阿拉伯聯合酋長國的宗教 (2020)[ 1]
其他(12.6%)
伊斯蘭教 是阿拉伯聯合酋長國 所有酋長國的官方宗教,穆斯林佔阿聯酋74%的人口,主要的教派為遜尼派。[ 2] 其他宗教包括基督宗教 、佛教 、印度教 、猶太教 和錫克教 ,信徒主要是阿聯酋的外籍人士。[ 3]
伊斯蘭教
阿聯酋遜尼派穆斯林比什葉派穆斯林多,伊斯瑪儀派 (Ismaili Shias)和阿赫邁底亞 穆斯林(Ahmadi Muslims)的人數較少。[ 2] 阿聯酋的司法制度源於大陸法系 和伊斯蘭教法 。法院系統由民事法庭和伊斯蘭教法庭組成。據“人權觀察組織”報導,阿聯酋的刑事和民事法院將伊斯蘭教法納入其刑法典和家庭法中,被視為是歧視婦女的法律。[ 4] 阿聯酋的伊斯蘭教法擁有相當的權力。
如果犯了刑事罪行,如通姦,婚前性行為和飲酒,會受到鞭刑 懲罰。[ 5] [ 6] [ 7] [ 8] [ 9] 2007至2013年間,阿聯酋許多人被判處100下鞭刑。[ 10] [ 11] [ 12] [ 13] [ 14] [ 15] [ 16] [ 17]
在阿布扎比 ,有案例公開接吻而被判處80下鞭刑。[ 18] 在阿布扎比和阿吉曼有幾個穆斯林因購買酒精飲料而被判80下鞭刑。[ 19] [ 20] 2006年,一名愛沙尼亞人因醉酒而被判40下鞭刑。[ 21] 有案例因非法性行為被判處60鞭刑。[ 22] [ 23] [ 24] [ 25]
根據阿聯酋的伊斯蘭法,婚前性行為會被判100下鞭刑。[ 26] 在阿聯酋,石刑 是一種法律上的懲罰。2006年,一名外籍人士因通姦罪被判死刑。[ 27] 2009年至2013年間,有數人被判處石刑。[ 13] [ 28] [ 29] 伊斯蘭教法規定了婚姻和子女監護等事項的家庭法 。伊斯蘭教法的家庭法適用於穆斯林,有時也適用於非穆斯林。[ 30] 非穆斯林僑民可以決定是否要伊斯蘭法對婚姻和子女監護權的裁決。[ 30] 伊斯蘭教法庭對家庭法案件擁有專屬管轄權,並對通姦,婚前性行為,搶劫和有關罪行等一些刑事案件具有管轄權。阿聯酋穆斯林公民叛教 會被判處死刑。[ 31] [ 32]
阿拉伯聯合酋長國在其“刑法典”中納入了伊斯蘭教法有組織的犯罪,而叛教是其中之一。[ 33] 在公共場合接吻是觸犯法律的,並可能導致被驅逐出境 。[ 34] 同性戀在阿聯酋是非法的,會被判死罪。[ 35] [ 36]
阿布扎比“刑法典”第80條規定,雞姦罪最高可判處14年監禁,“迪拜刑法”第177條對自願雞姦者判處10年監禁。[ 37] 齋戒月 期間,在太陽下山前公開進食,飲酒或吸煙是非法的行為[ 38] ,但孕婦和兒童不再此限。此法律適用於穆斯林和非穆斯林,[ 38] 不遵守可能會遭到逮捕。[ 39]
在公共空間跳舞在阿聯酋屬於非法行為。[ 40] [ 41] [ 42]
基督宗教
阿聯酋的基督徒大都屬於新教 或羅馬天主教 ,該國至少有33個基督教堂。[ 3] 公立學校沒有基督宗教的宗教教育。[ 43] 許多阿拉伯聯合酋長國的基督徒都是亞裔 。[ 44]
猶太教
印度教、錫克教和耆那教
阿聯酋的印度教 和耆那教 為在阿聯酋居住的印度裔(信德人 )所信仰。為了感謝印度商人對迪拜貿易港口的早期發展所作的貢獻,阿拉伯聯合大公國前副總統兼總理拉希德·本·賽義德·阿勒馬克圖姆 (Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum)批准在杜拜 Bur Dubai區建造一座印度教寺廟,此外,迪拜也有錫克教寺廟。
佛教
在迪拜 的加尔忽德区,有一座佛教寺庙。
無宗教
參見
参考注釋
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