在1998年,德国语言学家赫尔穆特·利克斯(Helmut Rix)假定当时3种未分类古语言属于他称为“第勒尼安语系”的语系。它可能受邻近印欧语的影响。[8][9]同样地,罗伯特·比克斯(Robert Beekes)不认为它是印欧语。[10]霍华德·海斯·斯卡拉德(Howard Hayes Scullard)(1967)则相反,认为它属于印欧语系,与伊利里亚语和凯尔特语族有关。[11]:43不过,现在大多数学者认为雷蒂亚语在第勒尼安语系内与伊特拉斯坎语关系最密切。[12]
利克斯的第勒尼安语系稍后得到许多语言学家支持,有斯特凡·舒马赫(Stefan Schumacher)、[13][14]卡洛·德·西蒙(Carlo De Simone)、[15]:3-58诺伯特·厄廷格(Norbert Oettinger)、[16]:233–246西蒙那·马克西尼(Simona Marchesini)[7]和雷克斯·华莱士(Rex E. Wallace)等。[17]3种古语言的共同特征集中在词法学、音系和句法。另一方面,词汇对应很少,这一部分是因为雷蒂亚语和利姆尼亚语的记录本就很少,语系可能也分裂得很早。[18][19]人们常将第勒尼安语系与古欧洲诸语言和南欧的前印欧语比较。[20]
历史
据包可·范·德·摩尔(Bouke van der Meer),雷蒂亚语可能在约公元前900年或更早时候与伊特拉斯坎语分离,在不晚于公元前700年时,两种语言的差别已经可以由铭文观察到,如过去式的语态和男性的姓的词尾。从约公元前600年开始,雷蒂亚语可能受山南高卢扩张的影响被孤立于伊特拉斯坎语区之外,因此限制了两种语言间的交流。[12]
^Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Raetic. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
^ 7.07.1Carlo de Simone, Simona Marchesini (Eds), La lamina di Demlfeld [= Mediterranea. Quaderni annuali dell'Istituto di Studi sulle Civiltà italiche e del Mediterraneo antico del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Supplemento 8], Pisa – Roma: 2013.
^Robert S.P. Beekes, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: an introduction, 2nd ed. 2011:26: "It seems improbable that Rhaetic (spoken from Lake Garda to the Inn valley) is Indo-European, as it appears to contain Etruscan elements."
^de Simone Carlo (2009) La nuova iscrizione tirsenica di Efestia in Aglaia Archontidou, Carlo de Simone, Emanuele Greco (Eds.), Gli scavi di Efestia e la nuova iscrizione ‘tirsenica’, TRIPODES 11, 2009, Vol. 11(Italian)
^Oettinger, Norbert (2010) "Seevölker und Etrusker", in Yoram Cohen, Amir Gilan, and Jared L. Miller (eds.) Pax Hethitica Studies on the Hittites and their Neighbours in Honour of Itamar Singer (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
^Simona Marchesini (translation by Melanie Rockenhaus). Raetic (languages). Mnamon - Ancient Writing Systems in the Mediterranean. Scuola Normale Superiore. 2013 [26 July 2018]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-02).
^Kluge Sindy, Salomon Corinna, Schumacher Stefan. Raetica. Thesaurus Inscriptionum Raeticarum. Department of Linguistics, University of Vienna. 2013–2018 [26 July 2018]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-02).
^Mellaart, James (1975), "The Neolithic of the Near East" (Thames and Hudson)
^Pliny. XX. Naturalis Historia III. 由Rackham, H.翻译. Loeb (拉丁语).
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Roncador, Rosa; Marchesini, Simona. Monumenta Linguae Raeticae. Rome: Scienze e Lettere. 2015.
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Schumacher, Stefan; Kluge, Sindy. Salomon, Corinna , 编. Thesaurus Inscriptionum Raeticarum. Department of Linguistics. of the University of Vienna. 2013–2017 [2021-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-03) (英语).