連接西雅图市中心,並穿越运河的桥梁
西雅圖 市內有多座桥梁 ,需要穿越城市内的多条水道和眾多的山丘,其中不乏有在功能或工程上的创新性而拥有一定的历史意义的橋樑[ 1] 。截至2015年,西雅圖市内已經有十二座橋樑被联邦政府、市政府或兩者授予历史地位。西雅图市内也有一些全世界僅有的永久浮橋 [ 2] 。
华盛顿湖 和普吉特海湾 分別位於西雅圖市的东部和西部,而兩者之间是通過一系列的运河和聯合湖 (统称为華盛頓湖運河 )連接的[ 3] 。四座通過運河的双葉上開橋 是市内最古老的橋梁,它們是在1917年至1930年間啓用。市内东部邊緣,連接運河南部一帶和大學區 的橋梁有蒙特萊克大橋 和大學橋 。費利蒙大橋 穿过运河中心,並因為其桥下净空只有9.1米(30英尺),而成為世界上最經常需要開合的橋梁。巴拉德大橋 的是市内衆多跨越運河的橋樑中最靠西的一座[ 4] 。
一衆浮桥承載90号州际公路 和520号华盛顿州州道 ,並跨越华盛顿湖前往金縣東郊 [ 5] 。建于2016年的长青点浮桥 ,是同一地點原有的浮橋 的重建[ 6] [ 7] ,是世界上最长的浮桥[ 8] [ 9] 。莱西·V·默罗纪念大桥 在1990年因為一次整修,而使它的開放維護艙口進水,而令橋樑的其中一個跨度 沉沒;之後該跨度被重建。歲月和2001年尼斯闊利地震 也破坏了橋樑的其餘几个跨度。基於未来的地震的危险性增加,市内失修的橋樑也隨之需要更换,例如阿拉斯加路高架道路 和木兰桥 [ 10] [ 11] 。
西西雅圖 是一个因為被杜瓦米什河分隔而與市中心分离的半岛。西西雅图大桥 是跨越河流的主要通道[ 12] 。附近的斯波坎街大橋 是世界上第一座,也是唯一一座液压操作的混凝土 双葉平轉橋 [ 13] 。
橋樑列表
注釋
参考文献
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