^Chechnya – Narrative(PDF). University of Southern California. [12 July 2013]. (原始内容(PDF)存档于2016-09-02). Russian military involvement into the Caucasus started early in the 18th century and in 1785–1791 the first major rebellion in Chechnya against the imperial rule took place.
^Naimark, Norman M. Fires of Hatred: Ethnic Cleansing in Twentieth-century Europe. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard Univ. Press. 2002: 106. ISBN 9780674009943.
^Rogio, Bill. US designates Caucasus Emirate leader Doku Umarov a global terrorist. Long War Journal. 25 June 2010 [10 July 2013]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-12). After Basayev's death in 2006, the Chechen and Caucasus jihadists united under the command of Doku Umarov, one of the last remaining original leaders of the Chechen rebellion and a close associate of al Qaeda.
Dunlop, John B. Russia Confronts Chechnya: Roots of a Separatist Conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1998. ISBN 9780521636193.ISBN 9780521636193.
James, Patrick; Goetze, David. Evolutionary Theory and Ethnic Conflict. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger. 2001. ISBN 9780275971434.ISBN 9780275971434.
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Schaefer, Robert W. The Insurgency in Chechnya and the North Caucasus: From Gazavat to Jihad. ABC-CLIO. 2010: 49–61. ISBN 9780313386343.
Smith, Sebastian. Allah's Mountains: The Battle for Chechnya. Tauris Parke Paperbacks. 2005. ISBN 978-1850439790.ISBN 978-1850439790.
Ware, Robert Bruce. A Multitude of Evils: Mythology and Political Failure in Chechnya. Richard Sakwa (编). Chechnya: From Past to Future. London: Anthem Press. 2005: 79–115. ISBN 1-84331-165-8.ISBN 1-84331-165-8.