,17[2] 10,89[2] ?  17j 36m 25,9d  +68° 20′ 21″ 0,220 49(0 82)″[7][8] 14,793(55)
36 LHS 292 (LP 731-58) M6,5V[2] 15,60[2] 17,32[2] ?  10j 48m 12,6d  −11° 20′ 14″ 0,220 30(3 60)″[7] 14,805(242)
37 Gl 674 (LHS 449) M3,0V[2] 9,38[2] 11,09[2] ?  17j 28m 39,9d  −46° 53′ 43″ 0,220 25(1 59)″[7][8] 14,809(107)
38 GJ 1245 GJ 1245 A M5,5V[2] 13,46[2] 15,17[2] ?  19j 53m 54,2d  +44° 24′ 55″ 0,220 20(1 00)″[7] 14,812(67)
GJ 1245 B M6,0V[2] 14,01[2] 15,72[2] ?  19j 53m 55,2d  +44° 24′ 56″
GJ 1245 C M? 16,75[2] 18,46[2] ?  19j 53m 54,2d  +44° 24′ 55″
39 GJ 440 (WD 1142-645) DQ6[2] 11,50[2] 13,18[2]  7,500  11j 45m 42,9d  −64° 50′ 29″ 0,216 57(2 01)″[7][8] 15,060(140)
40 GJ 1002 M5,5V[2] 13,76[2] 15,40[2] ?  00j 06m 43,8d  −07° 32′ 22″ 0,213 00(3 60)″[7] 15,313(259)
41 Ross 780 (GJ 876) M3,5V[2] 10,17[2] 11,81[2]  3,480  22j 53m 16,7d  −14° 15′ 49″ 0,212 59(1 96)″[7][8] 15,342(141)
42 LHS 288 (Luyten 143-23) M5,5V[2] 13,90[2] 15,51[2] ?  10j 44m 21,2d  −61° 12′ 36″ 0,208 95(2 73)″[16] 15,610(204) [18]
43 GJ 412 GJ 412 A M1,0V[2] 8,77[2] 10,34[2] ?  11j 05m 28,6d  +43° 31′ 36″ 0,206 02(1 08)″[7][8] 15,832(83)
GJ 412 B (WX Ursae Majoris) M5,5V[2] 14,48[2] 16,05[2] ?  11j 05m 30,4d  +43° 31′ 18″
44 Groombridge 1618 (GJ 380) K7,0V[2] 6,59[2] 8,16[2]  4,000  10j 11m 22,1d  +49° 27′ 15″ 0,205 81(0 67)″[7][8] 15,848(52)
45 GJ 388 M3,0V[2] 9,32[2] 10,87[2] ?  10j 19m 36,4d  +19° 52′ 10″ 0,204 60(2 80)″[7] 15,942(218)
46 GJ 832 M3,0V[2] 8,66[2] 10,20[2] ?  21j 33m 34,0d  −49° 00′ 32″ 0,202 78(1 32)″[7][8] 16,085(105)
47 LP 944-020 M9,0V[2] 18,50[2] 20,02[2] ?  03j 39m 35,2d  −35° 25′ 41″ 0,201 40(4 20)″[22] 16,195(338)
48 DEN 0255-4700 L7,5V[2] 22,92[2] 24,44[2] ?  02j 55m 03,7d  −47° 00′ 52″ 0,201 37(3 89)″[16] 16,197(313) [21]
49 GJ 682 M4,5V[2] 10,95[2] 12,45[2] ?  17j 37m 03,7d  −44° 19′ 09″ 0,199 65(2 30)″[7][8] 16,337(188)
# Sistem Bintang Kelas bintang mV MV Teff
K(±err) 		PK[2] Pen[2] Paralaks[2][3]
arka saat(±err) 		Jarak[4]
Tahun cahaya(±err) 		Referensi
tambahan
Penandaan Epos J2000.0

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Weaver, Harold F. (1947). "The Visibility of Stars Without Optical Aid". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 59 (350): 232–243. Bibcode:1947PASP...59..232W. doi:10.1086/125956 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. 
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb Research Consortium on Nearby Stars, GSU (2007-09-17). "The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems". RECONS. Diakses tanggal 6 November 2007.  Hapus pranala luar di parameter |journal= (bantuan)
  3. ^ a b Paralaks yang diberikan RECONS adalah min nilai bagi sumber diberi, begitu juga pengukuran oleh program RECONS,
  4. ^ a b Dari paralaks,
  5. ^ Sun Fact Sheet, NASA, Accessed on line November 8, 2007,
  6. ^ a b c Kervella, Pierre; Thevenin, Frederic (15 Mac 2003). "A Family Portrait of the Alpha Centauri System: VLT Interferometer Studies the Nearest Stars" Periksa nilai |url= (bantuan). ESO Press Release 05/03. ESO. Diakses tanggal 2007-11-08. 
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq Katalog Am Paralaks Trigonometri,
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Katalog Hipparcos,
  9. ^ Burgasser et al, 2000
  10. ^ a b c Visual binary orbits and masses post Hipparcos, Staffan Söderhjelm, Astronomy and Astrophysics 341 (January 1999), pp, 121–140,
  11. ^ Barnard's Star and the M Dwarf Temperature Scale, P, C, Dawson and M, M, de Robertis, The Astronomical Journal 127, #5 (May 2004), pp, 2909–2914, DOI:10,1086/383289
  12. ^ Ya, V, Pavlenko, H, R, A, Jones, Yu, Lyubchik, J, Tennyson, and D, J, Pinfield (2006). "Spectral energy distribution for GJ406" Periksa nilai |url= (bantuan). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 447 (2): 709–717. doi:10,1051/0004-6361:20052979 Periksa nilai |doi= (bantuan). 
  13. ^ Carbon monoxide bands in M dwarfs, Y, V, Pavlenko and H, R, A, Jones, Astronomy and Astrophysics 396 (December 2002), pp, 967–975, DOI:10,1051/0004-6361:20021454
  14. ^ Table 2, The physical properties of normal A stars, Saul J, Adelman, pp, 1–11, The A-Star Puzzle, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, edited by J, Zverko, J, Ziznovsky, S, J, Adelman, and W, W, Weiss, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004, DOI:10,1017/S1743921304004314
  15. ^ Adopted value, The Age and Progenitor Mass of Sirius B, James Liebert, Patrick A, Young, David Arnett, J,B, Holberg, and Kurtis A, Williams, The Astrophysical Journal 630, #1 (September 2005), pp, L69–L72,
  16. ^ a b c d e f Systems with their first accurate trigonometric parallaxes measured by RECONS
  17. ^ The solar neighborhood IV: discovery of the twentieth nearest star, Todd J, Henry, Philip A, Ianna, J, Davy Kirkpatrick, Hartmut Jahreiss, The Astronomical Journal 114, #1 (July 1997), pp, 388–395, DOI:10,1086/118482
  18. ^ a b c d The Solar Neighborhood, XVII, Parallax Results from the CTIOPI 0,9 m Program: 20 New Members of the RECONS 10 Parsec Sample, Todd J, Henry, Wei-Chun Jao, John P, Subasavage, Thomas D, Beaulieu, Philip A, Ianna, Edgardo Costa, René A, Méndez, The Astronomical Journal 132, #6 (December 2006), pp, 2360–2371, DOI:10,1086/508233
  19. ^ a b The very nearby M/T dwarf binary SCR 1845-6357, Markus Kasper, Beth A, Biller, Adam Burrows, Wolfgang Brandner, Jano Budaj, and Laird M, Close, Astronomy and Astrophysics 471, #2 (August 2007), pp, 655–659, DOI:10,1051/0004-6361:20077881
  20. ^ The Solar Neighborhood, XIII, Parallax Results from the CTIOPI 0,9 Meter Program: Stars with μ >= 1,0" yr-1 (Motion sample), Wei-Chun Jao, Todd J, Henry, John P, Subasavage, Misty A, Brown, Philip A, Ianna, Jennifer L, Bartlett, Edgardo Costa, René A, Méndez, The Astronomical Journal 129, #4 (April 2005), pp, 1954–1967, DOI:10,1086/428489
  21. ^ a b The Solar Neighborhood, XIV, Parallaxes from the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory Parallax Investigation—First Results from the 1,5 m Telescope Program, Edgardo Costa, René A, Méndez, W,-C, Jao, Todd J, Henry, John P, Subasavage, Misty A, Brown, Philip A, Ianna, and Jennifer Bartlett, The Astronomical Journal 130, #1 (July 2005), pp, 337–349, DOI:10,1086/430473
  22. ^ CCD astrometry of southern very low-mass stars, C, G, Tinney, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 281, #2 (July 1996), pp, 644–658,

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