鲍尔温机车厂在1837年经济危机(英语:Panic of 1837)中勉力维持,1837-1840年间,机车产量由40台跌落到9台,公司债台高筑。马提亚.鲍尔温战略性地引进了合伙人,乔治·威尔和乔治·哈福提。虽然合作时间不长,但他们帮助鲍尔温渡过了艰难的时刻。则拉赫·科尔伯恩是鲍尔温机车工厂最亲密的工程师之一。在1854-1861年间,当Colburn越来越少留在伦敦,然后经常接触鲍尔温后,这位在他的周报上鼓吹铁路的记者开始把溢美之词献给鲍尔温工厂。
很久以后,GM的头儿阿尔弗雷德.史劳恩Alfred P. Sloan回忆了该事件的时间线来掩饰这种臆测。他说GM在1920-30年代研发内燃机,这种在自动化工业时代的标准化设计(降低了成本)和市场经验是EMD优势所在,并使其在1940年代及后来取得成功。这番讲话明显暗示着,战时产品分工制度仅仅是鲍尔温和利马的最后一颗棺材钉。这篇演讲还表明,早期的内燃即仅仅适合船舶和固定场所,而铁路内燃机需要研发进行改进:小型化,更高的功率-重量比,更可靠,做功次数多,少维修。这是一个资金密集型的投资。在1920-30年代,传统的铁路制造商要么没能力(后来者),要么没意愿(既有者)去投资。GM的内燃机研究拯救了Winton公司, Electro-Motive公司, 和GM研发部的查理斯.科特林 Charles F. Kettering。第二次世界大战中,鲍尔温还生产了M4谢尔曼坦克。
1956年以后,鲍尔温机车厂再也没有机车产品,只生产重型建筑装备。截止1956年,鲍尔温制造了70500台机车,甚至现在,在世界各地的轨道上仍然有鲍尔温的蒸汽或内燃机车的运行,它们的铭牌上醒目地标识“鲍尔温机车工厂,费城,美国”。1965年起鲍尔温机车厂成为武器和公司(Armour and Company)的子公司[10]。1970年灰狗公司收购了武器和公司,1972年关闭了鲍尔温-利马货运部门[11]。有140年历史的鲍尔温机车厂不复存在。
^Marx, Thomas G. (1976), "Technological Change and the Theory of the Firm: The American Locomotive Industry, 1920–1955", Business History Review (50.1): 5–18.。
^Staff Writer. "BLH, Armour Plan Merger; $87 Million Value is Seen." Delaware County Daily Times 2 April 1965: 2.
^Staff Writer. " 140-Year-Old Industry Dies: BLH Plant Grinds to a Halt" Delaware County Daily Times 29 April 1972: 1.
引用文献
Alexander, E.P., Iron Horses: American Locomotives 1829-1900, Courier Dover Publications, 2003, ISBN 0-486-42531-2
Best, Gerald M., Mexican Narrow Gauge, Howell-North Books, 1968.
Brown, John K., The Baldwin Locomotive Works, 1831-1915: A Study in American Industrial Practice, Studies in Industry and Society series, Baltimore, Maryland, USA: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8018-5047-9.
Cotterell, Paul, The Railways of Palestine and Israel, Abingdon: Tourret Publishing, 1984, ISBN 0-905878-04-3.
Marx, Thomas G., Technological Change and the Theory of the Firm: The American Locomotive Industry, 1920–1955, Business History Review, 1976, (50.1): 5–18.
Warner, Paul Theodore, Motive Power Development on the Pennsylvania Railroad System, 1831-1924, Pennsylvania Railroad Company, 1924.
Westing, Frederick, The locomotives that Baldwin built. Containing a complete facsimile of the original "History of the Baldwin Locomotive Works, 1831-1923", Crown Publishing Group, 1982 [1966], ISBN 978-0-517-36167-2, LCCN 66025422
Baldwin Locomotive Works engine specifications, 1869-1938 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) 78 manuscript volumes digitized from microfilm reels containing engine specifications of locomotives built for various United States and foreign railroad companies. DeGolyer Library holds Volumes 5-82. The Baldwin Locomotive Works collection, which is devoted to the largest and most influential manufacturer of steam railroad locomotive engines in the world, includes books, specifications, engineering drawings, advertising and corporate publications, ledgers, and manuscripts.
Baldwin Locomotive Works Extra Order Books, 1890-1909 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) 19 manuscript volumes of digitized extra order books of shop and sales records detailing orders by railroad companies for extra parts or repairs. The Baldwin Locomotive Works collection, which is devoted to the largest and most influential manufacturer of steam railroad locomotive engines in the world, includes books, specifications, engineering drawings, advertising and corporate publications, ledgers, and manuscripts.