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變質說（論）、化質說（拉丁语：transsubstantiatio；希腊语：μετουσίωσις ），有時又被新教或一些宗教學研究者稱為「圣餐变体论」，為天主教會核心教義之一，也是天主教會與大部分新教教會的主要分歧之一^[1]。化質論认为面包和葡萄酒可以通过圣餐礼转化为基督的圣体与寶血^[2]。它在1215年的第四次拉特朗公會議上正式得到确认^[3]^[4]，但后世又遭到约翰·威克里夫等改革家的挑战^[5]。

参考文献

^ Fay, William. The Real Presence of Jesus Christ in the Sacrament of the Eucharist: Basic Questions and Answers. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. 2001 [13 December 2015]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-28）. the Catholic Church professes that, in the celebration of the Eucharist, bread and wine become the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ through the power of the Holy Ghost and the instrumentality of the priest.
^ Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church. www.vatican.va. [2021-03-16]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-22）.
^ Internet History Sourcebooks Project. sourcebooks.fordham.edu. [2021-03-16]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-28）.
^ Lateran Council | Roman Catholicism. Encyclopedia Britannica. [2021-03-16]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-22）.
^ Hillebrand, Hans J. (编). Transubstantiation. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation. Oxford University Press. 2005 [2017-05-30]. ISBN 978-0-19-506493-3. （原始内容存档于2021-02-25）.

外部链接

"Transubstantiation" in Catholic Encyclopedia （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Pope Paul VI: Encyclical Mysterium fidei （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Pope Paul VI: Credo of the People of God （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Eastern Orthodox Church statements on transubstantiation/metousiosis （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
The Antiquity of the Doctrine of Transubstantiation （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[1] Fay, William. The Real Presence of Jesus Christ in the Sacrament of the Eucharist: Basic Questions and Answers. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. 2001 [13 December 2015]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-28）. the Catholic Church professes that, in the celebration of the Eucharist, bread and wine become the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ through the power of the Holy Ghost and the instrumentality of the priest.

[2] Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church. www.vatican.va. [2021-03-16]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-22）.

[3] Internet History Sourcebooks Project. sourcebooks.fordham.edu. [2021-03-16]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-28）.

[4] Lateran Council | Roman Catholicism. Encyclopedia Britannica. [2021-03-16]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-22）.

[OEOR-5] Hillebrand, Hans J. (编). Transubstantiation. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation. Oxford University Press. 2005 [2017-05-30]. ISBN 978-0-19-506493-3. （原始内容存档于2021-02-25）.

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