|
長角竹節蟲科（学名：Lonchodidae）為竹節蟲目真䗛亞目脛平下目底下的科，也称作長角棒䗛科，本科包含了超過150個屬以及超過1000個已知物種[1]。
本科成員原本分於笛竹節蟲科，自2018年起Necrosciinae亞科和Lonchodinae亞科整併為本科[2]。
分類
本科目前包含以下兩亞科：
- 長角棒竹節蟲亞科Lonchodinae
- 長角枝竹節蟲亞科Necrosciinae
本科包括以下属：
- Acacus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907
- Acanthomenexenus Brock & Hennemann, 2009
- Acanthophasma Chen & He, 2000
- Anarchodes Redtenbacher, 1908
- Anasceles Redtenbacher, 1908
- Andropromachus Carl, 1913
- Asceles Redtenbacher, 1908
- Aschiphasmodes Karny, 1923
- Aschiphasmodes ascepasmoidea (Redtenbacher, 1908)
- Asprenas Stål, 1875
- Asystata Redtenbacher, 1908
- Austrocarausius Brock, 2000
- Austrosipyloidea Brock & Hasenpusch, 2007
- Baculofractum Zompro, 1995
- Brachyrtacus Sharp, 1898
- Brevinecroscia Seow-Choen, 2016
- Breviphetes Zompro, 1998
- Brockphasma Ho, Liu, Bresseel & Constant, 2014
- 翠䗛属 Calvisia Stål, 1875
- Canachus Stål, 1875
- Candovia Stål, 1875
- Capuyanus Bresseel & Constant, 2017
- Carausius Stål, 1875
- Carlius Uvarov, 1939
- Caudasceles Seow-Choen, 2017
- Centrophasma Redtenbacher, 1908
- Channia Seow-Choen, 2016
- Cheniphasma Ho, 2012
- Chondrostethus Kirby, 1896
- Cladomimus Carl, 1915
- Conlephasma Gottardo & Heller, 2012
- Conogalactea Seow-Choen, 2018
- Cornicandovia Hasenpusch & Brock, 2007
- Cylindomena Günther, 1935
- Denhama Werner, 1912
- Diacanthoidea Redtenbacher, 1908
- Diangelus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907
- Dianphasma Chen & He, 1997
- Diardia Redtenbacher, 1908
- Diesbachia Redtenbacher, 1908
- Echinothorax Günther, 1932
- Elicius Günther, 1935
- Erinaceophasma Zompro, 2001
- Eupromachus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907
- Eurycantha Boisduval, 1835
- Eurynecroscia Dohrn, 1910
- Galactea Redtenbacher, 1908
- Gargantuoidea Redtenbacher, 1908
- Gibbernecroscia Brock, Hasenpusch & Petrović, 2019
- Gibbopromachus Hennemann, 2021
- Greenia Kirby, 1896
- Hemiplasta Redtenbacher, 1908
- Hemisosibia Redtenbacher, 1908
- Hennemannia Seow-Choen, 2016
- Hermagoras Stål, 1875
- Huananphasma Ho, 2013
- Hyrtacus Stål, 1875
- Kalocorinnis Günther, 1944
- Korinnis Günther, 1932
- Labanphasma Seow-Choen, 2016
- Labidiophasma Carl, 1915
- Laevediacantha Seow-Choen, 2016
- Lamachodes Redtenbacher, 1908
- Leprocaulinus Uvarov, 1940
- Lobonecroscia Brock & Seow-Choen, 2000
- 长足异䗛属 Lonchodes Gray, 1835
- Lonchodiodes Hennemann & Conle, 2007
- Lopaphus Westwood, 1859
- Loxopsis Westwood, 1859
- Macrocercius Seow-Choen, 2017
- Maculonecroscia Seow-Choen, 2016
- Malandella Sjöstedt, 1918
- Manduria Stål, 1877
- Marmessoidea Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
- Matutumetes Hennemann & Conle, 2007
- Megalophasma Bi, 1995
- Meionecroscia Redtenbacher, 1908
- Menexenus Stål, 1875
- Mesaner Redtenbacher, 1908
- 小异䗛属 Micadina Redtenbacher, 1908
- Microcanachus Donskoff, 1988
- Mithrenes Stål, 1877
- Mnesilochus Stål, 1877
- Moritasgus Günther, 1935
- Mortites Günther, 1935
- Myronides Stål, 1875
- Necroscia Audinet-Serville, 1838
- Neoasceles Seow-Choen, 2016
- Neoclides Uvarov, 1940
- Neohirasea Rehn, 1904
- Neointerphasma Ho, 2017
- Neomyronides Hennemann, 2021
- Neonescicroa Seow-Choen, 2016
- Neooxyartes Ho, 2018
- Neopromachus Giglio-Tos, 1912
- Neoqiongphasma Ho, 2013
- Neososibia Chen & He, 2000
- Nescicroa Karny, 1923
- Notaspinius Seow-Choen, 2017
- Nuichua Bresseel & Constant, 2018
- Oedohirasea Ho, 2020
- Oreophasma Günther, 1929
- Orthonecroscia Kirby, 1904
- Orthostheneboea Seow-Choen, 2016
- Orxines Stål, 1875
- Otraleus Günther, 1935
- Ovacephala Seow-Choen, 2016
- Oxyartes Stål, 1875
- Pachyscia Redtenbacher, 1908
- Papuacocelus Hennemann & Conle, 2006
- Paracanachus Carl, 1915
- Paradiacantha Redtenbacher, 1908
- Paraloxopsis Günther, 1932
- Paramanduria Hennemann, 2021
- Paramarmessoidea Seow-Choen, 2021
- Paramenexenus Redtenbacher, 1908
- Paranecroscia Redtenbacher, 1908
- Paraprisomera Hennemann, 2002
- Paraprosceles Chen & He, 2004
- Parasinophasma Chen & He, 2006
- Parasipyloidea Redtenbacher, 1908
- Parasosibia Redtenbacher, 1908
- Parastheneboea Redtenbacher, 1908
- Paroxyartes Carl, 1913
- Pericentropsis Günther, 1936
- Pericentrus Redtenbacher, 1908
- Periphetes Stål, 1877
- Phaenopharos Kirby, 1904
- Phamartes Bresseel & Constant, 2013
- Phenacephorus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907
- Phenacocephalus Werner, 1930
- 皮竹节虫属 Phraortes Stål, 1875
- Planososibia Seow-Choen, 2016
- Platysosibia Redtenbacher, 1908
- Pomposa Redtenbacher, 1908
- Prisomera Gray, 1835
- Pseudocentema Chen, He & Li, 2002
- Pseudodiacantha Redtenbacher, 1908
- Pseudoneoclides Seow-Choen, 2016
- Pseudoparamenexenus Ho, 2016
- Pseudosipyloidea Ho, 2013
- Pseudososibia Ho, 2017
- Pseudostheneboea Carl, 1913
- Qiongphasma Chen, He & Li, 2002
- Rhamphosipyloidea Redtenbacher, 1908
- Sabahphasma Seow-Choen, 2016
- Scionecra Karny, 1923
- Septopenna Seow-Choen, 2016
- Singaporoidea Seow-Choen, 2017
- Sinophasma Günther, 1940
- Sipyloidea Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
- Sosibia Stål, 1875
- Spinacephorus Seow-Choen, 2020
- Spinohirasea Zompro, 2002
- Spinomarmessoidea Seow-Choen, 2021
- Spinophetes Zompro & Eusebio, 2000
- Spinosipyloidea Hasenpusch & Brock, 2007
- Staelonchodes Kirby, 1904
- Stalocagorus Seow-Choen, 2018
- Stheneboea Stål, 1875
- Sumatranius Seow-Choen, 2018
- Symetriophasma Hennemann & Conle, 1996
- Syringodes Redtenbacher, 1908
- Tagesoidea Redtenbacher, 1908
- Thaumatobactron Günther, 1929
- Thrasyllus Stål, 1877
- Trachythorax Redtenbacher, 1908
- Trapezaspis Redtenbacher, 1908
- Varieganecroscia Seow-Choen, 2016
生態
在台灣，可以發現本科皮竹節蟲屬、細頸竹節蟲屬、小異竹節蟲屬、華竹節蟲屬、角臀竹節蟲屬、瘤胸竹節蟲屬的物種，以及可能為外來種的日本棘竹節蟲，這些物種除了日本棘竹節蟲之外多傾向於樹棲，而且許多物種喜好取食殼斗科植物葉片，辨識此科物種的重點在於其長於前足第一節的觸角[3]。
參考文獻
- ^ GBIF. Lonchodidae. [2022-12-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-08）.
- ^ Robertson, James A.; Bradler, Sven; Whiting, Michael F. Evolution of Oviposition Techniques in Stick and Leaf Insects (Phasmatodea). Front. Ecol. Evol. 19 December 2018 [2022-12-28]. doi:10.3389/fevo.2018.00216. （原始内容存档于2021-04-04）.
- ^ 黃世富. 台灣的竹節蟲-飼養與採集指南. 台灣: 大樹文化事業股份有限公司. 2002. ISBN 957-8792-64-6.
|
